Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-qxdb6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-25T07:03:57.730Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

SEASONAL ABUNDANCE OF FOLIAGE-DWELLING INSECT PESTS IN COMMERCIAL FIELDS AND INSECTICIDE-FREE PLOTS OF POTATO IN MANITOBA

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

D.G. Senanayake  and
N.J. Holliday
D.G. Senanayake
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
N.J. Holliday*
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
*
2Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Patterns of seasonal abundance of Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), potato flea beetle, Epitrix cucumeris (Harris), potato leafhopper, Empoasca fabae (Harris), and aphids on potato cv. Norland are reported for the 1983–1985 growing seasons in southern Manitoba. Each year, Colorado potato beetles and potato flea beetles underwent one generation on the crop. There were two peaks of leafhopper abundance in 1983 and 1984, but only one was evident in 1985. Aphid populations rose to a single peak in August of each year.

In experimental plots in the absence of insecticides, Colorado potato beetles completely defoliated plants in two seasons out of the three. In commercial fields, insecticide sprays applied in July and early August greatly reduced populations of Colorado potato beetles for the rest of the season, and there was no defoliation at harvest. Insecticides had less effect on potato flea beetle populations. Leafhopper and aphid populations were small at the time of spraying.

Résumé

Un compte-rendu est présenté pour les saisons de croissance 1983–1985, dans le sud du Manitoba, sur les patrons d’abondance saisonnière du doryphore de la pomme de terre, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), de l’altise de la pomme de terre, Epitrix cucumeris (Harris), de la cicadelle de la pomme de terre, Empoasca fabae (Harris), et des aphides de la pomme de terre cv. Norland. Chaque année la récolte a supporté une génération de doryphores et d’altises de la pomme de terre. En 1983 et 1984, il y eu deux points d’abondance de la citadelle, mais seulement un fut évident en 1985. Les populations d’aphides s’élevèrent à un point unique en août de chaque année.

Lors de l’absence d’insecticides dans les terrains expérimentaux, le doryphore de la pomme de terre a complètement défeuillé les plantes en deux saisons sur trois. Dans les champs commerciaux, les vaporisations d’insecticide appliqué en juillet et au début d’août ont grandement réduit les populations du doryphore de la pomme de terre pour le reste de la saison, et il n’y avait aucune défeuillaison lors de la récolte. Les insecticides avaient moins d’effet sur les populations d’altise de la pomme de terre. Les populations de cicadelle de la pomme de terre et d’aphides étaient nombreuses au moment de la vaporisation.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 121 , Issue 3 , March 1989 , pp. 253 - 265
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1989

