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Role of cholecystokinin in satiation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 February 2022

Andrew Warrilow Open the ORCID record for Andrew Warrilow [Opens in a new window] ,
Murray Turner ,
Nenad Naumovski Open the ORCID record for Nenad Naumovski [Opens in a new window]  and
Shawn Somerset
Andrew Warrilow*
Affiliation:
Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Rehabilitation and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
Murray Turner
Affiliation:
University of Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
Nenad Naumovski
Affiliation:
Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Rehabilitation and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia Functional Foods and Nutrition Research (FFNR) Laboratory, University of Canberra, ACT, 2617, Australia
Shawn Somerset
Affiliation:
Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Rehabilitation and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
*
*Corresponding author: Andrew Warrilow, email andrew.warrilow@canberra.edu.au
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Abstract

The aim of this review was to examine: (1) the ability of cholecystokinin (CCK) or analogues of CCK to influence satiation and changes in body weight generally and (2) the efficacy of CCK in influencing satiation and eating behaviour specifically at physiological levels of dosing. A systematic review of the literature was performed following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines in five electronic databases investigating the effect of exogenous CCK or analogues on satiation and body weight. A meta-analysis of studies that infused CCK and measured satiation via changes in food/energy intake was also conducted. A total of 1054 studies were found using the search terms which were reduced to fifteen studies suitable for inclusion. Of the twelve studies measuring the effect on the weight of food ingested or energy intake, eleven showed a decrease. An analogue of CCK which can be administered orally failed to produce any weight loss at 24 weeks. The meta-analysis found the effect of CCK on satiation dosed at physiological levels was significant with a standardised mean difference of 0·57 (95 % CI 0·30, 0·85, P < 0·0001). By comparison, CCK dosed at higher, pharmacological levels also had a significant effect with a standardised mean difference of 0·91 (95 % CI 0·46, 1·36, P < 0·0001). Eight of the ten studies in the meta-analysis combined CCK infusion with some means to facilitate stomach distension. The present review found evidence that at both physiological and pharmacological levels of dosing CCK has a significant effect on satiation but no evidence for weight loss over the long term.

Keywords

CholecystokininSatiationWeight lossMeal terminationDigestive peptidesHormones
Type
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 129 , Issue 12 , 28 June 2023 , pp. 2182 - 2190
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society

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