Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-nr4z6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-30T20:37:45.624Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Nuts - an update on their CVD impact

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 September 2013

Get access

In a nutshell

Nuts contain a rich mixture of mainly MUFA and PUFA fat, antioxidants, fibre and minerals.

Observationally, nut intake is associated with less CVD. Many recent RCTs have shown that they reduce total and LDL-cholesterol and have some benefit for other metabolic CVD risk factors, e.g. insulin resistance and hypertension. They do not appear to have adverse impact on weight or lipid peroxidation.

Type
Brief Report
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2010

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

References:

1. Helman, AD. Nuts and health. Arb Clin Nutr Upd. 2005 May;210:13.Google Scholar
2. Kelly, JH Jr. et al. Nuts and coronary heart disease: an epidemiological perspective. Br J Nutr. 2006 Nov;96 Suppl 2:S617.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
3. Li, TY. et al. Regular consumption of nuts is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease in women with type 2 diabetes. J Nutr. 2009 Jul;139(7):1333–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
4. Djoussé, L. et al. Nut consumption and risk of hypertension in US male physicians. Clin Nutr. 2009 Feb;28(1):10–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
5. Banel, DK. et al. Effects of walnut consumption on blood lipids and other cardiovascular risk factors: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 Jul;90(1):5663.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
6. Torabian, S. et al. Long-term walnut supplementation without dietary advice induces favorable serum lipid changes in free-living individuals. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2010 Mar;64(3):274–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
7. Kay, CD. et al. Pistachios increase serum antioxidants and lower serum oxidized-LDL in hypercholesterolemic adults. J Nutr. 2010 Jun;140(6):1093–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
8. Strunz, CC. et al. Brazil nut ingestion increased plasma selenium but had minimal effects on lipids, apolipoproteins, and high-density lipoprotein function in human subjects. Nutr Res. 2008 Mar;28(3):151–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
9. Thomson, CD. et al. Brazil nuts: an effective way to improve selenium status. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 Feb;87(2):379–84.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
10. Stockler-Pinto, MB. et al. Effect of Brazil nut supplementation on the blood levels of selenium and glutathione peroxidase in hemodialysis patients. Nutrition. 2009 Dec 15.Google Scholar
11. Marangoni, F. et al. Levels of the n-3 fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid in addition to those of alpha linolenic acid are significantly raised in blood lipids by the intake of four walnuts a day in humans. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2007 Jul;17(6):457–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12. Zaveri, S. et al. The effect of including a conventional snack (cereal bar) and a nonconventional snack (almonds) on hunger, eating frequency, dietary intake and body weight. J Hum Nutr Diet. 2009 Oct;22(5):461–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13. Hollis, J. et al. Effect of chronic consumption of almonds on body weight in healthy humans. Br J Nutr. 2007 Sep;98(3):651–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
14. Sabaté, J. Nut consumption and change in weight: the weight of the evidence. Br J Nutr. 2007 Sep;98(3):456–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
15. Salas-Salvadó, J. et al. Effect of a Mediterranean diet supplemented with nuts on metabolic syndrome status: one-year results of the PREDIMED randomized trial. Arch Intern Med. 2008 Dec 8;168(22):2449–58.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
16. Cortés, B. et al. Acute effects of high-fat meals enriched with walnuts or olive oil on postprandial endothelial function. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006 Oct 17;48(8):1666–71.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
17. Ma, Y. et al. Effects of walnut consumption on endothelial function in type 2 diabetic subjects: a randomized controlled crossover trial. Diabetes Care. 2010 Feb;33(2):227–32.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
18. Schutte, AE. et al. Modulation of baroreflex sensitivity by walnuts versus cashew nuts in subjects with metabolic syndrome. Am J Hypertens. 2006 Jun;19(6):629–36.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
19. Josse, AR. et al. Almonds and postprandial glycemia--a dose-response study. Metabolism. 2007 Mar;56(3):400–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
20. Jenkins, DJ. et al. Effect of almonds on insulin secretion and insulin resistance in nondiabetic hyperlipidemic subjects: a randomized controlled crossover trial. Metabolism. 2008 Jul;57(7):882–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
21. Sari, I. et al. Effect of pistachio diet on lipid parameters, endothelial function, inflammation, and oxidative status: a prospective study. Nutrition. 2010 Apr;26(4):399404.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
22. Casas-Agustench, P. et al. Effects of one serving of mixed nuts on serum lipids, insulin resistance and inflammatory markers in patients with the metabolic syndrome. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2009 Dec 21.Google Scholar
23. Sabaté, J. et al. Nuts, blood lipids and cardiovascular disease. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2010;19(1):131–6.Google ScholarPubMed
24. Casas-Agustench, P. et al. Nuts, inflammation and insulin resistance. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2010;19(1):124–30.Google ScholarPubMed
25. Jiménez-Gómez, Y. et al. Olive oil and walnut breakfasts reduce the postprandial inflammatory response in mononuclear cells compared with a butter breakfast in healthy men. Atherosclerosis. 2009 Jun;204(2):e706.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
26. Perez-Martinez, P. et al. The chronic intake of a Mediterranean diet enriched in virgin olive oil, decreases nuclear transcription factor kappaB activation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy men. Atherosclerosis. 2007 Oct;194(2):e1416. Epub 2007 Jan 3.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
27. Garg, ML. et al. Macadamia nut consumption modulates favourably risk factors for coronary artery disease in hypercholesterolemic subjects. Lipids. 2007 Jun;42(6):583–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
28. Canales, A. et al. Platelet aggregation, eicosanoid production and thrombogenic ratio in individuals at high cardiovascular risk consuming meat enriched in walnut paste. A crossover, placebo-controlled study. Br J Nutr. 2009 Jul;102(1):134–41.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
29. Mukuddem-Petersen, J. et al. Effects of a high walnut and high cashew nut diet on selected markers of the metabolic syndrome: a controlled feeding trial. Br J Nutr. 2007 Jun;97(6):1144–53.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
30. Akcan, B. et al. The effect of diet with hazelnut on susceptibility of LDL to oxidation and protection role of HDL on LDL oxidation in subjects with hypercholesterolemia. Presentation at 3rd International Congress of Food and Nutrition, in Antalya, Turkey, 2009.Google Scholar
31. López-Uriarte, P. et al. Nuts and oxidation: a systematic review. Nutr Rev. 2009 Sep;67(9):497508.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
32. Davis, PA. et al. Tree nut and peanut consumption in relation to chronic and metabolic diseases including allergy. J Nutr. 2008 Sep;138(9):1757S1762S.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
33. Crespo, JF. et al. Food allergy: nuts and tree nuts. Br J Nutr. 2006 Nov;96 Suppl 2:S95102.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
34. Nash, SD. et al. Nuts as part of a healthy cardiovascular diet. Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2008 Dec;10(6):529–35.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
35. Kris-Etherton, PM. et al. The role of tree nuts and peanuts in the prevention of coronary heart disease: multiple potential mechanisms. J Nutr. 2008 Sep;138(9):1746S1751S.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
36. King, JC. et al. Tree nuts and peanuts as components of a healthy diet. J Nutr. 2008 Sep;138(9):1736S1740S.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed