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BORNEOL AS AN ATTRACTANT FOR CYZENIS ALBICANS, A TACHINID PARASITOID OF THE WINTER MOTH, OPEROPHTERA BRUMATA L. (LEPIDOPTERA: GEOMETRIDAE)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Jens Roland ,
Keith E. Denford  and
Luis Jimenez
Jens Roland
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E9
Keith E. Denford
Affiliation:
Faculty of Science, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada S4S 0A2
Luis Jimenez
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
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Abstract

Volatile compounds were isolated and identified from a crude extract of garry oak, Quercus garryana, foliage which was known to be attractive to the tachinid fly Cyzenis albicans. Candidate compounds were identified by the combined use of gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, and infra-red spectroscopy. Specific oak-leaf volatiles were field-tested in 2 different years in an apple orchard. Compounds were applied singly or in combination to individual apple trees; the number of C. albicans entering the canopy of each tree was observed and the number of eggs they oviposited on foliage was estimated. Borneol was the only compound that attracted flies when compared with the other treatments, but this did not result in more fly eggs being oviposited on borneol-treated trees. None of the compounds tested resulted in a greater number of Cyzenis eggs being oviposited. A greater abundance of borneol in oak foliage than in apple foliage, and its attractiveness to C. albicans, may explain the aggregation of flies in response to feeding-damage among oak trees and the absence of this pattern among apple trees.

Résumé

Les substances volatiles ont été isolées et identifiées dans un extrait brut du Chêne de Garry, Quercus garryana, dont le feuillage attire la mouche tachinide Cyzenis albicans. Les substances présumées attirantes ont été identifiées par la combinaison de deux méthodes, chromatographie en phase gazeuse–spectrométrie de masse, et par spectroscopie infra-rouge. Les substances volatiles spécifiques aux feuilles du chêne ont servi au cours de tests en nature dans un verger de pommiers pendant 2 années. Les substances ont été vaporisées une à une ou en combinaisons à des pommiers choisis; le nombre de C. albicans qui ont envahi le feuillage de chacun des arbres a été enregistré et le nombre d’oeufs qu’ils ont pondus sur le feuillage a été estimé. Parmi les substances testées, seul le bornéol s’est avéré posséder des propriétés attirantes, mais il n’y avait pas plus d’oeufs pondus sur les pommiers traités au bornéol que sur les autres pommiers. Aucune des substances n’a provoqué de pontes plus importantes de Cyzenis sur les pommiers. L’abondance de bornéol plus grande dans le feuillage des chênes que dans le feuillage des pommiers et son pouvoir d’attraction sur C. albicans explique sans doute les infestations de tachinides dans les chênes déjà endommagés par l’alimentation des insectes et l’absence de telles infestations dans les pommiers.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 127 , Issue 3 , June 1995 , pp. 413 - 421
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1995

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