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SEASONAL DYNAMICS OF THE SUNFLOWER STEM WEEVIL, CYLINDROCOPTURUS ADSPERSUS (LECONTE) (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE), ON CULTIVATED SUNFLOWER IN THE NORTHERN GREAT PLAINS1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Laurence D. Charlet
Laurence D. Charlet
Affiliation:
Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Department of Entomology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, USA58105
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Abstract

The sunflower stem weevil, Cylindrocopturus adspersus (LeConte), is a pest of cultivated sunflower in the major production areas of North and South Dakota, Minnesota, and Texas. Adults appeared in sunflower plots between 5 and 25 June in 1980–1985, when plants had 4–14 leaves. Oviposition began soon after adults were present and continued into late August. Peak densities of both eggs and adults occurred in mid-July. Larvae hatched between 6 and 11 July, when plants were in the early flower bud growth stages. Larvae fed in the sunflower stalk and moved to the stalk base or root crown to construct overwintering chambers. The seasonal patterns of the weevil’s life stages in 6 years were similar, but population densities varied. Regression equations were developed to predict larval numbers in stalks from number of adults to aid in making control decisions.

Résumé

Le charançon Cylindrocopturus adspersus (LeConte) est nuisible au tournesol cultivé dans les régions de production intense des états du Dakota Nord, du Dakota Sud, du Minnesota et du Texas. Les adultes sont apparus dans les parcelles de tournesol entre le 5 et le 25 juin de 1980 à 1985, alors que les plants avaient entre 4 et 14 feuilles. La ponte a commencé peu après l’arrivée des adultes et s’est poursuivie jusqu’à tard en août. Les densités maximales d’oeufs et d’adultes ont été observées simultanément à la mi-juillet. Les larves ont éclos entre le 6 et le 11 juillet, alors que les plants étaient aux stades initiaux de croissance des bourgeons floraux. Les larves se nourrissaient dans la tige du tournesol, se déplaçant vers la base de la tige et la couronne des racines pour y construire un abri d’hivernement. Le patron saisonnier de succession des stades du cycle vital est resté similaire durant les 6 ans, alors que les densités de population variaient. Des équations de régression sont proposées pour prévoir les nombres de larves dans les tiges à partir des nombres d’adultes, afin d’assister les prises de décisions.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 119 , Issue 12 , December 1987 , pp. 1131 - 1137
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1987

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