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Printing and Publishing in Greece: ‘flexibility’ and the process of innovation, 1979-1991

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 January 2016

Colin Simmons  and
Nicos Leandros
Colin Simmons
Affiliation:
Department of Economics, University of Salford, Bank of Greece, Athens
Nicos Leandros
Affiliation:
Department of Economics, University of Salford, Bank of Greece, Athens
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Extract

Since the mid-1960s a large number of innovations has affected printing and publishing throughout the world. At the heart of what is now widely acknowledged as a technological revolution was the switch to photo-composition and offset lithography from ‘hot-metal’ techniques. Two principal developments may be identified — the shift from molten metal to photography pioneered in the USA, and the introduction of electronic—based processes of production and transmission (Moran, 1974: 147-261, 309-19; Clair, 1976; Marshall, 1983; Guy and Haywood, 1985). The early photo-setters were costly and were restricted to a relatively small number of sizes and typefaces. Origination remained fragmented and still had to be divided-up into a series of distinct tasks notably keyboarding, photo-typesetting, page paste-up, photographic work and final plate-making. Because of this constraint the take-up of electronic typesetting, particularly in small and medium-size printing firms, was slow. However, the arrival of micro-electronic chips paved the way for cheaper and more dependable photo-typesetting systems. Digitalisation of information enables a unification of the origination process and allows an author to prepare high quality graphics and sophisticated art work.

Type
Research Article
Information
Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies , Volume 20 , 1996 , pp. 142 - 174
Copyright
Copyright © The Centre for Byzantine, Ottoman and Modern Greek Studies, University of Birmingham 1996

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References

References

*Signifies a publication in Greek

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Bollard, A. (1983) Small Beginnings, New Roles for British Business, London: Intermediate Technology Publications.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bollard, A. (1984) Just for Starters: A Handbook for Small-Scale Business Opportunities, London: Intermediate Technology Publications.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brusco, S. and Sabel, C. (1981) ‘Artisan Production and Economic Growth’, in Wilkinson, F. (ed.), The Dynamics of Labour Market Segmentation, London: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Clair, C. (1976) A History of European Printing, London: Academic Publishers.Google Scholar
Coleridge, N. (1993) Paper Tigers, London: Heinemann.Google Scholar
Curwen, P. (1986) The World Book Industry, Euromonitor.Google Scholar
* Doulkeri, T. (1979) Radio and Television: Legal and Social Problems, Athens: Papazizis.Google Scholar
Dunnett, P. (1988) The World Newspaper Industry, London: Croom Helm.Google Scholar
* ESYE (National Statistical Service of Greece) (1958, 1963, 1969, 1973, 1978, 1984 and 1988) Census(es) of Industry.Google Scholar
* ESYE (National Statistical Service of Greece) (1980) Industrial Survey.Google Scholar
Freeman, C. (1982) The Economics of Industrial Innovation, London: F. Pinter.Google Scholar
Fulk, J. and Steinfield, C. (1990) Organisations and Communication Technology, London: Sage.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Greater London Council (1983) Printing in London, Strategy Document No.8, June.Google Scholar
* Guide of the Graphic Arts (1970, 1975, 1987) Athens: Prooptiki.Google Scholar
Guy, K. and Haywood, B. (1985) ‘Printing’, in Soete, L. (ed.) Technological Trends and Employment: 3, Electronics and Communications, Aldershot: Gower.Google Scholar
Hirst, P. and Zeitlin, J. (1991) ‘Flexible Specialisation Versus Post-Fordism’ Economy and Society 20 (1).Google Scholar
Imrie, R.F. (1986) ‘Work Decentralisation from Large to Small Firms: A Preliminary Analysis of Subcontracting’, Environment and Planning, 18 (7).Google Scholar
Kaplinsky, R. (1984) Automation: The Technology and Society, Essex: Longman.Google Scholar
Kaplinsky, R. (1985) ‘Electronics-based Automation Technologies and the Onset of Systemofacture: Implications for Third World Industrialisation’, World Development, 13 (3).Google Scholar
* Karamblias, C. (1975) The Printing Workers and their History, Athens: n.s.p. Google Scholar
Karapiperi, N. (1977) ‘ETIPTA: The Athens Union of the Daily and Periodical Press Workers’, unpublished M.A. dissertation, University of London.Google Scholar
* Kastoras, S. (1990) Audio Visual Mass Media, Athens: Papazisis.Google Scholar
* Kominis, L. (1985) The Crisis of the Press in Greece, Athens: Kaktos Publishers.Google Scholar
* Leandros, N. (1992) Mass Communication: The Press in Greece, Athens, Delfini.Google Scholar
Leandros, N. and Simmons, C. (1992) ‘New Technology and Changing Industrial Relations in Greece: The Case of the National Newspaper Industry 1979-85’, in Cyprus Journal of Economics, June.Google Scholar
Marshall, A. (1983) The Printing Industry in Transition, London: Comedia.Google Scholar
McDonald, R. (1983) Pillar and Tinderbox: The Greek Press and Dictatorship, New York: Marion Boyars.Google Scholar
Moran, J. (ed.) (1974) Printing in the Twentieth Century, London: Norwood.Google Scholar
Mouzelis, N. (1978) Modern Greece: Facets of Underdevelopment, London: Macmillan.Google Scholar
* Negreponti-Delivani, M. (1990) The Economics of the Parallel Economy in Greece, Athens: Papazisis.Google Scholar
Piore, M. and Sabel, C. (1984) The Second Industrial Divide, New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Rogers, E. (1986) Communication Technology. The New Media in Society, New York: The Free Press.Google Scholar
Sayer, A. (1986) ‘New Developments in Manufacturing: The Just-in-Time System’, Capital and Class, 30, Winter.Google Scholar
Shutt, J. and Whittington, R. (1984) ‘Large Firm Strategies and the Rise of Small Units: The Illusion of Small Firm Job Generation’, mimeo, University of Manchester, Working Paper Series No. 15, December.Google Scholar
Simmons, C. and Leandros, N. (1991) ‘Conflict over Craft and the Demise of Trade Union Power in Greece: A Study of the Impact of Technological Change on the Print Workers of the National Newspapers’, Salford Papers in Economics, 91-9.Google Scholar
Smith, A. (1980) Goodbye Gutenberg. The Newspaper Revolution of the 1980s, New York: O.U.P. Google Scholar
Snoddy, R. (1988) ‘An Era of Dramatic Change’, Financial Times, Survey of Printing Technology, 5 September.Google Scholar
Tailby, S. and Turnbull, P. (1987) ‘Learning to Manage Just-in-Time’, Personnel Management, January.Google Scholar
Tunstall, J. (1986) Communictions De-regulation — The Unleashing of America’s Communications Industry, Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
UNESCO (1987 and 1991) Statistical Yearbook.Google Scholar
UNIDO (1985) Industrial Statistics Yearbook.Google Scholar
* Vavouras, G., Karavitis, N. and Tsouchlou, A. (1990) ‘An Indirect Method of Evaluating the Size of the Parallel Economy’, Issues of Political Economy, Special Issue, pp. 367-378.Google Scholar
Wintour, C. (1989) The Rise and Fall of Fleet Street, London: Hutchinson.Google Scholar