Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-xfwgj Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-22T17:38:39.964Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

INTRODUCTORY STUDIES ON THE USE OF RADIATION IN THE CONTROL OF BLACK FLIES (DIPTERA: SIMULIIDAE)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

H. P. Gross ,
W. F. Baldwin  and
A. S. West
H. P. Gross
Affiliation:
Chalk River Nuclear Laboratories, Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River, Ontario
W. F. Baldwin
Affiliation:
Chalk River Nuclear Laboratories, Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River, Ontario
A. S. West
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

These preliminary investigations of effects of radiation on black flies were undertaken to develop methods of control based on the "sterile-male" technique. Mature black fly larvae were irradiated at various exposures (from 2 kR to 32 kR) and allowed to complete development in aerated stream water in the laboratory. The larvae were preponderantly Simulium venustum Say, determined by inspection of pupae and adults. It was found that percentage pupation following irradiation remained at a fairly constant level (about 93%), whereas emergence from pupae fell from 54% at 2 kR to 0% at 28 kR. Though variable, the percentage emergence of the controls averaged 47%. Adults inspected for radiation damage appeared unchanged at the lower doses, e.g. 2 kR to 6 kR, compared with controls. At higher doses (e.g. 16 kR) the abdominal cavities usually showed a notable decrease in stored fat bodies. The anterior two-thirds of the abdomens were largely devoid of internal organs, many of which, including the ovaries and testes, were found in a degenerate condition at the posterior tip.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 104 , Issue 8 , August 1972 , pp. 1217 - 1222
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1972

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Baldwin, W. F. and Narraway, C. A.. 1957. Interaction of heat and X-rays in killing a chalcid. Nature, Lond. 179: 971–972.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Baldwin, W. F. and Shaver, E. L.. 1963. Radiation-induced sterility in the insect Rhodnius prolixus. Can. J. Zool. 41: 637–648.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baldwin, W. F., Allen, J. R., and Slater, N. S.. 1966. A practical method for the recovery of blackflies labelled with phosphorus-32. Nature, Lond. 212: 959–960.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brockway, A. P. 1955. The effects of X-radiation on larval and pupal stages of the yellow mealworm, Tenebrio molitor Linn. Biol. Bull. mar. biol. Lab., Woods Hole 109: 355.Google Scholar
Bushland, R. C. 1971. Sterility principle for insect control: Historical development and recent innovations. In Sterility principle for insect control or eradication. (Proc. Panel Athens, 1970) IAEA, Vienna, 1971, p. 3–14.Google Scholar
Fredeen, F. J. H. 1959. Rearing black flies in the laboratory (Diptera: Simuliidae). Can. Ent. 91: 73–83.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hocking, B. and Pickering, L. R.. 1954. Observations on the bionomics of some northern species of Simuliidae (Diptera). Can. J. Zool. 32: 99–119.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hooper, G. H. S. 1971. Gamma sterilization of the Mediterranean fruit fly. In Sterility principle for insect control or eradication. Proc. Panel Athens, 1970, IAEA, Vienna. 1971, p. 87–95.Google Scholar
Huque, H. 1971. Effect of gamma radiation on the reproductive organs of Dacus zonatus (Saunders). In Sterility principle for insect control or eradication. Proc. Panel Athens, 1970, IAEA, Vienna. 1971, p. 31–38.Google Scholar
O'Brien, R. D. and Wolfe, L. S.. 1964. Radiation, radioactivity and insects. Academic Press, London and New York.Google Scholar
Patterson, R. S., Weidhaas, D. E., Ford, H. R., and Logren, C. S.. 1971. Suppression and elimination of an island population of Culex pipiens fatigans with sterile males. WHO/ VBC/70. 180. pp. 1–6.Google Scholar
Walker, D. W., Quintana-Muñoz, V., and Padovani, F.. 1971. Effect of gamma radiation on immature sugarcane borers. (Proc. Panel Athens, 1970) IAEA, Vienna, 1971, pp. 513–524.Google Scholar
West, A. S. 1964. Canadian experience in handling black flies under laboratory conditions. Bull. Wld Hlth Org. 31: 487–489.Google Scholar
West, A. S., Baldwin, W. F., and Gomery, J.. 1968. A radioisotopic-sticky trap – auotradiographic technique for studying the dispersal of blackflies. WHO/ONCHO/71. 84, WHO/ VBC/71. 280.Google Scholar
Wiendl, F. M. 1971. Some gamma-irradiation effects on survival, longevity, and reproduction of Zabrotes subfasciatus (Boh.). In Sterility principle for insect control or eradication. (Proc. Panel Athens, 1970) IAEA, Vienna, 1971.Google Scholar
Wood, D. M. and. Davies, D. M.. 1966. Some methods of rearing and collecting black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae). Proc. ent. Soc. Ont. 96: 81–90.Google Scholar
Wright, F. M. 1957. Rearing of Simulium damnosum Theobald (Diptera: Simuliidae) in the laboratory. Nature, Lond. 180: 1059.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed