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Hruso1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 December 2009

Extract

On the hills in the angle formed by Assam and Bhutan2live the Hruso, called by their neighbours Aka or Angha, a band of “ bold and daring robbers and cut-throats ” who exert great influence on the powerful and numerous clans of the Midzi tribe on the southern slopes of the Himalayas. The Hruso act as intermediaries for the Midzi in contacting the peoples of the valley of Assam.

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Articles
Copyright
Copyright © School of Oriental and African Studies 1947

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References

page 184 note 2 See Hesselmeyer, 194 f., for further details.

page 185 note 1 Campbell, 248, 250; Anderson, 18.

page 186 note 1 Anderson hhu, k′u, k′u“ water ”, Hess. xu.And. (p. 9), dzak'a(17) “ to-morrow ”. And. yo“ to-day ”, ya“ now ”. And. “ goat” (6), (18), H. P. k'esi, k'isi.Camp, gle “foot ”, P.

page 186 note 2 To chew; p. 17, to eat.

page 186 note 3 In na-yu “ear emerald ”.

page 186 note 4 The consonant seems to be palatalized in this root in some languages and the vowel perhaps umlauted, both perhaps due to the following *-s.But these languages are too poorly recorded to form a basis for a conclusion.

page 186 note 5 (a-)-na-sa“ child ”, sa-m“ daughter ”, sæ-û“ son ”.

page 186 note 6 sa“ child, young ”, sâ-û“ son ”, sa-m“ daughter ”, a-iia-sa“ child ”.

page 186 note 7 sa-u“ son ” (a-u“ father ”), sa-mi“ daughter ” (ü-mi“ woman ”), a-na-sa “child ”.

page 186 note 8 śa-ba, śwa-ba“ hart, stag ”, śa-bo “sheep, cattle, or other animals destined for slaughter ”.

page 186 note 9 ś∂“ deer ”, ś∂-bśen“ goat ”, ś∂-fśe“ cow ”, śa-zi“ dog ”

page 186 note 10 va mînya “owl ” .va mînyû“ flying fox ”.

page 187 note 1 Phonetically, p′iri,erroneously translated as “ three ” on p. 18, is more nearly correct.

page 187 note 2 “ small ”, “ thin ”, little “, ” little onion “(big onion ”).

page 187 note 3 -mi-sa“ small (house) ”.

page 187 note 4 In “ day ”, “ night ”.

page 187 note 5 In waterfall “ xu” water “, ” whirlpool.

page 187 note 6 In “ milk ” fern, breast. For the palatalized consonant, cf. Ch. .

page 187 note 7 Probably “ younger brother ”, as is “ elder brother ”.

page 187 note 8 In nu-e“ younger brother ”, nu-n“ younger sister ”.

page 187 note 9 In ni-e“ sister ”.

page 187 note 10 In bî-lu “insect ”, psil-bî“fly ”.

page 187 note 11 ma-ni “near ” (ma-ren“ far ”).

page 187 note 12 æ-nyi sa “near ”.

page 187 note 13 e-ni-ge“ near ” (e-ra-ge “far ”).

page 187 note 14 e-ni-sa“ near ” (a-nie-ra, ra-“ far ”).

page 188 note 1 In gi-t′le “ring ”.

page 188 note 2 “ claws ” (20), “ finger-nail ”, “ finger-ring ”.

page 188 note 3 In “finger ”.

page 188 note 4 In p′u-n.For the final -n,cf. nu-n“ younger sister ” compared with nu-e“ younger brother ”.

page 188 note 5 mi-mi“ woman ” (A.), p′ü-mi“ woman ”, nü-mi“ sister ” (nyu“ brother ”), sa-mi“ daughter ” (sa-u “son ”) (H.).

page 188 note 6 In sa-m“ daughter ” (sa-u,“ son ”).

page 188 note 7 In sap-se-za-ne-na-vi“ poor man ”, sap-se-k′iri-ni “servants-to ”, śap-se-keri “slave ”.

page 188 note 8 Is the -k-of dial. A dźak-seincorrect ?

page 189 note 1 In me-rini“ (walked) a long way ”.

page 189 note 2 alive “, but to live ”.

page 189 note 3 “ Tube, any hollow cyhndrical vessel”.

