Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-dfsvx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T03:09:19.840Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

MONITORING FOR RESISTANCE TO ORGANOPHOSPHORUS, CARBAMATE, AND PYRETHROID INSECTICIDES IN THE ORIENTAL FRUIT MOTH (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

L.H.B. Kanga ,
D.J. Pree ,
J.L. van Lier  and
G.M. Walker
L.H.B. Kanga
Affiliation:
Southern Crop Protection and Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Vineland Station, Ontario, Canada LOR 2E0
D.J. Pree
Affiliation:
Southern Crop Protection and Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Vineland Station, Ontario, Canada LOR 2E0
J.L. van Lier
Affiliation:
Southern Crop Protection and Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Vineland Station, Ontario, Canada LOR 2E0
G.M. Walker
Affiliation:
Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Vineland Station, Ontario, Canada LOR 2E0
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Development of resistance to organophosphorus and carbamate insecticides by the Oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta (Busck), has caused great concern regarding the sustainability of peach production in Ontario, Canada. Thus, a resistance management program was implemented and a procedure was developed to monitor for resistance to insecticides in adult moths. Diagnostic concentrations needed to distinguish susceptible genotypes from resistant individuals were determined to be carbofuran (0.1 μg per vial), carbaryl (1.0 μg per vial), malathion (0.5 μg per vial), and cypermethrin (2.5 μg per vial). Significant survival of field-collected moths to diagnostic concentrations of cypermethrin suggested that resistance to pyrethroids might be widespread. The seasonal patterns of resistance of several Oriental fruit moth populations from the Niagara Peninsula of Ontario indicated a decrease in frequencies of resistance to all insecticides tested from 1996 through 1998. Resistance levels were unstable, thus suggesting that resistance could be successfully managed. Our data confirmed the usefulness of the vial test to monitor for resistance to insecticides in the adult Oriental fruit moth, and provided the basis for the development of a resistance management strategy designed to extend the efficacy of all classes of insecticides used for control.

Résumé

L’apparition des phénomènes de résistance chez la Tordeuse orientale du pêcher, Grapholita molesta (Busck), aux insecticides organophosphorés et carbamates, a engendré des inquiétudes relatives à la production soutenue de pêches à Ontario, Canada. Pour cela, un programme de gestion de la résistance a été mis en place, et une technique pour détecter la résistance au stade imaginal a été développée. Les doses discriminatoires utilisées pour séparer les génotypes sensibles et résistants ont été déterminées comme suit : carbofuran (0,1 μg par fiole), carbaryl (1,0 μg par fiole), malathion (0,5 μg par fiole), et cypermethrine (2,5 μg par fiole). Un pourcentage significatif d’individus testés à la dose discriminatoire de cypermethrine ont survécu, indiquant ainsi que la résistance aux pyréthrinoïdes pourrait être repandue dans la population de cette Tordeuse. Les fluctuations saisonières de la résistance de plusieurs populations de la Tordeuse orientale du pêcher de la Péninsule du Niagara en Ontario, ont révélé une dimunition de la fréquence de la résistance à tous les insecticides testés entre 1996 et 1998. La résistance était instable, par conséquent elle pourrait être gérée. Les données obtenues ont confirmé l’intérêt d’utiliser le test discriminatoire au stade imaginai pour gérer la résistance chez la Tordeuse orientale du pêcher, et ont apporté les éléments de base pour la mise au point de stratégies de gestion de la résistance; lesquelles visent à conserver l’efficacité des toutes les familles d’insecticides utilisées dans les méthodes de lutte.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 131 , Issue 4 , August 1999 , pp. 441 - 450
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1999

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

ffrench-Constant, R.H., Roush, R.T. 1990. Resistance detection and documentation, pp. 4–38in Tabashnik, B.E., Roush, R.T. (Eds.), Pesticide resistance in arthropods. New York: Chapman & HallGoogle Scholar
Kanga, L.H.B., Plapp, F.W. Jr. 1995. Development of a technique to monitor resistance to biodegradable insecticides in field populations of tobacco budworm. Journal of Economic Entomology 88: 487–94Google Scholar
Kanga, L.H.B., Plapp, F.W. Jr, Wall, M.L., Elzen, G.W. 1995. A four year study of resistance to organophosphorus, carbamate, and cyclodiene insecticides in the tobacco budworm in Texas and Arkansas. Southwestern Entomologist 20: 237–46Google Scholar
Kanga, L.H.B., Pree, D.J., van Lier, J.L., Whitty, K.J. 1997. Mechanisms of resistance to organophosphorus and carbamate insecticides in the Oriental fruit moth populations, Grapholita molesta (Busck). Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 59: 11–23Google Scholar
McCutchen, B.F., Plapp, F.W. Jr, Nemec, S.J., Campanhola, C. 1989. Development of diagnostic monitoring techniques for larval pyrethroid resistance for Heliothis spp. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in cotton. Journal of Economic Entomology 82: 1502–7Google Scholar
Philips, J.H.H. 1973. Monitoring for the Oriental fruit moth with synthetic sex pheromone. Environmental Entomology 2: 1039–42Google Scholar
Pree, D.J. 1985. Grapholita molesta. pp. 307–11 in Singh, P., Moore, R.F. (Eds.), Handbook of insect rearing. Vol. 2. Amsterdam: ElsevierGoogle Scholar
Pree, D.J., Kanga, L.H.B., Walker, G.M. 1997. Status of insecticide resistance and a control strategy for Oriental fruit moth resistance in 1997. Canadian Fruit Grower 53: 4–8Google Scholar
Pree, D.J., Whitty, K.J., VanDriel, L.H., Walker, G.M. 1998. Resistance to insecticides in Oriental fruit moth populations (Grapholita molesta) from the Niagara Peninsula of Ontario. The Canadian Entomologist 130: 245–56Google Scholar
Robertson, J.L., Preisler, H.K. 1992. Pesticide bioassays with arthropods. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC PressGoogle Scholar
Roush, R.T., Daly, J.C. 1990. The role of population genetics in resistance research and management. pp. 97–152in Tabashnik, B.E., Roush, R.T. (Eds.), Pesticide resistance in arthropods. New York: Chapman & HallGoogle Scholar
Russell, R.M., Robertson, J.L., Savin, N.E. 1977. POLO: a new computer program for probit analysis. Bulletin of the Entomological Society of America 23: 209–13Google Scholar
Walker, G.M., Kanga, L.H.B., Pree, D.J. 1998. Update on resistance and the control of Oriental fruit moth on peach and nectarine in Ontario. The Tender Fruit Grape Vine 2: 20–22Google Scholar