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John White Senior and James Wyatt: An Early Scheme for Marylebone Park and the New Street to Carlton House

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 April 2016

James Anderson
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Extract

John Nash’s plans for developing Marylebone Park and for cutting a New Street to improve communications to Westminster have been lauded as outstanding examples of Regency town planning, a happy amalgam of the picturesque and the socially practical. Nash, however, came late to a project which had its roots in the early 1790s and on which a considerable amount of preliminary planning had already been done by the Office of Land Revenues, the government department responsible for Crown lands, and by John White, sen., architect and property advisor to the third and fourth Dukes of Portland.

Type
Section 4: Growth & Change in London
Information
Architectural History , Volume 44 , 2001 , pp. 106 - 114
Copyright
Copyright © Society of Architectural Historians of Great Britain 2001

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References

Notes

1 Marylebone Park and the New Street were subsequently renamed Regent’s Park and Regent Street.

2 The New Road, now the Marylebone Road, was built in 1757 and was the northern limit of development until the late eighteenth century.

3 Colvin, Howard, A Biographical Directory of British Architects (BDBA) (New Haven and London, 1995), p. 1042 Google Scholar.

4 See White, John sen., Explanation of a Plan for the Improvement of Mary-le-bone Park, Submitted to John Fordyce Esq., in 1809 (London, 1813)Google Scholar. Crace Collection, British Museum.

5 Westminster Archives, D/Whi/25.

6 Public Record Office (PRO), Crown Estate papers, CRES 60/1.

7 PRO, CRES 2/875.

8 Commissioners of Woods, Forests and Land Revenues, 1812 Report, Appendix 12(A), p. 82. Parl. Papers 1812, XII.347.

9 PRO, Treasury papers, T1269.

10 Ibid.

11 White, John jun., Some Account of the Proposed Improvements of the Western Part of London, by the formation of Regent’s Park, the New Street, the New Sewer etc. (London, 1814 and 1815)Google Scholar. Also see Anderson, James, ‘Marylebone Park and the New Street’, unpublished University of London PhD thesis (1998)Google Scholar, Appendix 4, and PRO, MPE913.

12 PRO, T1269.

13 Summerson, John, The Life and Work of John Nash, Architect (London, 1980), p. 60 Google Scholar.

14 Saunders, Ann, Regent’s Park: From 1066 to the Present (London, 1981), p. 65 Google Scholar.

15 PRO, CRES 2/746. Letter from John Heaton, the Duke’s lawyer, dated 8 April 1812.

16 Ison, Walter, The Georgian Buildings of Bath: From 1700-1830 (Bath, 1980), p. 148 Google Scholar.

17 Mansfield, Michael, John Nash: A Complete Catalogue (Oxford, 1991), p. 283 Google Scholar.

18 SirFletcher, Banister, A History of Architecture, 19th edn, ed. Musgrove, John (London, 1987), p. 944 Google Scholar.

19 The fourth Duke mentioned the possibility of building a new town house, adjacent to the Park, for his use in a letter dated 23 March 1812, whilst he was negotiating for an exchange of land with the Commissioners. PRO, CRES 2/746.

20 White, jun., Some Account, Appendix I, letter from John White, sen., to John Fordyce, April 1809.

21 White, sen., Explanation.

22 White, jun., Some Account, pl. 1.

23 PRO, MPE 1125.

24 White, jun., Some Account, p. 14.

25 BDBA, p. 1119. Wyatt reconstructed the west wing, starting in c. 1806 and completing it after the third Duke’s death.

26 Robinson, John Martin, The Wyatts: an Architectural Dynasty (Oxford, 1979), p. 240 Google Scholar.

27 BDBA, p. 1120.

28 White, jun., Some Account, p. 14.

29 Wyatt had been involved with remodelling a number of the principal rooms in 1804–05. See Carlton House, The Past Glories of George IV’s Palace, The Queen’s Gallery (1991), exh. cat., p. 6.

30 Westminster Archives, D/Whi/73.

31 See Anderson, James, ‘Urban Development as a Component of Government Policy in the Aftermath of the Napoleonic War’, Construction History, 15 (1999), pp. 23–37 Google Scholar.

32 PRO, PRO 30/58 11 A.

33 Turbeville, A. S., A History of Welbeck Abbey and its Owners, 2 vols (London, 1938 and 1939), Vol. 2, p. 328 Google Scholar.

34 Anderson, ‘Marylebone Park’, pp. 257-60.

35 BDBA, p. 1107. Wyatt was appointed in 1796.