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Modification of the sex-pheromone communication system associated with organophosphorus-insecticide resistance in the obliquebanded leafroller (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Ashraf M. El-Sayed*
Affiliation:
Southern Crop Protection and Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Vineland Station, Ontario, Canada L0R 2E0
H.M. Fraser
Affiliation:
Southern Crop Protection and Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Vineland Station, Ontario, Canada L0R 2E0
R.M. Trimble
Affiliation:
Southern Crop Protection and Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Vineland Station, Ontario, Canada L0R 2E0
*
1 Author to whom all correspondence should be addressed.

Abstract

The pheromone communication systems of azinphosmethyl-susceptible (susceptible) and azinphosmethyl-resistant (resistant) obliquebanded leafrollers, Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris), from the Niagara Peninsula of Ontario, were compared in the laboratory and field. The pheromone glands of resistant females contained approximately one-half as much (Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate (Z11-14:Ac), (Z)-11-tetradecenol (Z11-14:OH), and (Z)-11-tetradecenal (Z11-14:Al) as the glands of susceptible females. A similar amount of (E)-11-tetradecenyl acetate (E11-14:Ac) was found in the glands of the two types of females. The pheromone effluvium from resistant females contained approximately one-half as much Z11-14:Ac, E11-14:Ac, Z11-14:OH, and Z11-14:Al as the effluvium from susceptible females. The onset and duration of female calling and the effect of age on calling were similar in susceptible and resistant C. rosaceana. In an apple orchard, traps baited with resistant females captured approximately one-half as many marked and released susceptible and resistant males as traps baited with susceptible females. There was no difference in the response of antennae from susceptible and resistant males to synthetic Z11-14:Ac and E11-14:Ac. The antennae of resistant males were less sensitive to Z11-14:OH and Z11-14:Al than the antennae of susceptible males. In a flight tunnel, pheromone-gland extracts from susceptible and resistant females, and calling susceptible and resistant females, were equally attractive to both susceptible and resistant males. In an apple orchard, the rate of capture of marked and released susceptible males was greater than that of resistant males in traps baited with susceptible females, but not in traps baited with resistant females or in traps baited with synthetic pheromone. The reduced ability to locate virgin females suggests that the presence of resistant males in an apple orchard may result in a reduction in the capture of moths in pheromone-baited traps. The reduction in trap catch was likely not caused by resistant females because they were less attractive to males than susceptible females and would therefore, in theory, compete less with traps for males than susceptible females. The differences observed in the pheromone communication systems of susceptible and resistant C. rosaceana are likely pleotropic effects associated with the selection for insecticide resistance.

Résumé

Les systèmes de communications par les phéromones ont été comparés en laboratoire et en nature chez des Tordeuses à bandes obliques, Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris), de la péninsule de Niagara en Ontario, sensibles ou résistantes à l’azinphosméthyle. Chez les femelles résistantes, les glandes à phéromone contiennent environ la moitié des quantités d’acétate de (Z)-11-tétradécényle (Z11-14 : Ac), de (Z)-11-tetradécénol (Z11-14 : OH) et de (Z)-11-tétradécénal (Z11-14 : Al) contenues dans les glandes des femelles sensibles. Des quantités semblables d’acétate de (E)-11-tétradécényle (E11-14 : Ac) ont été trouvées dans les glandes des deux types de femelles. Les effluves de phéromone des femelles résistantes contiennent à peu près la moitié des quantités de Z11-14 : Ac, de E11-14 : Ac, de Z11-14 : OH et de Z11-14 : Al trouvées dans les effluves de phéromone des femelles sensibles. Le déclenchement et la durée de la période d’appel des femelles et les effets de l’âge sur la période d’appel sont semblables chez les tordeuses résistantes et les tordeuses sensibles. Dans une pommeraie, des pièges appâtés de femelles résistantes ont capturé environ deux fois moins de mâles marqués et relâchés, sensibles ou résistants, que les pièges appâtés de femelles sensibles. Il n’y avait pas de différences entre les réactions des antennes au Z11-14 : Ac ou au E11-14 : Ac synthétiques chez les mâles résistants et chez les mâles sensibles. Les antennes des mâles résistants se sont avérées moins sensibles au Z11-14 : OH et au Z11-14 : Al que celles des mâles sensibles. Dans un tunnel de vol, des extraits de glandes à phéromones de femelles sensibles et de femelles résistantes, de même que des femelles sensibles et des femelles résistantes en période d’appel exercent la même attirance pour les mâles sensibles et les mâles résistants. Dans une pommeraie, le taux de capture de mâles sensibles marqués et relâchés a été supérieur au taux de capture de mâles résistants dans les pièges contenant des femelles sensibles, mais pas dans les pièges contenant des femelles résistantes ou garnis de phéromone synthétique. La réduction de la capacité de localiser des femelles vierges semble indiquer que la présence de mâles résistants dans un verger de pommiers peut causer une réduction du nombre de tordeuses capturées dans les pièges garnis de phéromone. La réduction du nombre de captures n’est probablement pas causée par les femelles résistantes, puisque celles-ci ont un pouvoir d’attraction des mâles inférieur à celui des femelles sensibles et devraient théoriquement faire une compétition moins intense aux pièges que les femelles sensibles. Les différences observées entre les systèmes de communication par phéromone des Tordeuses à bandes obliques sensibles et résistantes sont probablement des effets pléotropes associés à la sélection naturelle qui favorise la résistance aux insecticides.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2001

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