Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-5nwft Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-17T00:23:01.460Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The temporal distribution of cyclamen mite, Phytonemus pallidus (Acari: Tarsonemidae), in strawberry and comparison of sampling methods

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 July 2022

Justin M. Renkema Open the ORCID record for Justin M. Renkema [Opens in a new window] ,
Erica Pate  and
Chrystel Olivier Open the ORCID record for Chrystel Olivier [Opens in a new window]
Justin M. Renkema*
Affiliation:
London Research and Development Centre – Vineland Campus, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 4902 Victoria Avenue North, Vineland Station, Ontario, L0R 2E0, Canada
Erica Pate
Affiliation:
Ontario Crops Research Centre – Simcoe, Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, 1283 Blueline Road, Simcoe, Ontario, N3Y 4N5, Canada
Chrystel Olivier
Affiliation:
Saskatoon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 0X2, Canada
*
*Corresponding author. Email: justin.renkema@agr.gc.ca
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Cyclamen mite, Phytonemus pallidus (Banks) (Acari: Tarsonemidae), is a pest of strawberry, Fragaria × ananassa Duchesne (Rosaceae), that injures new growth, resulting in damage to leaves and fruit. The primary source of cyclamen mite in strawberry is infested planting material, and damaged plants tend to occur in small, isolated patches in perennial production systems. In the present study, we determined through repeated sampling of strawberry plants in Ontario and Saskatchewan, Canada whether relative cyclamen mite population levels were stable in commercial fields and whether overwintering and field renovation (mowing) affected populations. In Ontario, cyclamen mite counts were significantly correlated for 66% (10 of 15) of the paired comparisons from six sampling dates in more than one year, indicating a relatively stable distribution of cyclamen mite patches in strawberry fields. Winter caused high mortality (100 times fewer mites in spring than fall) and mowing caused some mortality (10 times fewer mites post- than pre-mow). We found that more cyclamen mite motiles were extracted from plant material stored in ethanol and triple-washed than were extracted using Berlese funnels, although counts from leaves were correlated between methods. No cyclamen mites were found in Saskatchewan. Knowing that cyclamen mite patches are local and spread is negligible will facilitate targeted applications of controls.

Type
Research Paper
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 154 , Issue 1 , 2022 , e33
Check for updates
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022 and Her Majesty, the Queen, in right of Canada, as represented by the Minister of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Entomological Society of Canada

