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Patient characteristics and incidence of childhood hospitalisation due to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in the United States of America 2001–2014

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 March 2019

Rie Sakai-Bizmark ,
Eliza J. Webber ,
Emily H. Marr ,
Laurie A. Mena  and
Ruey-Kang R. Chang
Rie Sakai-Bizmark*
Affiliation:
Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center and the David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Eliza J. Webber
Affiliation:
Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
Emily H. Marr
Affiliation:
Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
Laurie A. Mena
Affiliation:
Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
Ruey-Kang R. Chang
Affiliation:
Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center and the David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
*
Author for correspondence: R. Sakai-Bizmark, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1124 West Torrance Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA. Tel: 310-222-2327; Fax: 310-222-4006; E-mail: rsakaibizmark@g.ucla.edu
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Abstract

This study investigated patient characteristics in paediatric hospitalisations for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. We used Nationwide Inpatient Sample, which is the largest all-payer inpatient database in the United States, yielding nationally representative estimates, from 2001 to 2014. ICD-9-CM diagnostic codes identified hospitalisations for patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and <18 years. Outcomes included yearly rate of hospitalisation, death, admission via emergency department, and need for surgery. Predictors of interest were age groups (<1, 1–9, and ⩾10 y/o), sex, and race/ethnicity. Logistic regression modelled associations, adjusted by patient- and hospital-level variables. With 2302 weighted hospitalisations, hospitalisation rates were 0.22 per 100,000 children/year, with higher rates for <1 y/o (0.42) and ⩾10 y/o (0.31). Male-to-female ratios were more prominent in the oldest age group; 2.7:1 in ⩾10 y/o versus less than 1.7:1 for <10 y/o. In-hospital mortality was 1.5%, with highest mortality rates among the <1 y/o (6.3%). Children ⩾10 y/o had 5.59 times higher risk of admission from the emergency department than 1–9 y/o age group. Both ⩾10 and <1 y/o age groups had lower risk of surgical intervention compared to the 1–9 y/o group with odds ratio 0.56 and 0.26, respectively. Black children had higher risk of admission from the emergency department than White children with odds ratio 2.78. A relation between age group and sex was observed, with sex-based differences in prevalence and treatment of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy becoming more pronounced with age. Further studies are needed to clarify mechanisms behind age and racial disparity in hospitalisation, especially admission source.

Keywords

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathyhospitalisationsex differencesage differences
Type
Original Article
Information
Cardiology in the Young , Volume 29 , Issue 3 , March 2019 , pp. 344 - 354
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2019 

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Footnotes

Cite this article: Sakai-Bizmark R, Webber EJ, Marr EH, Mena LA, Chang RKR. (2019) Patient characteristics and incidence of childhood hospitalisation due to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in the United States of America 2001–2014. Cardiology in the Young29: 344–354. doi: 10.1017/S1047951118002421

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