^{page 39 note 1} Leave was given to bring in the Bill Feb. 15; it was introduced Feb. 19. Mr. Pitt's speech was made on the Second Reading, Feb. 26. The Parliamentary History says with regard to it (xxi. 1262) : “The Honble. William Pitt, son to the late Earl of Chatham, now rose for the first time, and in a speech directly in answer to matter that had fallen out in the course of the debate displayed great and astonishing power of eloqusnee. His voice is rich and striking, full of melody and force, his manner easy and elegant, his language beautiful and luxuriant. He gave in this first essay a specimen of eloquence not unworthy the son of his immortal parent.” Pitt was returned for Appleby; he had stood for the University of Cambridge in 1780, but was at the bottom of the poll. His speech was warmly in support of the Bill.

^{page 40 note 1} In Oct. 1780, Thomas, Lord Hyde, eldest son of Lord Clarendon, was found not duly elected. Jocelyn Dean, brother to Lord Muskerry, died before the committee could try the merits of his election. A new writ was ordered, Feb. 21, 1781. Philip Yorke was elected; he accepted the Chiltern Hundreds, and a new writ was issued June 15, 1781. William Evelyn was returned, but found not duly elected.

^{page 40 note 2} Lord Godolphin was son of Provost Godolphin of Eton. He died without issue in 1785, when the title of Lord Godolphin of Helston became extinct.

^{page 41 note 1} The loan was for twelve millions. The terms were, 158l., 6 per cent.; 25l., i per cent.; and four lottery tickets to each subscriber of 1,000l. The protest declared the loan to be “improvident in its terms, corrupt in its operation, and partial in its distribution. Twenty-one millions are added to the public debt for the loan of twelve.” The protest was signed by Eockingham, Portland, Carmarthen, Bishop of St. Asaph, Ferrars, TTitzwilliam, Bolton, and Bessborough.

^{page 41 note 2} Lord Coventry was Lord-Lieutenant of Worcestershire. His first wife was one of the Gunnings.

^{page 42 note 1} This was probably in his speech on the Loan Bill.

^{page 42 note 2} In the proposed coalition (see above).

^{page 43 note 1} It had become the practice to insert a clause to this effect in bills of enclosure. The Hemington Enclosure Bill was now under discussion.

^{page 43 note 2} The Chancellor said, among other things :—“The noble Earl had bciasted of the advantage he had derived from enclosures : if he had presumed to suggest that the noble Earl had exerted all his influence to get these bills passed without having attended to the interest of the tenants, with that generosity and nobleness of mind which were the distinguishing features of the noble Earl's character, he should hare been guilty of something much nearer calumny than anything which had fallen from the reverend prelate who began the debate.” The Chancellor was Lord Thurlow since 1776.

^{page 43 note 3} The numbers were : for recommitment, 23 ; against, 31.

^{page 43 note 4} These were, since 1779, Lord Stormont and Lord Hillsborough.

^{page 43 note 5} On June 6.

^{page 44 note 1} Now Viscount and Marquis in 1787, was Master-General of Ordnanpe from 1772 to 1782, and again for a short time in 1783. He was father of Lord de Ferrars.

^{page 44 note 2} He became Lord-Lieutenant in 1767.

^{page 44 note 3} See above.

^{page 45 note 1} The Hon. Frederick Cormvallis since 1768.

^{page 46 note 1} Horace Walpole to H. Mann, Sept. 7, 1781 (vii. 75) : “The combined fleets, to the amount of forty-seven or forty-nine sail, brought news of their own arrival at the mouth of the Channel a day or two before your letter of August 18th brought an account of that probability, and of the detachment for Minorca. Admiral Darby had a false alarm, or perhaps a true one, had returned to Torbay a week ago, where he is waiting for reinforcements. It is the fourth or fifth day since the appearance of the enemy off Scilly. It is thought, I find here [Berkeley Square] (whither I came to-day), that the great object is our Jamaica fleet; but that a detachment is gone to Ireland to do what mischief they can to the work before onr ally, the Equinox, will beseech them to retire, Much less force than this Armada would have done more harm two years ago, when they left a card at Plymouth, than this can do : as Plymouth is now very strong, and that there are great disciplined armies now in both islands. Of Gibraltar we have no apprehensions. I know less of Minorca.” Again on Sept. 9, to Mann : “Gibraltar is besieged, Minorca besieged, New York, I believe, besieged, and I also hear Great Britain is besieged—fortyseven or nine French or Spanish ships at the gates of the Channel, and Admiral Darby, with only twenty-two in Torbay, is a blockade to some purpose.”

^{page 47 note 1} The surrender took place on October 17-19th. It had been known in London for some time that his situation was desperate.

^{page 47 note 2} The words were : “And we will without deiay apply ourselves with united hearts to prepare and digest such councils to be laid at his royal feet as may excite the efforts, point the arms, and command the confidence of all his subjects.”

The numbers were, 31 to 75.

The Duke's protest ran thus : “For reasons too often urged in vain for these last seven years against the ruinous prosecution of the unjust war, carrying on by His Majesty's Ministers against the people of North America, too fatally confirmed by subsequent experience and the late disgraceful loss of a second army, to stand in need of repetition.” It was signed by Richmond, Abergavenny, Fitzwilliam, King, Rockingham, Pembroke, Abingdon, and de Terrars.

^{page 48 note 1} Lord Rochford was appointed Secretary of State for the North on Oct. 21, 1768, which he exchanged for the South Dec. 19, 1770. This office he held till Nov. 1775.

^{page 49 note 1} Dec. 14, on the Army Estimates. On Wednesday, Dec.” 12, a debate had taken place on a motion of Sir James Lowther for putting an end to the American war. The second debate was, in a certain sense, a continuation of the first. On the 14th Pitt pressed the Ministry most closely with their want of union. Seeing Lord North, Lord George Germaine, and Mr. Wellbore Ellis whisper together, he said “he would pause until the unanimity was a little better settled, till the sage Nestor had brought the Agamemnon and the Achilles of the American war to one mind.” He then went through the speeches of the two lords, saying “that they were divided and disunited in sentiment, and that one or both of them had the meanness to continue in office and to stand responsible for measures of which they disapproved.” Rigby paid great compliments to Pitt on his speech, and implied that the war in America would be reduced to a war of posts.

^{page 49 note 2} Lord George Germaine said, on Dec. 12, “his opinion ever had been what his opinion then was, that the moment the House acknowledged the independence of America the British Empire was ruined.”

^{page 50 note 1} Lord Pembroke's house, near Salisbury.

^{page 50 note 2} Lord Pembroke.

^{page 50 note 3} He had just received a small independent establishment, but was obliged to live in Buckingham House, the “Queen's House,“as it was called. His conduct was very loose and riotous, and may well have caused the king anxiety. The prince was now nineteen years old.

^{page 50 note 4} Lord Loughborough had just been appointed in 1780 Chief Justice of the Common Pleas.

^{page 50 note 5} The Ministry, divided among themselves, unwilling to make peace, unable to continue the war, were content to suffer Parliament to give them a lead.

^{page 51 note 1} The present club-house was opened in October, 1778.

^{page 51 note 2} The case of Colonel Isaac Hayne occupied the House of Lords on Jan. 31 and Feb. 4,1782. After the capitulation of Charlestown he had apparently been taken with arms in his hands and summarily executed, not after a court-martial but only after a court of inquiry. Lord Kawdon held a subordinate command in the army, and Colonel Balfour was commandant of the town of Charlestown. The Duke of Richmond's motion was defeated by 73 to 25. The case of cruelty did not seem to be made ont.