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Quoit Brooch Style Buckles

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 November 2011

Extract

During excavation in 1967 of an Anglo-Saxon cemetery at Mucking in Essex, bronze belt equipment (pls. liii, liv) was found in situ on a body stain in grave 117. Its importance is immediately obvious, for not only is it a fine piece of craftsmanship and the only complete set of its kind, but it supplies the missing link between the late Roman military belt equipment and metalwork in the Quoit Brooch Style of Anglo-Saxon England. At much the same time that this buckle came to light at Mucking, another buckle of the same period, but of a different type, was found in an Anglo-Saxon cemetery at Orpington in Kent (fig. 2 a), and a few weeks later another was found in a cemetery at Bishopstone, Sussex. With the advantage of the information provided by these new buckles it is now possible to distinguish other works belonging to the same milieu, and to see problems connected with them in a different perspective.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Society of Antiquaries of London 1968

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References

page 231 note 1 Excavation by Mrs. Margaret Jones for M.O.P.B.W.; interim report pp. 210–30 above.

page 231 note 2 Evison 1965, p. 49. Only a few months after the appearance of this, A. Roes, in an article which must have been printed at the same time, came to the same conclusion with the aid of a larger body of evidence: Roes, A., ‘Continental Quoit Brooches’, Antiq. Journ. xlv (1965), 1821CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

page 231 note 3 A. Roes, op. cit., p. 20.

page 231 note 4 Evison 1965, p. 68.

page 231 note 5 Riegl 1923, pl. xv, 3.

page 231 note 6 Evison 1965, p. 50.

page 231 note 7 Ibid., pl. 13 b.

page 232 note 1 Behrens, G., ‘Spätrömische Kerbschnittschnallen’, Schumacher Festschrift, 1930, p. 288Google Scholar, Abb. 3, No. 24.

page 232 note 2 Werner 1929, Abb. 34; cf. Riegl 1923, fig. 64.

page 232 note 3 Cf. also grave 818, Rhenen, P.Glazema, J. Ypey, Merovingische Ambachtskunst, 1956, p. 13Google Scholar.

page 232 note 4 Werner 1929, Abb. 35.

page 232 note 5 Ibid., Abb. 37; Riegl 1923, fig. 66.

page 232 note 6 G. Behrens, op. cit., Taf. 31, 3, 6, and 7; Taf. 32, A, Abb. 8. Hawkes and Dunning 1961, pl. 11 b.

page 232 note 7 Riegl 1923, fig. 70.

page 232 note 8 Behrens, op. cit., Taf. 29, A.

page 232 note 9 Evison 1965, pl. 9 a. An oblong plate with swastika design and tubular edging is a stray find from Gelbe Burg, Günzen hausen.

page 232 note 10 Glazema and Ypey, op. cit. 1956, p. 14.

page 233 note 1 Hawkes and Dunning 1961, fig. 13, o.

page 233 note 2 Landesmuseum, Bonn, Inv. Nr. 30013.

page 233 note 3 Koch, R., ‘Die spätkaiserzeitliche Gurtelgarnitur von der Ehrenburg bei Forchheim (Oberfranken)’, Germania, xliii (1965), 105–20Google Scholar, Taf. 13. 1.

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page 233 note 5 Riegl 1923, fig. 70 and pl. xvii b; cf. one from Chamleux, Belgium, , Arch. Belgica, lxxiv (1963), fig. 19Google Scholar.

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page 233 note 7 Reutsch, W., Frühchristliche Zeugnisse, 1965, p. 191Google Scholar, pl. 10.

page 234 note 1 der Ricci, S., Merovingian Antiquities, 1910, pl. xiv, 166Google Scholar.

page 234 note 2 Evison 1965, pl. v a and Map 2.

page 234 note 3 Duignan, M., ‘The Moylough (Co. Sligo) and Other Irish Belt-reliquaries’, Journ. Galway Arch. & Hist. Soc., xxiv (1951), 8394Google Scholar; F. Henry, Irish Art in the Early Christian Period to A.D. 800, 1965, pls. 34 and 35.

page 234 note 4 Riegl 1923, Taf. XVIII, 2.

page 235 note 1 A. Götze, Gotische Schnallen, Taf. V, Nr. 14 (Type Bb).

page 235 note 2 W. von Jenny, Die Kunst der Germanen im frühen Mittelalter, pl. 20.

page 235 note 3 After the above was in print I came upon the consideration of the Moylough belt in Bericht uber den V. Internationalen Kongress für Vor- und Frühgeschichte Hamburg vom 24 bis 30 August 1958 (1961), G. Bersu and W. Dehn, p. 651, by L. de Paor, who commented on the relationship of its form to that of late Roman types.

page 235 note 4 K. Raddatz, ‘Germanische und römische Schnallen der Kaiserzeit’, Saalburg Jahrbuch, xv (1956), 95–101, Abb. 4, 4.

page 235 note 5 H. F. Bidder and J. Morris, ‘The Anglo Saxon Cemetery at Mitcham’, Surrey Arch. Coll. lvi (1959), 133, pl. xiii.

page 236 note 1 Riegl 1927, pl. xv, 3.

page 236 note 2 Y Cymmrodor, xli (1930), fig. 56, 22.

page 236 note 3 Evison 1965, pl. 13 c.

page 236 note 4 P.S.A. 2nd series, iii (1864–7), 136–41.

page 236 note 5 Hawkes and Dunning 1961, fig. 12.

page 236 note 6 Werner, J. in Breuer, J. and Roosens, H., ‘Le Cimetière franc de Haillot’, Arch. Belgica, xxxiv (1957), 320–3Google Scholar; also Werner, J., ‘Kriegergräber aus der ersten Hälfte des 5 Jahrhunderts zwischen Schelde und Weser’, Bonner Jahrbücher, clviii (1958), 391 ffGoogle Scholar.

page 236 note 7 Evison 1965, p. 27, Map 7.

page 236 note 8 Cf. R. Koch, op. cit.; the St. Severin piece is in the Schatzkammer im Zeughaus, Köln.

page 236 note 9 Riegl 1923, fig. 36.

page 236 note 10 Hawkes and Dunning 1961, fig. 20f; Dr. H. Bullinger, who is making a catalogue of this type of late Roman buckle, kindly informs me that there is no buckle like this on the Continent.

page 237 note 1 Warhurst, A., ‘The Jutish Cemetery at Lyminge’, Archaeologia Cantiana, lxix (1955), 8Google Scholar, fig. 5, Nos. 6, 7 a and b, fig. 8, No. 1.

page 237 note 2 Evison 1965, p. 63.

page 237 note 3 Nenquin, J. A. E., La Nécropole de Furfooz, 1953Google Scholar, pl. vi, D. 10.

page 237 note 4 Prähistorischer Blätter, xvii (1905), 19Google Scholar, Taf. II, 2.

page 237 note 5 Evison 1965, fig. 23 f–h.

page 237 note 6 Ibid., fig. 16 h–i.

page 237 note 7 Ibid., fig. 16 c; cf. pl. 2 a, e, and pl. 3 a, c.

page 237 note 8 Brown, G. Baldwin, The Arts in Early England, iii (1915), pl. lxxv, 3Google Scholar.

page 237 note 9 Bidder and Morris, op. cit., pls. viii and xiv.

page 237 note 10 Cf. Evison 1965, pl. 5 c and fig. 9 d.

page 238 note 1 Arch. 39, i, p. 141.

page 238 note 2 Evison 1965, Map 4.

page 238 note 3 Ibid., pl. 9 a.

page 238 note 4 Ibid., fig. 9 e.

page 238 note 5 Kirk, J. R. and Leeds, E. T., ‘Three Early Saxon Graves from Dorchester, Oxon.’, Oxoniensia, xvii/xviii (1952/3), fig. 28, p. 65Google Scholar.

page 238 note 6 Roes, A., ‘Une garniture de ceinturon a décor entaillé provenant de Rhenen’, Berichten van de Rijksdienst voor het oudheidkundig Bodemonderzoek, iv, pt. ii, 32–7Google Scholar, Afb. 2.

page 239 note 1 Werner 1929, Abb. 41.

page 239 note 2 Mertens, J., ‘Laat-Romeins grafte Oudenburg’, Arch. Belgica, lxxx (1964), Afb. 12Google Scholar.

page 239 note 3 R. Laur-Belart, op. cit., Abb. 39.

page 240 note 1 J. Werner, op. cit., 1958, Taf. 80, Abb. 2.

page 240 note 2 Ibid., Taf. 77, Abb. 1.

page 240 note 3 Pirling, R., Das römisch-fränkische Grāberfeld von Krefeld-Gellep, 1966, pp. 208–9Google Scholar, Taf. 10, 7–9, Taf. 79, 5–11, Taf. 91, 10–13.

page 240 note 4 Evison 1965, p. 62.

page 241 note 1 Ibid., pp. 50–1, Map 10.

page 241 note 2 Women's graves: Petersfinger grave xlviii, Chatham Lines tumulus 6, Riseley, Horton Kirby grave xcvii, Alfriston grave 103 (6 beads). Men's graves: Alfriston grave 91, Alfriston grave 14, High Down grave xxix (two iron buckles), Reading grave 13 (the only possibly feminine objects here are two finger rings which are rather large for a woman). Evison 1965, pp. 99–100.

page 241 note 3 Vierck, H., ‘Bemerkungen zum Verlaufsweg finnisch-angel-sächsischer Beziehungen im sechsten Jahrhundert’, Suomen Museo, 1967, 54–6Google Scholar.

page 241 note 4 Ibid., p. 56.

page 241 note 5 Douglas, J., Nenia Britannica (1793), pl. 6. 14.Google Scholar