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THE INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE ON THE EFFICACY OF THREE PYRETHROID INSECTICIDES AGAINST THE GRASSHOPPER, MELANOPLUS SANGUINIPES (FAB.) (ORTHOPTERA: ACRIDIDAE), UNDER LABORATORY CONDITIONS1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

C.F. Hinks
C.F. Hinks
Affiliation:
Research Station, Agriculture Canada, 107 Science Crescent, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, CanadaS7N 0X2
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Abstract

Three pyrethroids, deltamethrin, fenvalerate, and cyfluthrin, were assayed against 2nd-instar nymphs of the grasshopper Melanoplus sanguinipes (Fab.) at 5 dosages and at 5 post-treatment temperatures ranging from 15.6 to 37.8°C. All three showed a negative temperature coefficient of toxicity but there was considerable variation in the pattern of response. Deltamethrin proved to be the most effective and cyfluthrin the least effective, both in terms of the amount of active ingredient required for 90% mortality and in having the lowest negative coefficient, respectively. The extent of the negative temperature coefficient of toxicity was much more pronounced at the LD90 than the LD50. Apparent mortality was recorded at 24, 48, and 72 h post-treatment and with each of the pyrethroids, recovery of some hoppers took place after 24 h. This phenomenon of delayed recovery was greatest at the lower temperatures.

Résumé

On a testé trois pyréthroïdes (deltaméthrine, fenvalérate et cyfluthrine) sur des nymphes de 2e stade larvaire de la sauterelle Melanoplus sanguinipes (Fab.). On a utilisé 5 doses et 5 températures après traitement variant de 15,6 à 37,8 °C. La toxicité des 3 produits a présenté un coefficient de température négatif, mais on a constaté une grande variation dans la réponse. La deltaméthrine s'est révélée le produit le plus efficace tant du point de vue de la quantité d'ingrédient actif nécessaire pour obtenir une mortalité de 90% que du point de vue du coefficient négatif (le plus faible). La cyfluthrine s'est révélée le produit le moins efficace pour ces deux mêmes critières. L'importante du coefficient de température négatif touchant la toxicité était beaucoup plus prononcée dans le cas de la DL90 que dans celui de la DL50. La mortalité apparente a été enregistrée 24, 48 et 72 h après le traitement. Dans le cas des 3 pyréthroïdes, on a noté le rétablissement de certaines sauterelles après 24 h. Ce phénomène de rétablissement était plus important aux températures les plus faibles.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 117 , Issue 8 , August 1985 , pp. 1007 - 1012
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1985

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