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EFFECT OF TEMPORAL FACTORS ON REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION BETWEEN CHORISTONEURA OCCIDENTALIS AND C. RETINIANA (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Andrew M. Liebhold  and
W. Jan A. Volney
Andrew M. Liebhold
Affiliation:
Division of Entomology and Parasitology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
W. Jan A. Volney
Affiliation:
Division of Entomology and Parasitology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
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Abstract

The seasonal distributions of Choristoneura occidentalis Freeman and C. retiniana (Walsingham) males attracted to pheromone sources overlapped considerably at two sites in south-central Oregon. Bimodality in the seasonal distributions of trapped males of both species was associated with a period of cool weather. The daily periods of female calling, and attraction of males to female-baited traps and to chemically baited traps overlapped greatly between the two species. However, these three aspects of C. occidentalis mating behavior began 1–2 h before those of C. retiniana. Under laboratory conditions, there was also considerable overlap in the calling periods of the two species; but again, C. occidentalis females initiated calling slightly earlier than did female C. retiniana. Females of both species continued to call many hours past the cessation of male attraction to pheromones in the field. Male attraction to pheromones occurred earlier on cool evenings than on warm evenings. Laboratory studies indicated a similar effect of temperature on timing of female calling. Little intraspecific variation in calling periodicity was observed among field-collected populations of each species. However, a C. occidentalis laboratory colony appeared to have partially lost its circadian rhythm of calling.

Résumé

Les distributions saisonnières des captures des mâles de Choristoneura occidentalis Freeman et de C. retiniana (Walsingham) piégés à l'aide de sources de phéromone se chevauchaient considérablement à deux endroits du centre méridional de l'Oregon. La bimodalité des distributions saisonnières des mâles piégés des deux espèces était attribuable à une période de température fraîche. Les périodes journalières d'appel des femelles et d'attraction des mâles à des pièges appâtés de femelles et à des pièges appâtés chimiquement chevauchaient beaucoup entre les deux espèces. Cependant ces 3 types d'activité du comportement reproducteur ont commencé 1 à 2 heures plus tôt chez C. occidentalis que chez C. retiniana. Au laboratoire, un chevauchement considérable des périodes d'appel des deux espèces a aussi été observé; cependant, les femelles de C. occidentalis ont à nouveau débuté l'appel un peu plus tôt que celles de C. retiniana. Les femelles des deux espèces ont continué d'appeler plusieurs heures après qu'eût cessé l'attraction des mâles par les phéromones sur le terrain. L'attraction des mâles par les phéromones a eu lieu plus tôt lors des soirées fraîches que lors des soirées chaudes. Des études de laboratoire ont indiqué un effet semblable de la température sur la chronologie de l'appel des femelles. On a observé peu de variation intraspécifique de la périodicité de l'appel entre des populations de terrain de chaque espèce. Cependant, une population de C. occidentalis a semblé avoir perdu partiellement son rythme circadien d'appel.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 116 , Issue 7 , July 1984 , pp. 991 - 1005
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1984

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