Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-8bhkd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-18T01:22:54.376Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effects of duration of zilpaterol hydrochloride supplementation on growth performance, carcass traits and meat quality of grain-fed cull cows

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 December 2009

P. E. Strydom  and
M. F. Smith
P. E. Strydom*
Affiliation:
Agricultural Research Council, Animal Production Institute, Private Bag X2, Irene, 0062, South Africa
M. F. Smith
Affiliation:
Agricultural Research Council, Biometry Unit, PO Box 8783, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
*
†E-mail: pstrydom@arc.agric.za
Get access

Abstract

Several studies have shown that feeding of an energy-dense diet over short periods to cull cows could be profitable in terms of increased saleable yield and improved carcass conditions. Although the application of growth promoters, such as anabolic implants and beta agonists, in finishing of cull cows have been recorded, there is no conclusive evidence as to the timing and duration of beta agonists in cull cow production. In this study, 288 cull cows with four or more permanent incisors and varying weights and body conditions were divided into four treatment groups so that variation in age, weight and body condition were equally distributed among groups. One group received concentrate feed without any beta agonist (C), whereas the other three groups also received concentrate feed with zilpaterol hydrochloride (6 p.p.m.) for 20 (Z20), 30 (Z30) or 40 (Z40) days, respectively, followed by a 2-day withdrawal. Animals were adapted for 10 days on a grain-based diet and fed an additional 40 days before slaughter. Growth rate and efficiency (live and carcass), trimmed meat yield and meat tenderness (Warner Bratzler shear force and sensory) of the aged (10 days) m. longissimus thoracis (LT) and m. semitendinosus (ST) were recorded. In general, Z cows had higher carcass gains and efficiency of gain than C cows (P < 0.05). In addition, Z carcasses showed higher proportional trimmed meat yields than C carcasses (P < 0.05). No significant differences in tenderness measurements were recorded for LT or ST. In general, supplementation of zilpaterol for 30 days showed better growth performance and higher trimmed meat yield than 20 and 40 days supplementation.

Keywords

cull cowsbeta agonistzilpaterol hydrochloridegrowth performancetenderness
Type
Full Paper
Information
animal , Volume 4 , Issue 4 , April 2010 , pp. 653 - 660
Copyright
Copyright © The Animal Consortium 2009

