Hostname: page-component-7479d7b7d-qlrfm Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-11T11:25:59.613Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Plant breeding technologies relevant to developing countries

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 February 2018

S. Ceccarelli*
Affiliation:
International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, PO Box 5466, Aleppo, Syria
Get access

Abstract

The relevance of new and traditional plant breeding technologies is discussed with particular reference to the improvement of sustainable agricultural systems in difficult environments. The focus of the paper is on barley, a crop which is grown as animal food, mostly for small ruminants, on about 17 million ha in developing countries. Barley is also a typical low-input crop being grown largely in agriculturally marginal areas by risk-averse farmers. Differences in straw quality characteristics between varieties of some crops are discussed in relation to their utilization in breeding programmes using either conventional or new technologies. A greater interaction between animal scientists and plant breeders is needed to define appropriate techniques to screen for straw quality. This is considered to be essential to incorporate straw quality characteristics in breeding programmes.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © British Society of Animal Production 1993

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Allard, R. W. and Bradshaw, A. D. 1964. Implications of genotype-environment interaction in applied plant breeding. Crop Science 4:503508.Google Scholar
Atlin, G. N. and Frey, K. J. 1990. Selecting oat lines for yield in low-productivity environments. Crop Science 30: 556561.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bjorn Petersen, P. and Munk, L. 1991. Utilization of barley straw for industry, feed and energy. Barley Genetics VI, vol. 1, pp. 139142.Google Scholar
Ceccarelli, S. 1984. Utilization of landraces and H. spontaneum in barley breeding for dry areas. Ruchis 3: (2), 811.Google Scholar
Ceccarelli, S., Acevedo, E. and Grando, S. 1991. Breeding for yield stability in unpredictable environments: single traits, interaction between traits, and architecture of genotypes. Euphytica 56:169185.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ceccarelli, S. and Grando, S. 1989. Efficiency of empirical selection under stress conditions in barley. Journal of Genetics and Breeding 43:2531.Google Scholar
Ceccarelli, S. and Grando, S. 1991a. Selection environment and type of germplasm in barley breeding for low-yielding conditions. Euphytica 57:207219.Google Scholar
Ceccarelli, S. and Grando, S. 1991b. Selection environment and environmental sensitivity in barley. Euphytica 57: 157167.Google Scholar
Ceccarelli, S., Grando, S. and Leur, J. A. G. van, 1987. Genetic diversity in barley landraces from Syria and Jordan. Euphytica 36:389405.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ceccarelli, S., Valkoun, J., Erskine, W., Weigand, S., Miller, R. and Leur, J. A. G. van. 1992. Plant genetic resources and plant improvement as tools to develop sustainable agriculture. Experimental Agriculture 28: 8998.Google Scholar
Chairatanayuth, P. and Taripatananon, T. 1987. Variation in nutritive value of peanut residue. In Ruminant feeding systems utilizing fibrous agricultural residues (ed. Dixon, R. M.), pp. 157164.Google Scholar
Erskine, W. and Choudhary, N. A. 1986. Variation between and within lentil landraces from Yemen Arab Republic Euphytica 35:695700.Google Scholar
Erskine, W. and Muehlbauer, E. J. 1991. Allozyme and morphological variability, outcrossing and core collection formation in lentil germplasm. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 83:119125.Google Scholar
Falconer, D. S. 1960. Introduction to quantitative genetics. Ronald Press, New York.Google Scholar
Falconer, D. S. 1990. Selection in different environments: effects on environmental sensitivity (reaction norm) and on mean performance. Genetkal Research, Cambridge 56:5770.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Francis, C. A. 1990. Breeding hybrids and varieties for sustainable systems. In Sustainable agriculture in temperate zones (ed. Francis, C. A., Flora, C. B. and King, L. D.), pp. 2454. John Wiley, New York.Google Scholar
Haugernd, A. and Collinson, M. P. 1990. Plants, genes and people: improving the relevance of plant breeding in Africa. Experimental Agriculture 26: 341362.Google Scholar
Hsiao, T. C. 1982. The soil-plant-atmosphere continuum in relation to drought and crop production. In Drought resistance in crops with emplusis on rice, pp. 3952. IRRL Los Banos, Philippines.Google Scholar
Jinks, J. L. and Connolly, V. 1973. Selection for specific and general response to environmental differences. Heredity 30: 3340.Google Scholar
Jinks, J. L. and Connolly, V. 1975. Determination of the environmental sensitivity of selection lines by the selection environment Heredity 34:401406.Google Scholar
Juliano, B. O., Roxas, D. B., Petez, C. M. and Khush, G. S. 1987. Varietal differences in composition and in vitro digestibility of harvest rice straw. In Ruminant feeding systems utilizing fibrous agricultural residues (ed. Dixon, R. M.), pp. 97113.Google Scholar
Leur, J. A. G. van, Ceccarelli, S. and Grando, S. 1989. Diversity for disease resistance in barley landraces from Syria and Jordan. Plant Breeding 103:324335.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Michelmore, R. W., Paran, I. and Kessell, R. V. 1991. Identification of markers linked to disease resistance genes by bulked segregant analysis: a rapid method to detect markers in specific genomic regions using segregating populations. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 88:98289832.Google Scholar
Rao, S. C. 1989. Regional environment and cultivar effects on the quality of wheat straw. Agronomy Journal 81:939943.Google Scholar
Seko, H. 1987. History of barley breeding in Japan. Barley Genetics V, pp. 915922.Google Scholar
Simmonds, N. W. 1979. Principles of crop improvement. Longman, London.Google Scholar
Simmonds, N. W. 1983. Plant breeding: the state of the art In Genetic engineering of plants. An agricultural perspective (ed. Kosuge, T., Meredith, C. P. and Hollaender, A.), pp. 525. Plenum Press, New York.Google Scholar
Skiblnski, D. O. F., Rasool, D. and Erksine, W. 1984. Asparate aminotransferase allozyme variation in a germplasm collection of domesticated lentil (Lens culinaris). Theoretical and Applied Genetics 68:441448.Google Scholar
Tanksley, S. D. 1983. Molecular markers in plant breeding. Plant Molecular Biology Reporter 1: 38.Google Scholar
Tanksley, S. D. and Orton, T. J. 1983. Isozymes in plant genetics and breeding. Parts 1A and 18. Elsevier, Amsterdam.Google Scholar
Thomson, E. F. and Ceccarelli, S. 1991. Progress and future directions of applied research on cereal straw quality at ICARDA. Workshop on production and utilization of lignocellulosics: plant refinery and breeding, analysis, feeding to herbivores, and economic aspects, Reggio Emilia, Italy, 1990, pp. 249263.Google Scholar
Williams, J. G. K., Kubelik, A. R., Livak, K. J., Rafalskl, J. A. and Tingey, S. V. 1990. DNA polymorphisms amplified by arbitrary primers are useful as genetic markers. Nucleic Acids Research 18:65316535.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed