Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-r5zm4 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-02T00:15:44.135Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effects of a β-andrenergic agonist on growth performance, body composition and nutrient retention in finishing pigs fed normal or low amounts of protein

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 September 2010

A. Bracher-Jakob  and
J. W. Blum
A. Bracher-Jakob
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition Pathology, Institute of Animal Breeding University, 3012 Berne, Switzerland
J. W. Blum
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition Pathology, Institute of Animal Breeding University, 3012 Berne, Switzerland
Get access

Abstract

In earlier studies with pigs the P-adrenergic agonist Ro 16·8714 ((3-AG) enhanced the efficiency of nitrogen (N) retention. Therefore effects of Ro 16·8714 were studied on growth rate, body composition, N, fat and energy retention in pigs fed isoenergetically, but given different amounts of protein (112 or 138 g/kg diet) without (groups LP and NP) or with 60 mg Ro 16·8714 per kg diet (groups LPP and NPP) from 60 to 100 kg live weight. Weight gain (898, 927, 855 and 810 g/day in NP, NPp, LP and LPp) decreased, whereas food: gain ratio (2·94, 2·82, 3·04 and 3·24 kg/kg in NP, NPP, LP and LPP) was increased by low protein intake (P < 0·05) and both weight gain and food conversion were modified by the interaction (P × P) of protein intake and Ro 16·8714 (P < 0·05). Killing-out proportion (820, 830, 830 and 830 g/kg in groups NP, NPp, LP and LPP) was modified by protein intake and Ro 16·8714 (P < 0·05). Carcass growth rate (760, 814, 748 and 723 g/day in NP, NPP, LP and LPP) was modified by protein intake and by P × p (P < 0·05), while non-carcass growth rate (90, 77, 76 and 56 g/day in NP, NPP, LP and LPP) was changed by protein intake and by Ro 16·8714 (P < 0·05). Compared with NP, weights of kidneys (−0·025 kg), small intestine (−0·26 kg) and large intestine (−0·17 kg) were decreased by low protein feeding, and weights of heart, spleen and stomach decreased in response to Ro 16·8714 (-002, -0·02 and -0·06 kg; P < 0·05) while both low protein intake and Ro 16·8714 reduced liver weight (−0·12 and −0·23 kg, respectively; P < 0·05) and blood volume obtained at slaughter (-0·12 and -0·23 kg; P < 0·05). Carcass N (1813, 1970, 1786 and 1825 g in NP NPp, LP and LPP) increased in response to Ro 16-8714, but was reduced by low protein intake (P < 0·05), while noncarcass N (330, 309, 312 and 285 g in NP, NPp, LP and LPP) was decreased by both low protein intake and Ro 16-8714 (P < 0·01). Carcass and non-carcass fat (22·1, 19·9, 23·4 and 23·0 kg, respectively 1·51, 1·41, 1·59 and 1·68 kg in NP, NPp, LP and LPP) increased with low protein feeding (P < 0·05), but were not significantly influenced by Ro 16·8714. The efficiency of N retention (295, 363, 321 and 327 g/kg N retained: N intake in NP, NPp, LP and LPP) was enhanced by Ro 16·8714 (P > 0·05) whereas the efficiency of energy retention was not influenced by Ro 16·8714 and protein intake. In conclusion, an adequate intake of protein is necessary for optimum expression of many, but not all, effects of the P-adrenergic agonist Ro 16·8714.

Keywords

β-adrenergic agonistsbody compositiongrowthprotein intakepigs
Type
Research Article
Information
Animal Production , Volume 51 , Issue 3 , December 1990 , pp. 601 - 611
Copyright
Copyright © British Society of Animal Science 1990

