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Ecological applications of pheromone trapping of Malacosoma disstria and Choristoneura conflictana

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2012

Brad C. Jones  and
Maya L. Evenden
Brad C. Jones*
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences, CW 405, Biological Sciences Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E9
Maya L. Evenden
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences, CW 405, Biological Sciences Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E9
*
1Corresponding author (e-mail: bcjones@ualberta.ca).
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Abstract

The forest tent caterpillar, Malacosoma disstria Hübner (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae), and large aspen tortrix, Choristoneura conflictana (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), are important pests of trembling aspen, Populus tremuloides Michx. (Salicaceae), in western Canada. Populations of both species can be monitored with sex pheromone-baited traps as part of an integrated pest management program. Moths captured in pheromone traps can also be used for ecological studies. Captured males of each species were examined to test the effect of population density, geographic region, and collection date on moth quality. Moth quality was assessed on the basis of wing area and level of infection with microsporidian parasites. The level of microsporidian infection of M. disstria was strongly dependent on geographic region but not on population density. Male M. disstria from high-density populations had smaller wings than males from endemic populations. Wing area of male M. disstria decreased throughout the flight period. Neither collection date nor microsporidian infection level affected wing area of male C. conflictana. Collection date also did not affect the level of microsporidian infection of C. conflictana. These data support pheromone trapping as a tool to detect microsporidian infections and examine their temporal and density-dependent effects on wing size in M. disstria and C. conflictana populations.

Résumé

La livrée des forêts, Malacosoma disstria Hübner (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae), et la tordeuse du tremble, Choristoneura conflictana (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), sont d’importants ravageurs du tremble, Populus tremuloides Michx. (Salicaceae), dans l’ouest du Canada. Il est possible de suivre les populations des deux espèces au moyen de pièges munis de phéromones sexuelles dans le cadre d’un programme de lutte intégrée (IPM). On peut aussi utiliser les papillons récoltés dans des pièges pour des études écologiques. Nous avons examiné des mâles de chacune des espèces capturés dans les pièges pour vérifier l’effet de la densité de population, de la région géographique et de la date de récolte sur la qualité des papillons. La qualité des papillons se mesure par la surface alaire et le degré d’infection par les microsporidies parasites. Le degré d’infection aux microsporidies chez M. disstria est fortement dépendant de la région géographique, mais non de la densité de population. Les mâles de M. disstria des populations de forte densité ont les ailes plus petites que ceux des populations endémiques. La surface alaire des mâles de M. disstria diminue au cours de la période de vol. Ni la date de récolte, ni le degré d’infection par les microsporidies n’affectent la taille de l’aile chez les mâles de C. conflictana. La date de récolte n’affecte pas non plus le degré d’infection par les microsporidies chez C. conflictana. Ces données valident l’utilisation des pièges à phéromones comme outils pour déceler les infections à microsporidies et elles mettent en lumière les effets temporels et les effets dépendants de la densité sur la taille des ailes dans les populations de M. disstria et de C. conflictana.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 140 , Issue 5 , October 2008 , pp. 573 - 581
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2008

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