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Further insights into the strange role of bacterial endosymbionts in whitefly, Bemisia tabaci: Comparison of secondary symbionts from biotypes B and Q in China

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 February 2011

D. Chu ,
C.S. Gao ,
P. De Barro ,
Y.J. Zhang ,
F.H. Wan  and
I.A. Khan
D. Chu*
Affiliation:
High-tech Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement of Crop Animal and Poultry of Shandong Province, Jinan 250100, China
C.S. Gao
Affiliation:
High-tech Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement of Crop Animal and Poultry of Shandong Province, Jinan 250100, China
P. De Barro
Affiliation:
CSIRO Entomology 120 Meiers Road Indooroopilly, Queensland 4068, Australia
Y.J. Zhang
Affiliation:
Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
F.H. Wan
Affiliation:
The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
I.A. Khan
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, NWFP Agricultural University Peshawar, NWFP, Pakistan
*
*Author for correspondence Fax: +86-531-83178156 E-mail: chinachudong@sina.com
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Abstract

The percentage infection of secondary symbionts (SS) (Wolbachia, Arsenophonus, Rickettsia, Hamiltonella, Fritschea and Cardinium) in the exotic Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) invaders, commonly known as biotypes B and Q from China, were determined by PCR. In total, 373 biotype B and 1830 biotype Q individuals were screened for the presence of SS. Biotype B was more abundant than biotype Q from 2005 to 2006, and biotype Q was more abundant from 2007 to 2009. Each of the SS, with the exception of Fritschea, was detected in both biotypes B and Q; Fritschea was found in none of the samples examined. For biotype B, the percentage infection of Hamiltonella was the highest (92.0%) followed by Rickettsia (70.2%). For biotype Q, the percentage infection of Hamiltonella was again the highest (73.3%). Arsenophonus was the least common of the SS observed in both biotypes B and Q. The percentage infection of Wolbachia, Rickettsia and Hamiltonella in biotype B was each significantly higher than in biotype Q, whereas the percentage infection of Cardinium in biotype B was significantly lower than in biotype Q. The percentage infection of SS in biotypes B and Q varied from year to year over the period 2005–2009. Furthermore, within biotype Q, two distinct subgroups were identified which differ from each other in terms of their SS complement. We discuss these results in the light of the potentially influential factors and roles of the SS.

Keywords

Bemisia tabaci biotypes B and QWolbachiaHamiltonellaRickettsiaArsenophonusCardiniumFritschea
Type
Research Paper
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 101 , Issue 4 , August 2011 , pp. 477 - 486
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2011

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