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The effect of spraying bacterial and fungal solutions on Korean pine Pinus koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc. cone development and seed quality when sprayed during the flowering phase

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 October 2022

Xiaomei Wang Open the ORCID record for Xiaomei Wang [Opens in a new window] ,
Ruting Chen ,
Niya Jia ,
Jiaxing Sun ,
Yuxin Luo ,
Yunzhao Yang ,
Yutong Zhuang ,
Jingfeng Wang ,
Hongru Guo  and
Defu Chi Open the ORCID record for Defu Chi [Opens in a new window]
Xiaomei Wang
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory for Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
Ruting Chen
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory for Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
Niya Jia
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory for Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
Jiaxing Sun
Affiliation:
Beidagang Wetland Nature Reserve Management Center, Tianjin 300270, People's Republic of China
Yuxin Luo
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory for Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
Yunzhao Yang
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory for Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
Yutong Zhuang
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory for Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
Jingfeng Wang
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory for Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
Hongru Guo
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory for Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
Defu Chi*
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory for Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
*
Author for correspondence: Defu Chi, Email: chidefu@nefu.edu.cn
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Abstract

Korean pine is an economically essential afforestation species limited by the unreasonable collection of cones, indiscriminate use of chemical pesticides and pest damage. This study aimed to determine whether spraying bacterial or fungal solutions affected insect pests, cone development, and the seed quality of Korean pine Pinus koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc. The experiment was conducted in a forest plantation in Linkou County (Heilongjiang, China) in 2019. Four fungal strains and one bacterial strain were applied during the flowering phase of Korean pine. The results after a year and a half of study indicated that a high concentration of Bacillus thuringiensis 223176 promoted cone development, increased seed weight, and reduced the proportion of damaged cones. Under this treatment, there were 15.873% damaged cones; the seed weight reached 0.829 g, and there were 82.738% fully developed cones. Trees treated with the second most effective strain, Beauveria bassiana 122077, had 30.556% damaged cones and an average seed weight of 0.810 g. Leucanicillium antillanum 01 performed the worst in this study. The seed weight was only 0.775 g, and the damaged and fully developed cones were 52.444 and 41.773%, respectively. In summary, spraying bacterial or fungal solutions during the flowering stage of Korean pine positively impacted seed quality and effectively decreased damage by the lepidopteran species that feed on the cones and seeds in this study.

Keywords

Bt sprayingcone damageDioryctria abietella Denis & Schiffermüllerflowering phaseKorean pineseed quality
Type
Research Paper
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 113 , Issue 2 , April 2023 , pp. 180 - 189
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

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