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Field growth traits and insect-host plant interactions of two transgenic canola (Brassicaceae) lines with elevated trichome numbers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 May 2016

U. Alahakoon ,
J. Adamson ,
L. Grenkow ,
J. Soroka ,
P. Bonham-Smith  and
M. Gruber
U. Alahakoon
Affiliation:
Saskatoon Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 0X2, Canada Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 112 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5E2, Canada
J. Adamson
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Science, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5A8, Canada
L. Grenkow
Affiliation:
Saskatoon Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 0X2, Canada
J. Soroka*
Affiliation:
Saskatoon Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 0X2, Canada
P. Bonham-Smith
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 112 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5E2, Canada
M. Gruber
Affiliation:
Saskatoon Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 0X2, Canada
*
3Corresponding author (e-mail: Julie.Soroka@agr.gc.ca).
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Abstract

Plant growth and insect resistance characteristics were determined for two Brassica napus Linnaeus (Brassicaceae) lines, AtGL3+ and K-5-8, developed for enhanced trichome densities relative to their parental cultivar Westar. In the field, both transgenic lines had glabrous cotyledons that curled upwards at emergence but flattened with time, and young leaves with elevated trichome density. Flea beetle (Phyllotreta cruciferae (Goeze) and Phyllotreta striolata (Fabricius); Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) feeding was reduced on true leaves of both lines by 30–50% compared with insecticide-free Westar. Flea beetle feeding levels on cotyledons of the two hairy-leaved lines were lower than on unprotected Westar and similar to those seen on insecticide-treated Westar. Antixenosis and antibiosis resistance was observed when diamondback moths (Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus); Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) interacted with the hairy AtGL3+ and K-5-8 lines in the laboratory. Although the numbers of eggs laid by female diamondback moths on the transformed lines were similar to or higher than on Westar, in feeding bioassays larvae moved off AtGL3+ plants and larval feeding injury decreased on the transformed lines compared with Westar leaves. No agronomic or seed yield penalties were found for plants of K-5-8. These data highlight the utility of manipulating trichome regulatory genes to increase plant resistance against brassicaceous insect pests.

Type
Insect Management
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 148 , Issue 5 , October 2016 , pp. 603 - 615
Copyright
© Her Majesty the Queen by Right of Canada 2016 

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Footnotes

Subject Editor: Kevin Floate

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