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Influence of egg load and oviposition time interval on the host discrimination and offspring survival of Anagyrus pseudococci (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), a solitary endoparasitoid of citrus mealybug, Planococcus citri (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 March 2010

K.S. Islam  and
M.J.W. Copland
K.S. Islam
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
M.J.W. Copland*
Affiliation:
Biology Department, Wye College, University of London, Wye, Ashford, Kent, TN25 5AH, UK
*
*Fax: 01233 812855 E-mail: m.copland@wye.ac.uk
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Abstract

Oviposition and host discrimination behaviour of unmated Anagyrus pseudococci(Girault), an endoparasitoid of the citrus mealybug Planococcus citri (Risso), were investigated in the laboratory. Female parasitoids were able to discriminate between parasitized hosts and healthy ones. The mean number of ovipositions was significantly higher in unparasitized than in parasitized hosts. Conspecific-superparasitism occurred more often than self-superparasitism. Changes in consecutive ovipositions over three hours by A. pseudococci suggested that egg load influenced the discrimination behaviour of the parasitoids, with females which had low egg loads mostly avoiding oviposition in already parasitized hosts at time intervals ranging from 0 h to 96 h, and distributing their eggs in the high quality (unparasitized) hosts. The parasitized hosts were rejected more commonly through antennal perception of external markers than during ovipositor probing which could have encountered internal markers but this relationship changed with increasing time after oviposition. The parasitoid‘s oviposition rate in unparasitized and conspecific-parasitized hosts varied at the different oviposition time intervals when the females had fewer eggs in the ovaries. Percentage emergence of parasitized offspring was not significantly influenced by whether they developed in single or superparasitized mealybugs. The significance of host discrimination by A. pseudococci is discussed.

Type
Review Article
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 90 , Issue 1 , February 2000 , pp. 69 - 75
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2000

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