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Creole cattle from northwestern Mexico has high genetic diversity in the locus DRB3.2

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 June 2015

I.G. Fernández ,
I. Leyva-Baca ,
F. Rodríguez-Almeida ,
R. Ulloa-Arvizu ,
J.G. Ríos-Ramírez ,
A. Gayosso-Vázquez  and
R.A. Alonso-Morales
I.G. Fernández*
Affiliation:
Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Chihuahua, México Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Torreón, Coahuila, México
I. Leyva-Baca
Affiliation:
Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Chihuahua, México
F. Rodríguez-Almeida
Affiliation:
Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Chihuahua, México
R. Ulloa-Arvizu
Affiliation:
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, D.F., México
J.G. Ríos-Ramírez
Affiliation:
Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Chihuahua, México
A. Gayosso-Vázquez
Affiliation:
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, D.F., México
R.A. Alonso-Morales
Affiliation:
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, D.F., México
*
Correspondence to: I.G. Fernández, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Torreón, Coahuila, México. email: ilda.fernandez@uaaan.mx
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Summary

The objective of this study was to determine the genetic diversity of creole cattle in northwestern Mexico using the BoLA-DRB3.2 locus of the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC). A total of 56 creole cattle were sampled from five communities; in the state of Chihuahua (Cerocahui, Guadalupe y Calvo and Cuauhtémoc) and in the state of Baja California Sur (La Paz and Mulegé). The BoLA-DRB3.2 locus was genotyped by PCR-RFLP assay. Thirty-nine alleles were identified, out of which 14 had not been previously reported. The average level of inbreeding in all populations analyzed was FIS = 0.09 (P < 0.0001), but only two populations (Cerocahui and Guadalupe y Calvo) showed an excess of homozygotes (P < 0.05). The breed differentiation in all populations studied was FSC = 0.068 (P < 0.0001). The smallest genetic distance was between La Paz and Mulegé (0.022); but Mulegé presented smaller distances (0.028–0.053) with the populations of La Paz (0.071–0.083) and with Chihuahua. Baja California Sur populations are grouped in a separate branch than Chihuahua populations. We conclude that creole cattle from Baja California Sur and Chihuahua show high genetic diversity in the locus BoLA-DRB3.2.

Résumé

L'objectif de l’étude était de déterminer la diversité génétique des bovins créoles originaires du Nord-Ouest du Mexique en utilisant le locus DRB3.2 du complexe majeur d'histocompatibilité (MHC). Des échantillons de sang de 56 bovins créoles dans cinq endroits de l’État de Chihuahua (Cerocahui, Guadalupe y Calvo et Cuauhtémoc) et dans l’État de Baja California Sur (La Paz et Mulegé) ont été prélevés. Le locus BoLA-DRB3.2 a été génotypé en utilisant la technique PCR-RFLP. Trente-neuf allèles ont été identifiés, dont 14 avaient déjà été signalés. La différenciation génétique des populations étudiées était de FSC = 0,068 (P < 0.0001). Le niveau moyen de consanguinité dans les populations analysées était de FIS = 0.09 (P < 0.0001) mais seulement deux populations (Cerocahui et Guadalupe y Calvo) ont présenté un excès d'homozygotes (P < 0.05). La distance génétique la plus petite s'est observée entre La Paz et Mulegé (0.022); mais aussi, Mulegé a présenté de plus courtes distances (0.028–0.053) avec les populations de La Paz (0.071–0.083) et Chihuahua. Les populations de Baja California Sur sont regroupées dans une branche distincte des populations de Chihuahua. Nous concluons que le locus BoLA-DRB3.2 possède une grande diversité génétique chez les bovins créoles originaires de Chihuahua et Baja California Sur.

Resumen

El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la diversidad genética del bovino criollo del noroeste de México utilizando el locus DRB3.2 del Complejo Principal de Histocompatibilidad (MHC). Se tomaron muestras sanguíneas de cincuenta y seis bovinos criollos en cinco localidades; en el estado de Chihuahua (Cerocahui, Guadalupe y Calvo y Cuauhtémoc) y en el estado de Baja California Sur (La Paz y Mulegé). El locus BoLA-DRB3.2 fue genotipificado mediante la técnica PCR-RFLP. Se identificaron 39 alelos, de los cuales 14 alelos no habían sido reportados previamente. El nivel de consanguinidad promedio en todas las poblaciones analizadas fue FIS = 0.09 (P < 0.0001) pero sólo dos poblaciones (Cerocahui y Guadalupe y Calvo) presentaron exceso de homocigosis (P < 0.05). La diferenciación genética entre las poblaciones estudiadas fue FSC 0.068 (P < 0.0001). Las distancias genéticas más cortas fueron entre La Paz y Mulegé (0.022); además, la población de Mulegé presentó las distancias genéticas más cortas (0.028–0.053) con las poblaciones de La Paz (0.071–0.083) y con Chihuahua. Las poblaciones de Baja California se agruparon en una rama aparte de las poblaciones de Chihuahua. Se concluye que los bovinos criollos de Chihuahua y Baja de California mostraron alta diversidad genética en el locus BoLA-DRB3.2.

Keywords

allelic richnessBoLA-DRB3.2 locuscreole cattlegenetic diversityPCR-RFLPdiversité génétiquelocus BoLA-DRB3.2le bétail criolloPCR-RFLPrichesse alléliquediversidad genéticalocus BoLA-DRB3.2ganado criolloPCR-RFLPriqueza alélica
Type
Research Article
Information
Animal Genetic Resources/Resources génétiques animales/Recursos genéticos animales , Volume 57 , December 2015 , pp. 31 - 38
Copyright
Copyright © Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 2015 

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