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INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE AND LARVAL DENSITY ON FLIGHT PERFORMANCE OF DIABROTICA VIRGIFERA VIRGIFERA LECONTE (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Steven E. Naranjo
Steven E. Naranjo
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, Northern Grain Insects Research Laboratory, RR #3, Brookings, South Dakota, USA 57006
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Abstract

The influence of temperature and larval density on the flight performance of Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte was quantified in the laboratory using a tethered flight system. Temperature had a significant influence on trivial flight performance in males and in both young (5 day) and older (25 day) females. The proportion of beetles undertaking trivial flight, and trivial flight duration and frequency peaked at temperatures around 20–25°C. Generally, males were more active than females at lower temperatures. Female beetles did not display sustained flight behavior at 15 or 35°C and males did not undertake sustained flight at 30 or 35°C. Sustained flight duration was unaffected by temperature. Rearing larvae at different densities influenced adult size but had only subtle effects on adult flight performance. Larval density significantly influenced trivial flight duration and frequency of older females and flight frequency of males but had no effect on young females. In general, trivial flight performance peaked when larvae were reared at moderate densities (500–750 per primary rearing container). In young females the propensity for sustained flight, but not flight duration, declined with increasing larval density.

Résumé

L’influence de la température et de la densité larvaire sur l’exécution de vol des adultes de Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte a été évaluée quantitativement en utilisant un système attaché du vol. La température a eu une influence importante sur l’exécution du vol banal pour les mâles, et pour les femelles âgées de 5 jours et celles âgées de 25 jours, toutes les deux. La proportion d’adultes qui a entrepris le vol banal, et la durée et fréquence de ce vol ont atteint les maximums aux températures autour 20–25°C. Généralement, les mâles ont été plus actifs que les femelles aux basses températures. Les adultes du sexe féminin n’ont pas présenté le vol soutenu à 15 ou à 35°C et les mâles n’ont pas entrepris le vol soutenu à 30 ou à 35°C. La durée du vol soutenu n’a pas été touchée par la température. L’élevage des larves à des densités différentes a eu une influence sur la grosseur des adultes, mais n’a eu que des effets subtiles sur l’exécution du vol par ceux-ci. La densité larvaire a eu une influence importante en ce qui concerne la durée du vol banal et la fréquence de vol des femelles âgées, et la fréquence du vol de mâles, mais a été sans effet en ce qui concerne les jeunes femelles. Par l’habitude, l’exécution du vol banal a atteint son maximum quand les larves avaient été élevées dans une densité modérée (500–750 par bac d’élevage primaire). Dans le cas de jeunes femelles, la tendance naturelle du vol soutenu a diminué en mesure que la densité larvaire a augmenté, ce qui n’a pas été le cas pour la durée du vol.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 123 , Issue 1 , February 1991 , pp. 187 - 196
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1991

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