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EFFECTS OF THE POTATO APHID MACROSIPHUM EUPHORBIAE (THOMAS) (HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE) ON OILSEED FLAX, AND STAGE-SPECIFIC THRESHOLDS FOR CONTROL1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

I.L. Wise ,
R.J. Lamb  and
E.O. Kenaschuk
I.L. Wise
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Research Station, 195 Dafoe Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2M9
R.J. Lamb
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Research Station, 195 Dafoe Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2M9
E.O. Kenaschuk
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Research Station, 195 Dafoe Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2M9
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Abstract

The potato aphid, Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas), infests oilseed flax, Linum usitatissimum L., when the crop is flowering and developing seeds. Field studies in cages, open plots, and commercial fields showed that the aphid can cause yield losses of 20% or more, but reduces the weight of individual seeds only slightly and has no effect on oil quality. A single application of a foliar insecticide at full bloom or the green boll stage will control the potato aphid until harvest. The yield loss of flax is 0.021 t/ha per aphid per plant for crops sampled at full bloom and 0.008 t/ha per aphid per plant for crops sampled at the green boll stage. The economic threshold for the potato aphid in flax is three aphids per plant at full bloom and eight aphids per plant at the green boll stage, based on crop prices and control costs from 1990 to 1992. Aphids should be controlled as soon as the economic threshold is exceeded. If control is not warranted at full bloom, aphid densities should be assessed again at the green boll stage. The effective use of growth-stage-specific sampling and economic thresholds will maximize the benefits of insecticide use for producers and minimize unnecessary or ineffectively timed applications.

Résumé

Le Puceron de la pomme de terre, Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas) infeste les champs de lin Linum usitatissimum L. au cours de la floraison et du développement des graines. Des expériences au moyen de cages sur le terrain, dans des terrains ouverts et dans des cultures commerciales, ont démontré que l’insecte peut entraîner des pertes de plus de 20% de la récolte, mais ne réduit que très peu la masse des graines et n’affecte pas la qualité de l’huile. Une application unique d’un insecticide foliaire au moment de la floraison ou au moment où les capsules des graines sont vertes peut maîtriser les infestations jusqu’à la récolte. Les pertes sont évaluées à 0,021 t/ha par puceron par plant lorsque les échantillonnages ont lieu au plus fort de la floraison, et de 0,008 t/ha par puceron par plant lorsque les échantillons sont recueillis au moment où les capsules des graines sont encore vertes. Le seuil économique est de trois pucerons par plant à la floraison maximale et de huit pucerons par plant lorsque les capsules sont vertes; ces chiffres sont basés sur la valeur marchande des récoltes et sur les coûts reliés au contrôle tels qu’évalués au cours de la période 1990–1992. Les pucerons devraient être traités aussitôt que le seuil économique est dépassé. Si le contrôle s’avère superflu au moment de la floraison maximale, la densité des pucerons devraint être évaluée de nouveau au moment où les capsules sont vertes. La planification de l’échantillonnage en fonction du stade de développement et des seuils économiques maximise les effets bénéfiques des insecticides et minimise les risques d’applications superflues ou mal synchronisées.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 127 , Issue 2 , April 1995 , pp. 213 - 224
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1995

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