^{page 66 note 1} Kermode, P.M.C. in List of Manx Antiquities (Douglas, 1930Google Scholar) (quoted in the following notes as Kermode, List) mentions the site under earthworks, p. 40, no. 1: ‘Can this be the Danes’ Fort mentioned in C.R.P. 1719?’ and again under Watch and Ward Stations, p. 43: ‘Post for the night watch, Hangman's Hill. This was the name of the little promontory with the fort overlooking the mouth of the river, above the Mooragh, Ramsey.’ There is some confusion: Hangman's Hill (at a in fig. 7) has no promontory and does not just overlook the mouth of the river (see also p. 76, n. 2, below). In the first edition of the List of Manx Antiquities (Douglas, 1900), p. 7Google Scholar, Kermode suggests our site as the place of the still-unidentified earthwork in Ramsey Bay: ‘Is this Fort Loyal (1648) built by James Earl of Derby, to command the harbour, which in those days would be the N. end of the Mooragh?’ In Kermode and A. W. Herdman, Manks Antiquities (Douglas, 1914), the same suggestion is put forward (p. 131).

^{page 70 note 1} So our site can be neither the 17th-century Fort Loyal nor the ‘Danes Ffort’ where a battery of ‘2 Sacres mounted’ (The Journal of the Manx Museum, 1930, vol. ii, p. 20Google Scholar) had been. This ‘Danes Ffort’ might be anywhere. If it was near Ramsey, which is most likely, the Ballure site directly south of Ramsey seems possible (Kermode's List, p. 46, no. 3, under Parish Maughold, No. 2 in our map fig. 8) and the name ‘Danes Ffort’ may imply that this battery was erected on an older site. Fort Loyal, identical with the 17th-century New Fort, can be identified by entries in the manorial roll of the 18th century as sited at the present harbour-mouth (south side) where the harbour master's office is now. This was apparently over-looked by Kermode (b in fig. 7).

^{page 71 note 1} For example, see Richmond, I. A., ‘The Agricolan Fort at Fendoch’, P.S.A.S. 1938–9, lxxiii, 110Google Scholar.

^{page 71 note 2} Such wattle construction is known from Scandinavia, cf. Sigtuna, lowest level (Soderberg, Bengt, ‘Die Grabungen in Sigtuna’, Fornvännen, xxxvii, 1942, p. 335Google Scholar, fig. 11).

^{page 74 note 1} Shetelig, H. and Falk, H., Scandinavian Archaeology, 1937, pp. 318Google Scholar ff. For the earlier occurrences of the three-aisled long-house, see the short survey by Tischler, F. in Forschungen und Fortschritte, 1948, xxiv, p. 233Google Scholar.

^{page 74 note 2} For Greenland: Roussel, Aage, Farms and Churches in the Medieval Settlements of Greenland, København, 1941, p. 202Google Scholar. For Iceland: Stenberger, M., Forntida Gardar i Island, København, 1943, p. 321Google Scholar.

^{page 75 note 1} Antiq. Journ., 1942, xxii, 39 ff.

^{page 75 note 2} Cf. the evidence from Hvalsey, Greenland, fig. 87 in Aage Roussel, loc. cit., or the evidence from Isleifsstadir, Iceland, figs. 97, 104 in Stenberger, loc. cit.

^{page 76 note 1} Such is the local tradition, and it is likely that it was so. But Lamplugh, G. V., The Geology of the Isle of Man, 1903, p. 430Google Scholar, does not establish that the Sulby river flowed out at the N. end of Mooragh.

^{page 76 note 2} The situation alone disposes of the theory that our site was Hangman's Hill (a on map, fig. 7), the place of watch and ward, and that our houses were the temporary shelters of the people in the look-out. For even if the Vikings had already the system of watch and ward, there are much more suitable sites for such purposes available in its neighbourhood on higher ground with wider outlook. William Cubbon has identified this Hangman's Hill with a place go ft. high some 2,000 yards south of our promontory at the edge of the broogh above the Mooragh (Proc. I.M.N.H.A.S. iii, 258).

^{page 77 note 1} [8] Kermode, List, p. 68, no. 6; [9] ibid., p. 72, no. 4.

^{page 77 note 2} Ibid., p. 7, no. 2.

^{page 77 note 3} Ibid., no. 3. B. Megaw informs me that remains of another eroded fort not on the map, and not mentioned by Kermode, are south of Creg Lea overlooking Niarby Bay [16].

^{page 78 note 1} Kermode, List, p. 78, no. 3, identical with ibid., p. 73, no. 8.

^{page 78 note 2} Ibid., p. 68, nos. 3 and 4. A very ruined promontory (perhaps Kermode, List, p. 67, no. 2) lies north of these two in Santon [5]. Bank and ditch are definite, but the area on the seaward site is small and steeply sloping, perhaps a good deal eroded or slipped towards the sea. (Information kindly supplied by B. Megaw).

^{page 78 note 3} Ibid., p. 32, no. 1. On this coast the strong erosion may have destroyed other promontories, for B. Megaw informs me that a 16th-century fortification, Ballaugh Burn Fort [20], not mentioned in Kermode, was eroded away completely by 1700.

^{page 78 note 4} Ibid., p. 14, no. 1.

^{page 78 note 5} Ibid., p. 46, no. 3 (see also p. 70, n. 1).

^{page 78 note 6} Ibid., p. 73, no. 5.

^{page 78 note 7} Not mentioned by Kermode.

^{page 78 note 8} Not mentioned by Kermode. A bank near the lighthouse looks modern.

^{page 79 note 1} Ibid., p. 84, no. 4 (defences not on the O.S. maps).

^{page 79 note 2} Inventory of the County of Pembroke, 1925, no. 943.

^{page 79 note 3} Arch. Camb., 1939, p. 210; 1940, p. 9; 1941, p. 23.

^{page 79 note 4} Kermode, List, p. 84, no. 3; plan and description by Bruce, R. in Proc. I.M.N.H.A.S. iv, no. 3 (1941), p. 337Google Scholar.

^{page 79 note 5} Kermode, List, p. 47, no. 5.

^{page 79 note 6} Th. J. Westropp's valuable descriptions and sketches of promontories on the Irish coast published in P.R.I.A. and J.R.S.A.I. show that the same types of promontories as on Man exist also in Ireland. Not represented on Man are the big headland forts like that in townland Drumanagh (Co. Dublin), Loughshinny, similar to that at Fifeness (Inventory of Fife, no. 120) on the east coast of Scotland. The Parade [15] is the only promontory on Man of somewhat similar aspect, but it is much smaller.