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Anderson, L.D. 1934. The life history and control of the potato flea beetle, Epitrix cucumeris Harris, on the eastern shore of Virginia. J. econ. Ent. 27: 102–106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anonymous. 1986. Vegetable Crop Production Guide. Manitoba Agric. Agdex 250–32.Google Scholar
Blackman, R.L., and Eastop, V.F.. 1984. Aphids on the World's Crops: An Identification Guide. Wiley, Chichester.Google Scholar
Byerley, K.F., Gutierrez, A.P., Jones, R.E., and Luck, R.F.. 1978. A comparison of sampling methods for some arthropod populations in cotton. Hilgardia 46: 257–282.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cancelado, R.E., and Radcliffe, E.B.. 1979. Action thresholds for potato leafhopper on potatoes in Minnesota. J. econ. Ent. 72: 566–569.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cannon, F.M. 1949. Potato flea beetle. Can. Dept. Agric. Processed Publ. 94.Google Scholar
Cole, T.V. 1951. Potato insects and their control in Manitoba. M.Sc. thesis, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg. 197 pp.Google Scholar
Cranshaw, W.S., and Radcliffe, E.B.. 1980. Effect of defoliation on yield of potatoes. J. econ. Ent. 73: 131–134.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cutter, E.G. 1978. Structure and development of the potato plant. pp. 70–152in Harris, P.M. (Ed.), The Potato Crop. Chapman and Hall, London.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
DeLong, D.M. 1971. The bionomics of leafhoppers. A. Rev. Ent. 16: 179–210.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dunlop, S., and Shaykewich, C.F.. 1982. Southern Manitoba's climate and agriculture. Manitoba Agriculture, Winnipeg.Google Scholar
Environment Canada. 1983. Monthly record of meteorological observation in Canada. Atmospheric Environment Station, Winnipeg.Google Scholar
Environment Canada. 1984. Monthly record of meteorological observation in Canada. Atmospheric Environment Station, Winnipeg.Google Scholar
Environment Canada. 1985. Monthly record of meteorological observation in Canada. Atmospheric Environment Station, Winnipeg.Google Scholar
Gentner, L.G. 1944. The black flea beetles of the genus Epitrix commonly identified as cucumeris (Harris) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Proc. ent. Soc. Wash. 46: 137–149.Google Scholar
Gibson, A., Gorham, R.P., Hudson, H.F., and Flock, J.A.. 1925. The Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say) in Canada. Can. Dept. Agric. Bull. 52. New Series.Google Scholar
Hanson, A.J. 1933. The potato flea beetles Epitrix cucumeris Harris Epitrix subcrinita Leconte. State Coll. Wash. Agric. Exp. Sta. Bull. 280.Google Scholar
Hare, J.D. 1980. Impact of defoliation by the Colorado potato beetle on potato yields. J. econ. Ent. 73: 369–373.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hill, R.E., and Tate, H.D.. 1942. Life history and habits of the potato flea beetle in Western Nebraska. J. econ. Ent. 35: 879–884.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hofmaster, R.N. 1956. Flea beetle control on Irish potatoes in Eastern Virginia. J. econ. Ent. 49: 530–533.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holliday, N.J., and Parry, R.H.. 1987. Colorado potato beetle control: ecology and management. pp. 77–98in Boiteau, G., Singh, R.P., and Parry, R.H. (Eds.), Potato Pest Management in Canada. Proceedings of a Symposium on Improving Potato Pest Protection, Fredericton, 1987.Google Scholar
Jansson, R.K., and Smilowitz, Z.. 1985. Influence of potato plant phenology on the population dynamics of the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Homoptera: Aphididae). Environ. Ent. 14: 7–11.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johannsen, O.A. 1913. Potato flea beetle (Epitrix cucumeris). Maine Agric. Exp. Sta. Orono Bull. 211.Google Scholar
Kelleher, J.S. 1966. The parasite Doryphorophaga doryphorae (Diptera: Tachinidae) in relation to populations of the Colorado potato beetle in Manitoba. Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 59: 1059–1061.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McEwen, F.L., Ritcey, G., and McGraw, R.. 1975. Insect control on potatoes in Ontario. Pestic. Res. Rep. 1975: 129–134.Google Scholar
McGillivray, M.E. 1979. Aphids infesting potatoes in Canada: life cycle and field key. Agric. Can. Publ. 1678.Google Scholar
Medler, J.T. 1957. Migration of the potato leafhopper — a report on a cooperative study. J. econ. Ent. 50: 493–497.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moorby, J. 1978. The physiology of growth and tuber yield. pp. 153–194in Harris, P.M. (Ed.), The Potato Crop. Chapman and Hall, London.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peterson, A.G., Bates, J.D., and Saini, R.S.. 1969. Spring dispersal of some leafhoppers and aphids. J. Minn. Acad. Sci. 35: 98–102.Google Scholar
Radcliffe, E.B. 1982. Insect pests on potato. A. Rev. Ent. 27: 173–204.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Riley, C.V. 1876. Eighth Annual Report on the Noxious, Beneficial, and Other Insects of the State of Missouri. Regan and Carter, Jefferson City, MO.Google Scholar
Riley, C.V. 1877. Ninth Annual Report on the Noxious, Beneficial, and Other Insects of the State of Missouri. Regan and Carter, Jefferson City, MO.Google Scholar
Ritcey, G., McEwen, F.L., and McGraw, R.. 1981. Insect control on potatoes. Pestic. Res. Rep. 1981: 90.Google Scholar
Ritcey, G., McEwen, F.L., and McGraw, R.. 1982. Insect control on potatoes. Pestic. Res. Rep. 1982: 143.Google Scholar
Ritcey, G., McEwen, F.L., and McGraw, R.. 1983. Insect control on potatoes. Pestic. Res. Rep. 1983: 132.Google Scholar
Ritcey, G., and McEwen, F.L.. 1984. Insect control on potatoes. Pestic. Res. Rep. 1984: 153.Google Scholar
Senanayake, D.G. 1987. Seasonal abundance and economic injury levels for defoliators of potato in Manitoba. Ph.D. thesis, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg. 160 pp.Google Scholar
Senanayake, D.G., and Holliday, N.J.. 1988. Comparison of visual, sweep-net, and whole plant bag sampling methods for estimating insect pest populations. J. econ. Ent. 81: 1113–1119.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taylor, C.E. 1955. Growth of the potato plant and aphid colonization. Ann. appl. Biol. 43: 151–156.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thompson, L.S. 1987. The control of potato flea beetles, leafhoppers, wireworms, and white grubs. pp. 99–111in Boiteau, G., Singh, R.P., and Parry, R.H. (Eds.), Potato Pest Management in Canada. Proceedings of a Symposium on Improving Potato Pest Protection, Fredericton, 1987.Google Scholar