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

Subject Editor: Therese Poland

References

Berglund, R., Svensson, B., and Nilsson, C. 2007. Evaluation of methods to control Phytonemus pallidus and Anthonomus rubi in organic strawberry production. Journal of Applied Entomology, 131: 573–578.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dana, M.N. and Oatman, E.R. 1962. Cyclamen mite eradication on strawberry transplants. Journal of Economic Entomology, 55: 1000–1001.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
de Lillo, E. 2001. A modified method for Eriophyoid mite extraction (Acari: Eriophyoidea). International Journal of Acarology, 27: 67–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Denmark, H.A. 2017. Cyclamen mite, Phytonemus pallidus (Banks) (Arachnida: Acari: Tarsonemidae). Featured creatures. EENY-178. Available from https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/orn/cyclamen_mite.htm [accessed 2 November 2021].Google Scholar
Easterbrook, M.A., Fitzgerald, J.D., and Solomon, M.G. 2001. Biological control of strawberry tarsonemid mite Phytonemus pallidus and two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae on strawberry in the UK using species of Neoseiulus (Amblyseius) (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Experimental and Applied Acarology, 25: 25–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Easterbrook, M.A., Fitzgerald, J.D., Pinch, C., Tooley, J., and Xu, X.M. 2003. Development times and fecundity of three important arthropod pests of strawberry in the United Kingdom. Annals of Applied Biology, 143: 325–331.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fitzgerald, J., Xu, X., Pepper, N., Easterbrook, M., and Solomon, M. 2008. The spatial and temporal distribution of predatory phytophagous mites in field-grown strawberry in the UK. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 44: 293–306.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fountain, M.T., Harris, A.L., and Cross, J.V. 2010. The use of surfactants to enhance acaricide control of Phytonemus pallidus (Acari: Tarsonemidae) in strawberry. Crop Protection, 29: 1286–1292.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fried, V.A. and Schell, E. 2000. Erdbeermilbe: Method für Befallserhebungen und Bekämpfungsversuche. Gesunde Pflanzen, 52: 165–171.Google Scholar
Garth, G.S. and Shanks, C.H. Jr. 1978. Some factors affecting infestation of strawberry fields by the black vine weevil in western Washington. Journal of Economic Entomology, 71: 443–448.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ghahramani, M., Karimzadeh, R., Iranipour, S., and Sciaratta, A. 2019. Does harvesting affect the spatio-temporal signature of pests and natural enemies in alfalfa fields? Agronomy, 9: 532.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Labonowska, B.H., Piotrowski, W., Korzeniowski, M., and Cuthbertson, A.G.S. 2015. Control of the strawberry mite, Phytonemus pallidus (Banks), in strawberry plantations by alternative acaricides. Crop Protection, 78: 5–14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
LeFors, J.A., Johnson, D.T., Kirkpatrick, T., Woodruff, T., and De Moraes, G.J. 2018. A two-step centrifugation method with water and sucrose to separate mites from raw extracts of Tullgren funnels. Systematic & Applied Acarology, 23: 860–867.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, T.X., Zhang, Y., and Yue, B. 2011. Extraction from soil of apterous Pemphigus populitransversus (Hemiptera: Pemphigidae) feeding on cruciferous vegetable roots. Journal of Economic Entomology, 104: 1116–1119.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Loughner, R.L., Loeb, G.M., Schloemann, S., and Demchak, K. 2008. Evaluation of cultural practices for potential to control strawberry sap beetle (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 101: 850–858.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mechant, E., Luypaert, G., Van Delsen, B., Pauwels, E., Witters, J., Van Huylenbroeck, J., and Gobin, B. 2015. Development and validation of a three-step detection protocol for broad mites (Polyphagotarsonemus latus) in pot azalea (Rhododendron simsii hybrids). Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 156: 99–104.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs. 2021. Crop protection guide for berries. Publication 360B. Available from http://www.omafra.gov.on.ca/english/crops/pub360/pub360B.pdf [accessed 2 November 2021].Google Scholar
Panthi, B.R., Renkema, J.M., Lahiri, S., and Liburd, O.E. 2021. Spatio-temporal distribution and fixed-precision sampling plan of Scirtothrips dorsalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in Florida blueberry. Insects, 12: 256.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Patenaude, S., Tellier, S., and Fournier, V. 2020. Cyclamen mite (Acari: Tarsonemidae) monitoring in eastern Canada strawberry (Rosaceae) fields and its potential control by the predatory mite Neoseiulus cucumeris (Acari: Phytoseiidae). The Canadian Entomologist, 152: 249–260. https://doi.org/10.4039/tce.2019.75.Google Scholar
Reay-Jones, F.P.F. 2017. Geostatistical characterization of cereal leaf beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) distributions in wheat. Environmental Entomology, 46: 931–938.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rezende, J., Lofego, A., Navia, D., and Roggia, S. 2012. Mites (Acari: Mesostigmata, Sarcoptiformes and Trombidiformes) associated to soybean in Brazil, including new records form the Cerrado areas. Florida Entomologist, 95: 683–693.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rostami, N., Maroufpoor, M., Sadeghi, A., Ghazi, M.M., and Atlıhan, R. 2018. Demographic characteristics and population projection of Phytonemus pallidus fragariae reared on different strawberry cultivars. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 76: 473–486.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
SAS Institute Inc. 2021. JMP® Version 16.1.0. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, North Carolina, United States of America.Google Scholar
Tuovinen, T. 2000. Integrated control of the strawberry mite (Phytonemus pallidus) in the Nordic multi-year growing system. Acta Horticulturae, 525: 389–391.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tuovinen, T. and Lindqvist, I. 2010. Maintenance of predatory phytoseiid mites for preventive control of strawberry tarsonemid mite Phytonemus pallidus in strawberry plant propagation. Biological Control, 54: 119–125.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
van Kruistum, G., Evenhuis, A., Hoek, J., Kastelein, P., van der Wolf, J.M., and Verschoor, J.A. 2015. CATT: a new and non-chemical pest and nematode control method in strawberry planting stock. Acta Horticulturae, 1105: 189–196.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zalom, F.G., Thompson, P.B., and Nicola, N. 2009. Cyclamen mite, Phytonemus pallidus (Banks), and other tarsonemid mites in strawberries. Acta Horticulturae, 842: 243–246.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, L., Strik, B.C., and Martin, L.W. 1992. Date of renovation affects fall and summer fruiting of June-bearing strawberry. Advances in Strawberry Research, 11: 47–50.Google Scholar