page 189 note 4 “ (Water) hollow,” i.e. “ well.”

page 189 note 5 “ To leap, to jump,” Kagate, Hloke, Dandźongka śto run ”.

page 189 note 6 Perhaps Hruso compares better here with Bu. krak-swan.

page 189 note 7 In æ-mi-ri“ unripe ”.

page 189 note 8 “ Insect, worm, vermin.”

page 189 note 9 “ Mosquito.”

page 189 note 10 Cf. Ka. nom “to be enclosed, housed ”.

page 190 note 1 In hnatś lùm.

page 190 note 2 “ mind ”, “ be angry ”, na lH-vo“ love ” (naprobably “ I ”).

page 190 note 3 lu-k′ro-“ to pity ”, lu-śvi-“ be angry ”.

page 190 note 4 flower “ seed ”, fruit “, ” leaf.

page 190 note 5 śo “acid ”, k′um-to “sour ”.

page 190 note 6 is given as “ dew ”, but gaî“falls ”. For -tsti,cf. p. 4: 1.

page 190 note 7 But cf. Midźu mtś“ mouth ”, Kan. muts′æ“ moustache ”, Tableng, Tamlu tśu “mouth ”, where -Imay not have occurred.

page 191 note 1 śa-ba, śwa-ba “hart, stag ”, śa-bo“ sheep, cattle, or other animals destined for slaughter ”.

page 191 note 2 źû-mu@ “rat ”, zu-ztśi“ mouse ”.

page 191 note 3 s < *r; -ge, -kzi, < ksi -gyad?

page 192 note 1 ageprobably means “ here ”. See A. 17, last sentence.

page 192 note 2 For -fsi,cf. pak-ûrî-fsi“ turban ” (A.), h∂-pśe“ hair ” (C).

page 192 note 3 The first part of this compound resembles the word for “ 100 ” in dialect B. Yet it may be a poor recording for b∂ngo-len“ 50 ” in which lenis “ 10

page 193 note 1 ku-zu-liiie “arising ” (P. 582) may be a different root; cf. Balling bu- “to ascend ”, Vayu guh- “to lift up ”.

page 193 note 2 For dial. A dźo “ear ”, cf. Darmiya rá-tśo.VOL. xn. PART 1.

page 194 note 1 Written rhi.

page 194 note 2 Written erh, ′rr.

page 194 note 3 Although all apparently of the same origin, -rappears to mean “ on ”, -r∂“in, on; from ”, and -r∂n,“ under, behind ”. Cf. TO-“ place on (top of) ” (C. 248).

page 194 note 4 Also note dialect B: H-(-u) “to stay ”, rîd-(-û)“ to sit ” (A.), rî-o“ place ” (A. 13), ri. “to stay ” (A. 20), ri-“ to sit ” (P.), ro-, ri-(H. 204, 208).

page 194 note 5 Probably means “ come take! ” and the imperative ending should be -me,not -ne.

page 194 note 6 Really a verb in .

page 195 note 1 p′uprefixed to words for “ horn ” and for most of the horned animals or those with upward pointing tusks such as the rhinoceros, but also to the “ horse ” and “ squirrel ” (A. 6, 7), p′uprefixed to words for “ horse ”, “ ass ”, “ cow ” (P. 632).

page 195 note 2 Perhaps p′umeans “ wife ” in î p′u-m na-da “his wife-not sick-is ” (A. 19), na-p′u-n “wife ” (P.).

page 196 note 1 Vocabulary obtained from Japho, who lived near Balipara.

page 196 note 2 Judging by Campbell's introduction, p. 2, his Hruso vocabulary was probably either collected by, or through the efforts of, Hopkinson, Trotter, or Clarke.

page 196 note 3 Vocabulary probably taken from an inhabitant of the village then ruled by Tagi Raja. According to Hesselmeyer, the Hruso have two villages up the Buruli river, each village having a separate head, while a third group ^s located on old maps beyond the snowy range, on the Tibetan side, but by all accounts actually lives to the east of one of the above mentioned villages. Perhaps Campbell's vocabulary was taken from an inhabitant of the latter district.

page 196 note 4 Where more than one entry for a word occurs in the vocabulary, the second is nearly always from Hesselmeyer, which is not mentioned in the LSI.