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DIAPAUSE INDUCTION AND OVERWINTERING STAGE IN THE FIR CONEWORM (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Richard Trudel ,
Éric Bauce ,
Claude Guertin  and
Jean Cabana
Richard Trudel*
Affiliation:
Centre de recherche en biologie forestière, Département de foresterie et géomatique, Université Laval, Sainte-Foy, Québec, Canada G1K 7P4
Éric Bauce
Affiliation:
Centre de recherche en biologie forestière, Département de foresterie et géomatique, Université Laval, Sainte-Foy, Québec, Canada G1K 7P4
Claude Guertin
Affiliation:
Institut Armand-Frappier, Centre de recherche en virologie, Laval, Québec, Canada H7N 423
Jean Cabana
Affiliation:
Ministère des Ressources naturelles du Québec, Direction de la recherche forestière, Sainte-Foy, Québec, Canada G1P 3W8
*
1 Author to whom all correspondence should be addressed (E-mail: trudelr@microtec.net).
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Abstract

A laboratory experiment was conducted to identify the overwintering stage of the fir coneworm, Dioryctria abietivorella (Grote), in eastern Canada and determine the influence of photoperiod on diapause induction. In another experiment, different developmental stages were exposed to field conditions to evaluate their capacity to survive the overwintering period. Insects were either placed in the duff or exposed to ambient (above ground) conditions to assess the importance of overwintering site on winter survival. Exposure of the fir coneworm to constant short-days or a daily decreasing photoperiod during larval development induced almost all insects to initiate diapause at the fifth instar. Third-, fourth-, and fifth-instar larvae survived the overwintering period when placed in the duff. Because the fir coneworm must leave its host tree and drop to the ground to avoid rigorous winter conditions, we concluded that only fifth-instar larvae could resume development in spring using such a strategy.

Résumé

Une expérience a été réalisée afin d’identifier le stade diapausant de la pyrale des cônes du sapin, Dioryctria abietivorella (Grote), dans l’est du Canada. Au cours de cette expérience, nous avons vérifié l’influence de la photopériode sur l’induction de la diapause en utilisant différentes combinaisons de photopériodes. Au cours d’une autre expérience, différents stades de développement de D. abietivorella ont été exposés aux conditions de terrain afin de vérifier leur capacité de résister au froid durant la période d’hivernation. Une partie des insectes a été placé au sol tandis que l’autre moitié a été exposée à l’air afin de vérifier l’importance du site d’hivernation sur la survie hivernale. L’exposition constante de la pyrale des cônes du sapin à de courtes photophases ainsi que la diminution quotidienne de la photopériode durant le développement larvaire ont induit les insectes à entrer en diapause au cinquième stade larvaire. Cependant, les troisièmes, quatrièmes et cinquièmes stades larvaires ont survécu à la période d’hivernation lorsque placés au niveau de la litière. Puisque la pyrale des cônes du sapin doit quitter son hôte et se laisser choir au sol pour éviter les conditions hivernales rigoureuses, nous avons conclu que seule la larve de cinquième stade pouvait compléter son développement rendu au printemps en utilisant une telle stratégie.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 131 , Issue 6 , December 1999 , pp. 779 - 786
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1999

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