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INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE AND MOISTURE ON BLACK CUTWORM (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) DEVELOPMENT AND REPRODUCTION1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

T. L. Archer ,
G. L. Musick  and
R. L. Murray
T. L. Archer
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, Ohio 4469l
G. L. Musick
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, Ohio 4469l
R. L. Murray
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, Ohio 4469l
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Abstract

Influence of temperature and moisture on black cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel), development and reproduction was studied on field corn. The black cutworm spends portions of its life above and below soil, consequently influence of temperature and soil moisture and temperature and relative humidity (R.H.) was determined. Temperatures of 34°, 27°, and 20°C were used with 18%, 24%, and 30% soil moisture and with 40%, 60%, and 80% R.H. In addition, a treatment of 13 °C and 60% R.H. was included.

Temperature was the only factor influencing development of all stages, with 27°C the optimum temperature studied. Soil moisture did not influence larval development, but relative humidity affected the first five instars. Larvae required from 6 to 9 instars to complete development, with temperature and relative humidity affecting the number of molts. Head capsule measurements varied depending on the number of molts required for development. Fecundity was greatest at 27° and 20°C, and at 60% and 80% R.H. The optimum treatment for reproduction and adult survival was 20°C and 80% R.H. Many females failed to lay fertile eggs at 34° and 13°C.

Résumé

L’influence de la température et de l’humidité sur le ver-gris noir Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel) a été étudiée sur le maïs en champ. Le ver-gris noir passe différentes parties de son cycle vital au dessus ou en dessous de la surface du sol et en conséquence, l’influence de la température et de l’humidité du sol, de même que de la température ambiante et de l’humidité relative (HR) a été déterminée. Les températures de 34°, 27° et 20°C ont été choisies, en combinaison avec 18%, 24% et 30% d’humidité pour le sol, et 40%, 60% et 80% d’HR. De plus, un traitement à 13°C et 60% d’HR a été inclus.

La température s’est révélée le seul facteur à affecter le développement à tous les stades, 27°C étant la température optimale étudié. L’humidité du sol n’a pas eu d’influence sur le développement larvaire, mais l’humidité relative a affecté celui des 5 premiers stades. Les larves sont passées par 6 à 9 stades avant de compléter leur développement, la température et l’humidité relative ayant affecté le nombre de mues. Les dimensions de la capsule céphalique ont diminué en fonction du nombre de mues requises pour le développement. La fécondité a été maximale à 27°C et 20°C et à 60% et 80% d’HR. Les conditions optimales pour la reproduction et la survie des adultes ont été 20°C et 80% d’HR. A 34° et 13°C, plusieurs femelles n’ont pu pondre d’œufs fertiles.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 112 , Issue 7 , 01 July 1980 , pp. 665 - 673
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1980

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