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EVALUATION OF COMMERCIALLY PRODUCED TRICHOGRAMMA SPP. (HYMENOPTERA: TRICHOGRAMMATIDAE) FOR CONTROL OF TOMATO PINWORM, KEIFERIA LYCOPERSICELLA (LEPIDOPTERA: GELECHIIDAE), ON GREENHOUSE TOMATOES

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

J.L. Shipp ,
K. Wang  and
G. Ferguson
J.L. Shipp*
Affiliation:
Greenhouse and Processing Crops Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Harrow, Ontario, Canada, N0R 1G0
K. Wang
Affiliation:
Greenhouse and Processing Crops Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Harrow, Ontario, Canada, N0R 1G0
G. Ferguson
Affiliation:
Greenhouse and Processing Crops Research Centre, Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Harrow, Ontario, Canada, N0R 1G0
*
1 Author to whom all correspondence should be addressed.
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Abstract

Studies were conducted to evaluate the ability of six commercially available species of Trichogramma to parasitize eggs of tomato pinworm (TPW), Keiferia lycopersicella (Walsingham), and their potential use for biological control of TPW eggs. Of the six species, Trichogramma pretiosum Riley and Trichogramma brassicae Bezdenk parasitized the most TPW eggs (40–50%). Further studies assessed the effectiveness of T. pretiosum and T. brassicae as biological control agents for TPW eggs under controlled environmental conditions which simulated conditions that could be found during the greenhouse crop production season. Trichogramma pretiosum caused significantly higher mortality of TPW eggs than did T. brassicae at all parasitoid to host egg (P:H) ratios. Mortality caused by host feeding and stinging increased significantly with increasing P:H ratios for both species. Parasitism by T. pretiosum on TPW eggs was reduced significantly and mortality caused by feeding and stinging increased significantly at 28 °C, compared with those at 20 and 25 °C. No differences were found in parasitoid-induced mortality when T. pretiosum were offered 1-, 2-, or 3-day-old TPW eggs, but parasitoid-induced mortality was reduced significantly when parasitoids were offered 4- and 5-day-old TPW eggs. Based on these trials, a P:H ratio of between 1:1 and 10:1 is recommended for inundative releases of T. pretiosum for control of TPW on greenhouse tomatoes.

Résumé

Des recherches ont été entreprises pour évaluer la capacité de six espèces commerciales de Trichogramma à parasiter les oeufs de la Mineuse de la tomate, Keiferia lycopersicella (Walsingham), et déterminer leur utilité comme agents de lutte biologique contre les oeufs de la mineuse. Parmi les six espèces, deux, T. pretiosum Riley et T. brassicae Bezdenk, ont parasité plus d’oeufs que les autres (40–50%). D’autres tests ont été mis au point pour évaluer l’efficacité de ces deux espèces comme agents biologiques de lutte contre les oeufs de la mineuse dans des conditions contrôlées simulant les conditions qui prévalent en serre durant la saison des tomates. Trichogramma pretiosum entraîne une mortalité significativement plus élevée des oeufs que T. brassicae, quel que soit le rapport parasitoïdes/oeufs de l’hôte (P : H). Une augmentation du rapport P : H pour les deux espèces de parasites augmente significativement la mortalité causée par l’alimentation ou par les piqûres chez l’hôte. Le parasitisme de T. pretiosum sur les oeufs de la mineuse diminue significativement et la mortalité due à l’alimentation et aux piqûres augmente significativement si la température est de 28 °C plutôt que de 20 ou 25 °C. Nous n’avons pas constaté de différences dans la mortalité causée par les parasitoïdes lorsque les T. pretiosum sont mis en présence d’oeufs de la mineuse de 1, 2, ou 3 jours, mais cette mortalité diminue significativement lorsque les oeufs offerts ont 4 ou 5 jours. D’après ces données, un rapport P : H entre 1 : 1 et 10 : 1 est recommandé lors de relâchements massifs de T. pretiosum pour fins de lutte biologique contre la Mineuse de la tomate en serre.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 130 , Issue 5 , October 1998 , pp. 721 - 731
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1998

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