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Triterpenoid saponins synergize insecticidal pea peptides: effect on feeding and survival of Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2012

Paul G. Fields ,
Sheila Woods  and
Wesley G. Taylor
Paul G. Fields*
Affiliation:
Cereal Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 195 Dafoe Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2M9
Sheila Woods
Affiliation:
Cereal Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 195 Dafoe Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2M9
Wesley G. Taylor
Affiliation:
Saskatoon Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 0X2
*
1 Corresponding author (e-mail: paul.fields@agr.gc.ca).
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Abstract

The triterpenoid saponins soyasaponin I, dehydrosoyasaponin I, echinocystic acid 3-glucoside, β-escin, glycyrrhizic acid, hederacoside C, and α-hederin were tested alone and in combination with insecticidal PA1b peptide mixtures isolated from peas for their effects on the feeding and survival of a stored-product insect, the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.). There were two sources of peptides: a purified extract composed primarily of PA1b peptides and a partially purified extract (C8 extract) that contained mainly peptides and lesser amounts of soyasaponin I, dehydrosoyasaponin I, and other compounds. Dehydrosoyasaponin I, echinocystic acid 3-glucoside, α-hederin, and β-escin were active (causing reduced feeding and increased mortality) when used alone. Soyasaponin I, hederacoside C, and glycyrrhizic acid were inactive when used alone. Purified peptides and C8 extract were active when used alone. The mixtures of the inactive soyasaponin I and the active peptides were as active as peptides alone, even when peptides composed only 10% of the mixture. Similar trends were seen with the mixtures of β-escin and PA1b. In general, the mixtures of saponins and peptides were synergistic. Possible modes of synergistic action are discussed.

Résumé

Nous avons testé les effets sur l'alimentation et la survie d'un insecte des produits entreposés, le charançon du riz, Sitophilus oryzae (L.), de saponines triterpénoïdes, soit la sojasaponine I, la déshydrosaponine I, le glucoside-3 de l'acide échinocystique, la β-escine, l'acide glycyrrhizique, l'hédéracoside C et l'α-hédérine, seules ou en combinaison avec des mélanges de peptides PA1b insecticides extraits de pois. Il y avait deux sources de peptides, un extrait purifié composé principalement de peptides PA1b et un extrait partiellement purifié (extrait C8) qui contenait surtout des peptides et des quantités moindres de sojasaponine I, de déshydrosaponine I et d'autres composés. Utilisés seuls, la déydrosaponine I, le glucoside-3 de l'acide éinocystique, l'α-hédérine et la β-escine sont des produits actifs (ils réduisent l'alimentation et augmentent la mortalité). La sojasaponine I, l'hédéracoside C et l'acide glycyrrhizique seuls restent inactifs. Les peptides purifiés et l'extrait C8 sont actifs seuls. Le mélange de sojasaponine I inactive et de peptides actifs a une action égale à celle des peptides seuls, même lorsque les peptides ne représentent que 10% du mélange. Des tendances semblables s'observent avec les mélanges de β-escine et de PA1b. En général, les mélanges de saponines et de peptides produisent une synergie. Nous discutons des modes possibles de cette action synergique.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 142 , Issue 5 , October 2010 , pp. 501 - 512
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2010

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