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The impact of racial pattern on the genetic improvement of Morada Nova sheep

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 March 2016

L. Shiotsuki ,
P.H.T. Silva ,
K.M. Silva ,
A.V. Landim ,
O.R. Morais  and
O. Facó
L. Shiotsuki*
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Breeding, Embrapa Fisheries and Aquaculture, Quadra 104 Sul, Av. LO 1, Número 34, Conjunto 4, 1° e 2° pavimentos, Palmas, TO 77020-020, Brazil
P.H.T. Silva
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, State University of Acaraú Valley, Sobral, CE, 62040-370, Brazil
K.M. Silva
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Breeding, Embrapa Goats and Sheep, Estrada Sobral/Groaíras, km 04, caixa postal 145, Sobral, CE 62010-970, Brazil
A.V. Landim
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, State University of Acaraú Valley, Sobral, CE, 62040-370, Brazil
O.R. Morais
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Breeding, Embrapa Goats and Sheep, Estrada Sobral/Groaíras, km 04, caixa postal 145, Sobral, CE 62010-970, Brazil
O. Facó
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, State University of Acaraú Valley, Sobral, CE, 62040-370, Brazil Department of Animal Breeding, Embrapa Goats and Sheep, Estrada Sobral/Groaíras, km 04, caixa postal 145, Sobral, CE 62010-970, Brazil
*
Correspondence to: L. Shiotsuki, Embrapa Fisheries and Aquaculture, Palmas, TO, Brazil. email: luciana.shiotsuki@embrapa.br
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Summary

The objective of the present study was to describe the frequency of the main racial traits of Morada Nova sheep and simulate the impact of this culling on the response to selection for birth weight. The data from sex, coat colour, hoof pigmentation, muzzle pigmentation, polled and cryptorchidism were collected individually at weaning from 385 Morada Nova sheep of the red variety, born between 2010 and 2012, which belonged to four different flocks in the state of Ceará, Brazil. To estimate the impact of culling of animals due to racial pattern on the genetic improvement of the Morada Nova population, the genetic gains in birth weight per generation were calculated considering the following different scenarios of culling due to racial pattern in a simulated population. The present results indicate that the most urgent step is flexibilization of the requirement of dark muzzles and hooves. The selection of Morada Nova sheep based on racial pattern has caused losses in the genetic gain for productive traits such as birth weight. Readaptation of the official racial pattern established for Morada Nova sheep is necessary so that the racial pattern is achieved and an adequate number of animals will be available for selection.

Résumé

Le but de cette étude a été de déterminer la fréquence des principaux traits raciaux des moutons de race Morada Nova et d'estimer l'impact du rejet pour la non-adéquation au standard de la race sur la réponse à la sélection par poids à la naissance. Les informations sur le sexe, la couleur de la robe, la pigmentation des onglons, la pigmentation du mufle, le manque de cornes et la cryptorchidie ont été recueillies individuellement au sevrage sur 385 agneaux Morada Nova de la variété rousse, nés entre 2010 et 2012. Ces agneaux appartenaient à quatre troupeaux différents de l’état du Ceará au Brésil. Afin d'estimer l'effet du rejet d'animaux pour la non-adéquation au standard racial sur l'amélioration génétique de la population Morada Nova, les gains génétiques de poids à la naissance par génération ont été calculés en considérant les suivantes situations de rejet en raison du standard racial dans une population simulée. Les résultats montrent que la première mesure à prendre est l'assouplissement de la condition de mufle et onglons foncés. La sélection des ovins de race Morada Nova selon le standard racial est à l'origine de pertes de gain génétique pour des caractères productifs tels que le poids à la naissance. La réadaptation du standard racial officiel des ovins Morada Nova s'avère nécessaire de telle sorte que le standard de la race puisse être satisfait en laissant toutefois un nombre suffisant d'animaux disponibles pour la sélection.

Resumen

El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la frecuencia de los principales rasgos raciales de las ovejas Morada Nova y simular el impacto del descarte por incumplimiento del patrón racial sobre la respuesta a la selección por peso al nacimiento. Los datos de sexo, colour de la capa, pigmentación de las pezuñas, pigmentación del hocico, falta de cuernos y criptorquidia fueron tomados individualmente al destete sobre 385 corderos Morada Nova de la variedad roja, nacidos entre 2010 y 2012. Estos corderos pertenecieron a cuatro rebaños distintos del estado de Ceará, en Brasil. Para estimar el efecto del descarte de animales por incumplimiento del patrón racial sobre la mejora genética de la población Morada Nova, los incrementos genéticos del peso al nacimiento por generación fueron calculados considerando las siguientes situaciones de descarte por patrón racial en una población simulada. Los resultados indican que la medida más urgente es la flexibilización del requisito de hocico y pezuñas oscuros. La selección del ganado ovino Morada Nova por patrón racial ha causado pérdidas de ganancia genética en caracteres productivos tales como el peso al nacimiento. Se hace necesario readaptar el patrón racial oficial establecido para el ganado ovino Morada Nova de tal manera que se pueda alcanzar el patrón racial manteniendo aun así un número adecuado de animales disponibles para la selección.

Keywords

Body weightin situ conservationlocal breedpoids corporelconservation in siturace localepeso corporalconservación in situraza local
Type
Research Article
Information
Animal Genetic Resources/Resources génétiques animales/Recursos genéticos animales , Volume 58 , June 2016 , pp. 73 - 82
Copyright
Copyright © Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 2016 

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Footnotes

†

The preparation of this paper has been overshadowed by Silva's death. We had intend to write jointly: most of the main ideas were worked out together and I have done my best to complete them. In sorrow, I dedicate this work to his memory.

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