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Agricultural Product Standards 1999. Regulations regarding the classification and marketing of meat (Act No. 119 of 1990). National Department of Agriculture, Government Gazette of South Africa No. R. 342, Pretoria, South Africa.Google Scholar
American Meat Science Association (AMSA) 1995. Research guidelines for cookery, sensory evaluation and instrumental tenderness measurements of fresh meat. National Livestock and Meat Board, Chicago, IL, USA.Google Scholar
Avendaño-Reyes, L, Torres-Rodríguez, V, Meraz-Murillo, FJ, Pérez-Linares, C, Figueroa-Saavedra, F, Robinson, PH 2006. Effects of two β-adrenergic agonists on finishing performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of feedlot steers. Journal of Animal Science 84, 3259–3265.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brooks, JC, Claus, HC, Dikeman, ME, Shook, J, Hilton, GG, Lawrence, TE, Mehaffey, JM, Johnson, BJ, Allen, DM, Streeter, MN, Nichols, WT, Hutcheson, JP, Yates, DA, Miller, MF 2009. Effects of zilpaterol hydrochloride feeding duration and post mortem aging on Warner–Bratzler shear force of three muscles from beef steers and heifers. Journal of Animal Science 87, 3764–3769.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cranwell, CD, Unruh, JA, Brethour, JR, Simms, DD, Campbell, RE 1996a. Influence of steroid implants and concentrate feeding on performance and carcass composition of cull cows. Journal of Animal Science 74, 1770–1776.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cranwell, CD, Unruh, JA, Brethour, JR, Simms, DD 1996b. Influence of steroid implants and concentrate feeding on carcass and longissimus muscle sensory and collagen characteristics of cull beef cows. Journal of Animal Science 74, 1777–1783.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dunshea, FR, D’Souza, DN, Pethick, DW, Harper, GS, Warner, RD 2005. Effects of dietary factors and other metabolic modifiers on quality and nutritional value of meat. Meat Science 71, 8–38.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gonzalez, JM, Carter, JN, Johnson, DD, Ouellette, SE, Johnson, SE 2007. Effect of ractopamine-hydrochloride and trenbolone acetate on longissimus muscle fiber area, diameter, and satellite cell numbers in cull beef cows. Journal of Animal Science 85, 1893–1901.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hilton, GG, Montgomery, JL, Krehbiel, CR, Yates, DA, Hutcheson, JP, Nichols, WT, Streeter, MN, Blanton, JR, Miller, MF 2009. Effects of feeding zilpaterol hydrochloride with and without monensin and tylosin on carcass cutability and meat palatability of beef steers. Journal of Animal Science 87, 1394–1406.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jones, SDM 1983. Tissue growth in young and mature cull Holstein cows fed a high energy diet. Journal of Animal Science 56, 64–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jones, SDM, Macleod, GK 1981. The feedlot performance and carcass composition of young and mature cull Holstein cows. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 61, 593–599.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leheska, JM, Montgomery, JL, Krehbiel, CR, Yates, DA, Hutcheson, JP, Nichols, WT, Streeter, M, Blanton, JR, Miller, MF 2009. Dietary zilpaterol hydrochloride. II Carcass composition and meat palatability of beef cattle. Journal of Animal Science 87, 1384–1393.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mersmann, HJ 1998. Overview of the effects of beta-adrenergic receptor agonists on animal growth including mechanisms of action. Journal of Animal Science 76, 160–172.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Matulis, RJ, McKeith, FK, Faulkner, DB, Berger, LL, George, P 1987. Growth and carcass characteristics of cull cows after different times-on-feed. Journal of Animal Science 65, 669–674.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Montgomery, JL, Krehbiel, CR, Cranston, JJ, Yates, DA, Hutcheson, JP, Nichols, WT, Streeter, MN, Bechtol, DT, Johnson, E, TerHune, T, Montgomery, TH 2009. Dietary zilpaterol hydrochloride I. Feedlot performance and carcass traits of steers and heifers. Journal of Animal Science 87, 1374–1383.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Neill, S, Unruh, JA, Marston, TT, Jaeger, JR, Hunt, MC, Higgins, JJ 2009. Effects of implanting and feeding zilpaterol hydrochloride on performance, carcass characteristics, and subprimal beef yields of fed cows. Journal of Animal Science 87, 704–710.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Payne, RW, Murray, DA, Harding, SA, Baird, DB, Soutar, DM 2007. GenStat for Windows®, 10th Edition. Introduction. VSN International, Hemel Hempstead, UK.Google Scholar
Robles-Estrada, JC, Arrizon, AA, Barreras, A, Calderon, JF, Figueroa-Saavedra, F, Torrentera, N, Plascencia, A, Zinn, RA 2009. Effects of preslaughter withdrawal period on response of feedlot heifers to zilpaterol hydrochloride supplementation: growth performance and carcass characteristics. Journal of Animal Science 87, 1759–1763.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sawyer, JE, Mathis, CP, Davis, B 2004. Effects of feeding strategy and age on live performance, carcass characteristics, and economics of short-term feeding programs for culled beef cows. Journal of Animal Science 82, 3646–3653.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stelzleni, AM, Patten, LE, Johnson, DD, Calkins, CR, Gwartney, BL 2007. Benchmarking carcass characteristics and muscles from commercially identified beef and dairy cull cow carcasses for Warner–Bratzler shear force and sensory attributes. Journal of Animal Science 85, 2631–2638.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Strydom, PE, Frylinck, L, Montgomery, JL, Smith, MF 2009. The comparison of three [beta]-agonists for growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of feedlot cattle. Meat Science 81, 557–564.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Swingle, RS, Roubicek, CB, Wooten, RA, Marchello, JA, Dryden, FD 1979. Realimentation of cull range cows. I. Effect of final body condition and dietary energy level on rate, efficiency and composition of gains. Journal of Animal Science 48, 913–918.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vasconcelos, JT, Rathmann, RJ, Reuter, RR, Leibovich, J, McMeniman, JP, Hales, KE, Covey, TL, Miller, MF, Nichols, WT, Galyean, ML 2008. Effects of duration of zilpaterol hydrochloride feeding and days on the finishing diet on feedlot cattle performance and carcass traits. Journal of Animal Science 86, 2005–2015.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vestergaard, M, Madsen, NT, Bligaard, HB, Bredahl, L, Rasmussen, PT, Andersen, HR 2007. Consequences of two or four months of finishing feeding of culled dry dairy cows on carcass characteristics and technological and sensory meat quality. Meat Science 76, 635–643.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed