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Methods for estimating and modelling spruce budworm development rates at constant temperatures

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 December 2021

A.A. Wardlaw Open the ORCID record for A.A. Wardlaw [Opens in a new window] ,
K. Perrault ,
A.D. Roe Open the ORCID record for A.D. Roe [Opens in a new window] ,
J. Dedes ,
C.L. Irwin ,
C.J.K. MacQuarrie Open the ORCID record for C.J.K. MacQuarrie [Opens in a new window]  and
J.-N. Candau
A.A. Wardlaw
Affiliation:
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, P6A 2E5, Canada
K. Perrault
Affiliation:
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, P6A 2E5, Canada
A.D. Roe
Affiliation:
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, P6A 2E5, Canada
J. Dedes
Affiliation:
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, P6A 2E5, Canada
C.L. Irwin
Affiliation:
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, P6A 2E5, Canada
C.J.K. MacQuarrie
Affiliation:
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, P6A 2E5, Canada
J.-N. Candau*
Affiliation:
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, P6A 2E5, Canada
*
*Corresponding author. Email: Jean.Noel.Candau@gmail.com
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Abstract

We describe an experimental protocol for measuring the response of spruce budworm postdiapause larval development to temperature. This protocol is specifically designed to include measurements of development near their upper and lower thermal thresholds. The application of this protocol to a laboratory colony allowed for the first experimental evidence that spruce budworm larval development occurs at temperatures as low as 5 °C and as high as 35 °C, and it provides data to fit stage-specific development models. Our protocol is also designed to minimise mortality near the thermal development thresholds, thus allowing for multigenerational studies. We observed developmental plasticity in larvae reared at constant temperatures, particularly the occurrence of up to 42% of some individuals requiring only five instars to complete development compared to the expected six instars. The occurrence exhibited no clear relation to temperature. Although this protocol is specifically designed for spruce budworm, it provides a template for the study of other species’ developmental responses to temperature.

Type
Research Paper
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 154 , Issue 1 , 2022 , e9
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Copyright
© The Author(s) and Natural Resources Canada, 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Entomological Society of Canada

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Footnotes

Subject Editor: Barbara Bentz

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