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SEASONAL OCCURRENCE OF LEPIDOPTEROUS PESTS OF CRUCIFEROUS CROPS IN SOUTHWESTERN QUEBEC IN RELATION TO DEGREE-DAY ACCUMULATIONS

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Claude Godin  and
Guy Boivin
Claude Godin
Affiliation:
Department of Natural Resource Sciences, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada H9X 3V9
Guy Boivin*
Affiliation:
Department of Natural Resource Sciences, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada H9X 3V9
*
2 Author to whom all correspondence should be addressed.
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Abstract

Eggs, larvae, and adults of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.), and imported cabbageworm, Artogeia rapae (L.), were monitored on cabbage, broccoli, and brussels sprouts [Brassica oleracea (L.) var. capitata, italica, and gemmifera] for 2 years in southwestern Quebec. The first eggs and adults of P. xylostella were observed during the first week of June, and the use of pheromone traps combined with plant sampling permitted detection of three to four generations on each cultivar type. However, adult counts in pheromone traps were not correlated with the number of eggs and larvae on plants. The date at which each generation appeared and their duration varied little between the three Brassica cultivars. An average of 352.7 degree-days (DD) above 7.3 °C were required to complete one generation, but the considerable overlap between generations reduced the usefulness of DD accumulations to predict P. xylostella occurrence. Visual counts of adult A. rapae and plant sampling of eggs and larvae permitted detection of three generations of this species on each cultivar type. The first A. rapae eggs were found during the last week of May, at least 2 weeks before adults were observed. However, butterfly counts were generally correlated with the number of larvae on plants. The dates at which each generation of A. rapae started were similar between cultivar types, and an average of 319.7 DD above 10.0 °C was required to complete one generation.

Résumé

Le développement saisonnier des oeufs, des larves et des adultes de la fausseteigne des crucifères, Plutella xylostella (L.), et de la piéride du chou, Artogeia rapae (L.), a été étudié sur une période de deux ans dans le sud-ouest du Québec, sur des plants de chou, de brocoli et de choux de Bruxelles [Brassica oleracea (L.) var. capitata, italica, and gemmifera]. L’utilisation de pièges à phéromone et l’échantillonnage des plants ont permis de distinguer trois à quatre générations de P. xylostella sur chaque variété de crucifères, les premiers oeufs et adultes étant observés durant la première semaine de juin. Par contre, le nombre d’adultes piégés n’était généralement pas corrélé avec le nombre d’oeufs ou de larves trouvés sur les plants. Les dates du début des générations ont varié légèrement entre les trois cultivars de Brassica, alors que leur durée n’a pas varié. La durée moyenne d’une génération de P. xylostella a été établie à 352,7 degrés-jours (DJ) au-dessus de 7,3 °C, mais un important chevauchement entre les générations diminue l’utilité des prédictions basées sur l’accumulation de DJ. Un décompte visuel des adultes et l’échantillonnage des plants ont permis de détecter trois générations de A. rapae sur les trois cultivars de crucifère, les premiers oeufs étant observés durant la dernière semaine de mai, au moins deux semaines avant l’observation des premiers adultes. De façon générale, le nombre de papillons observés était corrélé avec le nombre de larves sur les plants. La date de début de chaque génération de A. rapae a été la même pour les trois crucifères, et 319,7 DJ au-dessus de 10 °C étaient requis en moyenne pour compléter une génération.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 130 , Issue 2 , April 1998 , pp. 173 - 185
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1998

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