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Evolution of European Cockchafers (Melolonthinae: Scarabaeidae: Coleoptera): a morphological, molecular and chromosomal study of intra- and inter-specific variations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 January 2011

T. Giannoulis ,
A.-M. Dutrillaux ,
Z. Mamuris ,
O. Montreuil ,
C. Stamatis  and
B. Dutrillaux
T. Giannoulis
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Genetics, Comparative and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41221 Larissa, Greece
A.-M. Dutrillaux
Affiliation:
UMR 7502, CNRS/MNHN, Structure et Evolution de la Biodiversité, Département Systématique et Evolution, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CP 39, 16, rue Buffon, F-75005 Paris, France
Z. Mamuris
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Genetics, Comparative and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41221 Larissa, Greece
O. Montreuil
Affiliation:
UMR 7502, CNRS/MNHN, Structure et Evolution de la Biodiversité, Département Systématique et Evolution, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CP 39, 16, rue Buffon, F-75005 Paris, France
C. Stamatis
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Genetics, Comparative and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41221 Larissa, Greece
B. Dutrillaux*
Affiliation:
UMR 7502, CNRS/MNHN, Structure et Evolution de la Biodiversité, Département Systématique et Evolution, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CP 39, 16, rue Buffon, F-75005 Paris, France
*
*Author for correspondence Fax: +33 1 40 79 33 42 E-mail: bdutrill@mnhn.fr
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Abstract

In cockchafers of the genus Melolontha, there is a marked intraspecific polymorphism for morphological characters, making some specimens of one species resemble another. A cytogenetic and molecular (mitochondrial COI gene sequence) study of typical and atypical forms of M. melolontha and M. hippocastani, captured at the same period and area, was performed. Karyotypes and haplotypes clearly characterize each taxon, placing atypical specimens in one or the other species unambiguously. This formally discards the role of hybridization in phenotypic resemblance, as usually proposed. Karyotypes and haplotypes were compared to those of M. pectoralis and Phyllophaga pleei, a more distantly related Melolonthinae, and some Dynastinae species, to reconstruct their ancestral karyotype. The karyotype of M. melolontha is the most derivative and that of P. pleei the most conserved among the Melolonthinae studied, which fits with the phylogeny established by COI gene analysis. Both karyotypes and COI haplotypes demonstrate the proximity of M. pectoralis and M. melolontha. The karyotype of M. melolontha is polymorphic, without relationship with morphological variations. Finally, the existence of similar morphological variations in different Melolontha species and chromosomal polymorphism in M. melolontha is discussed in relation with a network (reticulated) mode of speciation.

Keywords

cockchaferspolymorphismchromosomesCOI haplotypesnetwork evolution
Type
Research Paper
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 101 , Issue 3 , June 2011 , pp. 345 - 352
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2011

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