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Anderson, D. B., Paxton, R. E. and Mowrey, D. H. 1989. The effect of dietary protein on the additivity of ractopamine and porcine somatotropin on nitrogen metabolism of finishing pigs. Journal of Animal Science 67: Suppl. 1, pp. 221 (Abstr.).Google Scholar
Berschauer, F. 1989. Effects of fS-receptor agonists on protein and lipid metabolism. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the European Association for Animal Production, Dublin.Google Scholar
Berschauer, F., Klotz, G. and Greife, H.-A. 1987. (β-adrenergic action on protein metabolism in growing pigs. Wissenschaftliche Zeitschrift, Wilhelm Pieck Universitat Rostock Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe 31–32.Google Scholar
Blum, J. W. and Fluckiger, N. 1988. Early metabolic and endocrine effects of perorally administered β adrenoceptor agonists in calves. European Journal of Pharmacology 151: 177–187.Google Scholar
Boyd, R. D., Wray-Cahen, D. and Krick, B. 1989. Interrelationship between amino acid nutrition and protein accretion in growing swine receiving somatotropin: theoretical calculations and empirical validation. Journal of Animal Science 67: Suppl. 1, pp. 210 (Abstr.).Google Scholar
Bracher-Jakob, A., Stoll, P. and Blum, J. W. 1990. Effects of a (β-adrenoceptor agonist on performance, nitrogen balance, body composition and retention of nitrogen, fat and energy of finishing pigs during restricted or ad libitum feeding. Livestock Production Science 25: 231–246.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Buttery, J. and Dawson, J. M. 1987. The mode of action of fi-agonists as manipulators of carcass composition. In Beta-agonists and their Effects on Animal Growth and Carcass Quality (ed. Hanrahan, J. P.), pp. 29–43. Elsevier, London.Google Scholar
Campbell, R. G., Taverner, M. R. and Curic, D. M. 1988. The effects of sex and live weight on the growing pig's response to dietary protein. Animal Production 46: 123–130.Google Scholar
Davey, R. J. and Bereskin, B. 1978. Genetic and nutritional effects on carcass chemical composition and organ weights of market swine. Journal of Animal Science 46: 992–1000.Google Scholar
Fiems, L. O. 1987. Effect of β-adrenergic agonists in animal production and their mode of action. Annales de Zootechnie 36: 271–290.Google Scholar
Hanrahan, J. P., Quirke, J. F., Bomann, W., Allen, P., McEwan, J. C., Fitzsimons, J. M., Kotzian, J. and Roche, J. F. 1986. pβagonists and their effects on growth and carcass quality. In Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition (ed. Haresign, W. and Cole, D. J. A.), pp. 125–138. Butterworths, London.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hennio, U., Wuensche, J., Meini, M., Borgmanns, E., Kreienbring, F. and Bock, H. D. 1982. Einfluss einer abgestuften Proteinversorgung bei hohem Energveniveau auf die Mastleistung sowie den Ansatz und die Verwertung von Futterenergie, Protein und Aminosauren durch weibliche Mastschweine. Archiv fiir Tiererndhrung 32: 637–649.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Henny, C., Schutz, Y., Buckert, A., Meylan, M., Jequier, E. and Felber, J.-P. 1987. Thermogenic effect of the new beta-adrenoceptor agonist Ro 16-8714 in healthy volunteers. International Journal of Obesity, 11: 473–483.Google Scholar
Hirni, H., Lazary, S. and Blum, J. 1990. Immunological reactions of pigs during longterm βadrenergic treatment. Zentralblatt fur Veterinarmedizin Reihe A In press.Google Scholar
Hofstetter, P. M. 1987. Einfluss unterschiedlich hoher Rohprotein-, Rohfaser- und Fettzufuhr auf das Wachstum und den Stoffwechsel von Schweinen. Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland, Thesis No. 8228.Google Scholar
Inkster, J. E., Hovell, F. D. DeB., Kyle, D. J., Brown, D. S. and Lobley, G. E. 1989. The effect of clenbuterol on basal protein turnover and endogenous nitrogen loss of sheep. British Journal of Nutrition 62: 285–296.Google Scholar
Jones, D. J., Waitt, W. P., Mowrey, D. H. and Anderson, D. B. 1987. Effect of ractopamine hydrochloride on growth performance and carcass composition of finisher pigs fed 16, 20 or 24% crude protein diets. Journal of Animal Science 66: Suppl. 1, p. 127 (Abstr.).Google Scholar
Jones, D. J., Waitt, D. H., Mowrey, D. H. and Anderson, D. B. 1988. Effect of ractopamine hydrochloride on the growth performance and carcass composition of finisher pigs fed corn-soy diets with 5% added fat. Journal of Animal Science 66: Suppl. 1, p. 324 (Abstr.).Google Scholar
