Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-2lccl Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T17:39:09.632Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The phenology of Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) populations on cassava in southern Côte d'Ivoire

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

L. D. C. Fishpool ,
C. Fauquet ,
D. Fargette ,
J.-C. Thouvenel ,
C. Burban  and
J. Colvin
L. D. C. Fishpool*
Affiliation:
Natural Resources Institute, Chatham, Kent, UK
C. Fauquet
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Phytovirologie, ORSTOM, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
D. Fargette
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Phytovirologie, ORSTOM, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
J.-C. Thouvenel
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Phytovirologie, ORSTOM, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
C. Burban
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Phytovirologie, ORSTOM, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
J. Colvin
Affiliation:
Natural Resources Institute, Chatham, Kent, UK
*
Dr J. Colvin, Natural Resources Institute, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, Chatham, Kent ME4 4TB, UK.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Population phenologies of the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae), in young cassava crops in Côte d'Ivoire, West Africa, are described for three field seasons. Populations of all stages were consistently greatest 6–12 weeks after the crop was planted. The number of adults on plants as well as on attractive and non-attractive sticky traps displayed cycles of buildup and decline each year, the periodicity of these cycles corresponding to the generation time of B. tabaci under field conditions. Adult population declines were probably caused by emigration from the crop. Rainfall was negatively correlated with both nymph and adult populations, possibly due to reduced oviposition after rain. B. tabaci is the vector of African cassava mosaic geminiviruses (ACMV) and the observed B. tabaci population trends fit well with the pattern of ACMV buildup in the crop.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 85 , Issue 2 , June 1995 , pp. 197 - 207
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1995

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abisgold, J.D. & Fishpool, L.D.C. (1990) A method for estimating population sizes of whitefly nymphs (Bemisia tabaci) on cassava. Tropical Pest Management 36, 287–292.Google Scholar
Berlinger, M.J. (1986) Host plant resistance to Bemisia tabaci. Agricutture, Ecosystems and Environment 17, 69–82.Google Scholar
Burban, C., Fishpool, L.D.C., Fauquet, C., Fargette, D. & Thouvenel, J.-C. (1992) Host-associated biotypes within West African populations of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) (Hom.: Aleyrodidae). Journal of Applied Entomology 113, 416–423.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Butler, G.D. Jr., Henneberry, T.J. & Natwick, E.T. (1985) Bemisia tabaci: 1982 and 1983 populations in Arizona and California cotton fields. Southwestern Entomologist 10,20–25.Google Scholar
Byrne, D.N., Bellows, T.S. Jr & Parrella, M.P. (1990) Whiteflies in agricultural systems. pp. 227–261in Gerling, D. (Ed.) Whiteflies: their bionomics, pest status and management. Andover, UK, Intercept.Google Scholar
Byrne, D.N., Von Bretzel, P.K.& Hoffman, C.J. (1986) Impact of trap design and placement when monitoring for banded-winged whitefly and sweet potato whitefly (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). Environmental Entomology 15, 300–304.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cock, M.J.W. (1986) Population ecology. pp. 37–41in Cock, M.J.W. (Ed.) Bemisia tabaci –a literature survey on the cotton whitefly with an annotated bibliography. 121 pp. Ascot, CAB International Institute of Biological Control.Google Scholar
Costa, A.S. & Russell, M. (1975) Failure of Bemisia tabaci to breed on cassava plants in Brazil (Homoptera, Aleyrodidae). Ciencia e Cultura 27, 388–390.Google Scholar
Dengel, H.J. (1981) Untersuchungen über das Auftreten der Imagines von Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) auf verschiedenen Manioksorten. Zeitschrift für Pflanzenkrankheiten und Pflanzenschutz 88, 355–366.Google Scholar
Diggle, P.J. (1990) Time series: a biostatistical introduction. Oxford, Clarendon Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fargette, D. (1987) Epidémiologie de la mosaique africaine du manioc en Côte d'Ivoire. PhD thesis, ORSTOM, Paris.Google Scholar
Fargette, D., Fauquet, C. & Thouvenel, J.-C. (1985) Field studies on the spread of African cassava mosaic. Annals of Applied Biology 106, 285–294.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fargette, D., Fauquet, C., Grenier, E. & Thresh, J.M. (1990) The spread of African cassava mosaic virus into and within cassava fields. Journal of Phytopathology 130, 289–302.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fargette, D., Jeger, M., Fauquet, C. & Fishpool, L.D.C. (1994) Analysis of temporal disease progress of African cassava mosaic virus. Phytopathology 34, 91–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fauquet, C. & Fargette, D. (1990) African cassava mosaic virus: etiology, epidemiology and control. Plant Disease 74,404 –411.Google Scholar
Fauquet, C., Fargette, D. & Thouvenel, J.-C. (1988) Some aspects of the epidemiology of African cassava mosaic virus in Ivory Coast. Tropical Pest Management 34,92–96.Google Scholar
Fishpool, L.D.C., van Helden, M., van Halder, I., Fauquet, C. & Fargette, D. (1988) Monitoring Bemisia tabaci populations in cassava: field counts and trap catches. In Proceedings of the International Seminar on African Cassava Mosaic Disease,4–8 May 1987,Yamoussoukro, Côte d'Ivoire. pp. 64–76. Wageningen, CTA.Google Scholar
Gameel, O.I. (1970) The effects of whitefly on cotton. pp. 265–280in Sidding, M.A. & Hughes, L.C. (Eds) Cotton growth in the Gezira environment. Wad Medani, Sudan, Agriculture Research Corporation.Google Scholar
Geddes, A.M.W. (1990) The relative importance of crop pests in sub-Saharan Africa. NRI Bulletin no. 36, 69 pp.Google Scholar
Gerling, D. & Horowitz, A.R. (1984) Yellow traps for evaluating the population levels and dispersal patterns of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 77, 753–759.Google Scholar
Gerling, D., Horowitz, A.R. & Baumgärtner, J. (1986) Autecology of Bemisia tabaci. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 17, 5–19.Google Scholar
Golding, F.D. (1936) Bemisia nigeriensis, Corb., a vector of cassava mosaic in southern Nigeria. Tropical Agriculture 13, 182–186.Google Scholar
Horowitz, A.R. (1986) Population dynamics of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius): with special emphasis on cotton fields. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 17, 37–48.Google Scholar
Horowitz, A.R., Podoler, H. & Gerling, D. (1984) Life table analysis of the tobacco whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) in cotton fields in Israel. Acta Oecologica, Oecologia Applicata 5,221–233.Google Scholar
IITA (1990) Cassava in tropical Africa. A Reference Manual. 176 pp. Nigeria, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture.Google Scholar
Khalifa, A. & EI-Khider, E. (1964) Biological study on Trialeurodes lubia and Bemisia tabaci (Aleyrodidae). Bulletin de la Société Entomologique d'Egypte 48, 115–129.Google Scholar
Lal, S.S. (1981) An ecological study of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) population on cassava. Pestology 5, 11–17.Google Scholar
Leuschner, K. (1978) Whiteflies: biology and transmission of African mosaic disease. pp. 51–58in Brekelbaum, T., Bellotti, A. & Lozano, T. C. (Eds) Proceedings of the cassava protection workshop, CIAT, Cali, Colombia,7–12 November 1977.CIAT,Colombia.Google Scholar
Mound, L.A. (1960) Biology of Bemisia sp. pp. 30–33in Half yearly progress report No. 7, january–june 1960. Ibadan, Nigeria, Federal Department of Agricultural Research.Google Scholar
Mound, L.A. (1962) Studies on the olfaction and colour sensitivity of Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). Entomologica Experimentalis et Applicata 5, 99–104.Google Scholar
Mound, L.A. (1963) Host-correlated variation in Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London (A) 38, 171–180.Google Scholar
Mound, L.A. (1965) An introduction to the Aleyrodidae of western Africa (Homoptera). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) 17,115–159.Google Scholar
Powell, D.A. & Bellows, T.S. Jr (1992) Preimaginal development and survival of Bemisia tabaci on cotton and cucumber. Environmental Entomology 21, 359–363.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robertson, I.A.D. (1987) The whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) as a vector of African cassava mosaic virus at the Kenya coast and ways in which yield losses in cassava, Manihot esculenta Crantz caused by the virus can be reduced. Insect Science and its Application 8, 797–801.Google Scholar
Robertson, I.A.D. (1988) The role of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) in the epidemiology of ACMV in East Africa. Biology, population dynamics and interaction with cassava varieties. pp. 57–63in Proceedings of the International Seminar on African Cassava Mosaic Disease,4–8 May 1987,Yamoussoukro, Côte d'Ivoire.Wageningen, CTA.Google Scholar
Seif, A.A. (1981) Seasonal fluctuation of adult population of the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, on cassava. Insect Science and its Application 1, 363 –364.Google Scholar
STSC(1991) Statgraphics Graphics System by Statistical Graphics Corporation, Maryland, USA.Google Scholar
Thresh, J.M., Fishpool, L.D.C., Otim-Nape, G.W. & Fargette, D. (1994) African cassava mosaic virus disease: an underestimated and unsolved problem. Tropical Science 34, 3–14.Google Scholar
Vaishampayan, S.M., Kogan, M., Waldbauer, G.P. & Woolley, J.T. (1975) Spectral specific responses in the visual behavior of the greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). Entomologica Experimentalis et Applicata 18, 344–356.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
van Lenteren, J.C. & Noldus, L.P.J.J. (1990) Whitefly–plant relationships: behavioural and ecological aspects. pp. 47–89in Gerling, D. (Ed.) Whiteflies: their bionomics, pest status and management. 348 pp. Andover, Intercept.Google Scholar
von Arx, R., Baumgärtner, J. & Delucchi, V. (1984) Sampling of Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) (Stemorrhyncha: Aleyrodidae) in Sudanese cotton fields. Journal of Economic Entomology 77, 1130–1136.CrossRefGoogle Scholar