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Bionomics of Scolytus schevyrewi (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Saskatchewan and Manitoba, Canada
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 13 March 2020
Abstract
The invasive alien Scolytus schevyrewi Semenov (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) was detected in Saskatchewan and Manitoba, Canada, in 2007. Because S. schevyrewi is a potential vector of the Dutch elm disease pathogen (Ophiostomanovo-ulmi Brasier; Fungi: Ophiostomataceae), the natural history of the beetle was studied from 2009 to 2012 in the two provinces, where the disease is managed to protect Ulmus americana Linnaeus (Ulmaceae). Typically, healthy trees become infected when their xylem is contacted during feeding by spore-bearing scolytine adults that have flown from a diseased tree; adults emerging from brood galleries in diseased trees frequently carry spores. We caught flying S. schevyrewi adults from May to October; adults were weakly attracted to healthy Ulmus Linnaeus but were strongly attracted to Ulmus pumila Linnaeus stressed by girdling. Scolytus schevrewi colonised and completed development in girdled trees and trap logs of U. pumila. In contrast to other studies, U. americana – the major source of pathogen spores in the area – was never colonised as a brood host. Our results suggest that S. schevyrewi will primarily use U. pumila, which, in Manitoba and Saskatchewan, seldom exhibits symptoms of Dutch elm disease. Thus, arrival of S. schevyrewi does not appear to require changes to Dutch elm disease management programmes.
Résumé
Scolytus schevyrewi Semenov (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) est une espèce exotique envahissante qui a été détectée en Saskatchewan et au Manitoba, Canada en 2007, deux provinces où la maladie hollandaise de l’orme (Ophiostomanovo-ulmi Brasier; Fungi: Ophiostomataceae) est contrôlée afin de protéger Ulmus americana Linnaeus (Ulmaceae). Puisque le risque de transmission de la maladie par S. schevyrewi existe, les mœurs du scolyte ont été étudiées de 2009 à 2012. Généralement, la maladie se transmet lorsqu’un scolyte adulte porteur de spores entre en contact avec le xylème d’un arbre sain en se nourrissant; ces spores sont habituellement acquises par des adultes s’étant développés et ayant émergé d’arbres infectés. Leur vol s’est déroulé de mai à octobre. Ils étaient peu attirés par Ulmus Linnaeus sain, mais beaucoup par Ulmus pumila Linnaeus (Ulmaceae) affaibli par un manque d’eau. Scolytus schevyrewi a colonisé et s’est développé dans des arbres affaiblis et des bûches pièges d’U. pumila, mais, contrairement aux observations d’autres études, jamais dans U. americana – source principale du pathogène dans la région. Nos résultats suggérant que l’hôte principalement utilisé par S. schevyrewi est U. pumila, une espèce qui, au Manitoba et en Saskatchewan, présente rarement les symptômes de la maladie, l’arrivée du scolyte ne devrait pas avoir d’incidence sur les programmes de lutte à la maladie hollandaise de l’orme déjà en place.
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- Research Papers
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- © 2020 Entomological Society of Canada
Footnotes
Subject editor: Michael Stastny
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