Jones, R. W., Easter, R. A., McKeith, F. K., Dalrymple, R. H., Madock, H. M. and Bechtel, P. J. 1985. Effects of the P-adrenergic agonist cimaterol (CL 263,780) on the growth and carcass characteristics of finishing swine. Journal of Animal Science 61: 905–913.Google Scholar
Kim, Y. S., Lee, Y. B. and Dalrymple, R. H. 1987. Effect of the repartitioning agent cimaterol on growth, carcass and skeletal muscle characteristics in lambs. Journal of Animal Science 65: 1392–1399.Google Scholar
Kim, Y. S., Lee, Y. B., Garrett, W. N. and Dalrymple, R. H. 1989. Effects of cimaterol on nitrogen and energy utilization in lambs. Journal of Animal Science 67: 674–681.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Meier, M., Alig, L., Buergi-Saville, M. E. and Mueller, M. 1984. Phentolamine derivatives with calorigenic and antidiabetic qualities. International Journal of Obesity 8: 215–225.Google Scholar
Mersmann, H. J., Hu, C. Y., Pond, W. G., Rule, D. C., Novakovsky, J. E. and Smith, S. B. 1987. Growth and adipose tissue metabolism in young pigs fed cimaterol or low protein. Journal of Animal Science 64: 1384–1394.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mills, S. E. and Orcutt, A. L. 1989. Clenbuterolinduced desensitiziation in murine adipocytes: relationship to in vivo effectiveness. Domestic Animal Endocrinology 6: 51–58.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Moser, R. J., Dalrymple, R. H., Cornelius, S. G., Pettigrew, J. E. and Allen, C. A. 1986. Effect of cimaterol (CL 263,780) as a repartitioning agent in the diet for finishing pigs. Journal of Animal Science 62: 21–26.Google Scholar
Orcutt, A. L., Cline, T. R. and Mills, S. E. 1989. Influence of the pvadrenergic agonist clenbuterol on insulin-stimulated lipogenesis in mouse adipocytes. Domestic Animal Endocrinology 6: 59–69.Google Scholar
Ricks, C. A., Dalrymple, R. H., Baker, P. K. and Ingle, D. L. 1984. Use of a β-agonist to alter fat and muscle deposition in steers. Journal of Animal Science 59: 1247–1255.Google Scholar
Steele, N. C., Campbell, G., Caperna, T. J., McMurtry, J. P. and Solomon, M. B. 1989. PST efficacy in North America: management variables and advantages. In Biotechnology of Control of Growth and Product Quality in Swine: Implications and Acceptability (ed. Wai, P. van der, Nieuhof, G. J. and Politiek, R. G.), pp. 51–63. Pudoc, Wageningen.Google Scholar
Visek, W. J. 1978. The mode of growth promotion by antibiotics. Journal of Animal Science 46: 1447–1469.Google Scholar
Webster, A. J. F. 1989. Bioenergetics, bioengineering and growth. Animal Production 48: 249–269.Google Scholar
Williams, P. E. V. 1987. The use of β-agonists as a means of altering body composition in livestock species. Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series B 57: 453–464.Google Scholar
Williams, P. E. V. 1988. A short review and recent new data on the effects of treating domestic livestock with beta-agonists. In Control and Regulation of Animal Growth (ed. Quirke, J. F. and Schmid, H.), Publication, European Association for Animal Production, No. 36, pp. 126–140. Pudoc, Wageningen.Google Scholar
Williams, P. E. V., Pagliani, I., Innes, G. M., Pennie, K., Harris, C. I. and Garthwaite, P. 1987. Effects of the β-agonist (clenbuterol) on growth, carcass composition, protein and energy metabolism of veal calves. British Journal of Nutrition 57: 417–428.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wuensche, J., Meini, M., Hennig, U., Kreienbring, F. and Bock, H. D. 1982. Einfluss einer abgestuften Proteinversorgung bei hohem Enregieniveau auf die Mastleistung sowie den Ansatz und die Verwertung von Futterenergie, Protein und Aminosauren durch weibliche Mastschweine. Archiv fur Tierernahrung 32: 465–476.Google Scholar
Zhang, Y., Partridge, I. G. and Mitchell, K. G. 1982. The effect of dietary energy level and protein: energy ratio on nitrogen and energy balance, performance and carcass composition of pigs weaned at 3 weeks of age. Animal Production 42: 389–395.Google Scholar
Zimmerli, U. V. and Blum, J. W. 1990. Acute and longterm metabolic, endocrine, respiratory, cardiac and skeletal muscle activity changes in response to perorally administered fi-adrenoceptor agonists in calves. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 63: 157–172.Google Scholar