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The Secretariat and the Local Organizations in the Russian Communist Party, 1921-1923

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 March 2019

Robert V. Daniels
Robert V. Daniels*
Affiliation:
University of Vermont
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Extract

An acutely significant episode in the history of Soviet Russia, rendered no less important by the perspective of recent events, is the development of the organizational machinery of the Communist Party in the years immediately following the civil war. It was this period which witnessed the true realization of Lenin's prerevolutionary ideal of the monolithic party, despite the paradox that the model of conspiratorial discipline was designed for the accomplishment of the revolution, not the organization of the post-revolutionary society.

Type
Research Article
Information
American Slavic and East European Review , Volume 16 , Issue 1 , February 1957 , pp. 32 - 49
Copyright
Copyright © Association for Slavic, East European, and Eurasian Studies 1957

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Footnotes

*

The material in this article was originally prepared as part of a doctoral dissertation (“The Left Opposition in the Russian Communist Party, to 1924”) under the auspices of the Russian Research Center of Harvard University. Revision of this work, including the present article, has been supported by the Research Program on the History of the CPSU at Columbia University. The support of both institutions is gratefully acknowledged.

References

1 Protokolv s'ezdov i konferencij vsesojuznoj kommunisticheskoj partii (b): Devjatyjs'ezd RKP(b) (Moscow, partijnoe izdatel'stvo, 1933), p. 41.

2 Circular of the Central Committee, dated Dec. 12, 1919, published in Izvesttja central'- nogo komiteta, Jan. 14, 1920,

3 Resolution of the Ninth Party Congress, “Po organizacionnomu voprosu,” Kommunisticheskaja partija Sovetskogo Sojuza v rezoljucijakh i reshenijakh s'ezdov, konferencij i plenumtm CK (Moscow, gosudarstvennoe izdatel'stvo politicheskoj literatury, 1954), I, 444.

4 Protokolv: devjatvj s'ezd, pp. 47-48.

5 Central Committee order of April 7, 1920, text in M. Ravich-Cherkasskij, Istorip kommunisticheskoj partii (bol'shevikov) Ukrainv (Khar'kov, gosudarstvennoe izdatel'stvo U. krainy, 1923), appendix 12.

6 Trotsky to the Central Committee, of Oct. 8, 1923, extracts quoted in Shachtman, “The Struggle for the New Course,” in Trotsky, The New Course (New York, New International, 1943), p. 154.

7 Tenth Party Conference, “Plan raboty CK RKP (b),” KPSS v rezoljucijakh, I, 576.

8 Izvestija CK, March, 1923, p. 28. j

9 Ibid., pp. 34-41.

10 Ibid., pp. 53-56.

11 Ibid., p. 51.

12 Ibid., pp. 33-34.

13 “Report of the Central Committee for the period March 1922-April, 1923,” Izvestija CK, April, 1923, p. 45.

14 Izvestija CK, March, 1923, p. 3.

15 Protokoh: Odinnadcatvj s'ezd RKP (b) (Moscow, 1936), Index of Names, p. 791.

16 Izvestija CK, March, 1922, pp. 18-19.

17 Ibid., p. 13.

18 Preobrazhenskij, Dvenadcatv] s'ezd rossijskojkommunisticheskoj partii (bol'shevikov): Stenograficheskij otchet (Moscow, 1923), p. 133.

19 The process in general conforms closely to the phenomenon of “protective nuclei“ forming within Soviet bureaucratic hierarchies, described by Barrington Moore in Soviet Politics: The Dilemma of Power (Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1950), p. 290.

20 Izvestija CK, March 1922, p. 15.

21 Protokolv: Odinnadcatvj s'ezd, pp. 48-49.

22 Izvestija CK, March, 1923, p. 7.

23 Ibid., p. 8.

24 Ibid.

25 Ibid., pp. 9-10.

26 Izvestija CK, March, 1922, pp. 15-16.

27 Ibid., p. 5.

28 Ibid., p. 13.

29 Resolution of the Eleventh Party Conference, “Po voprosu ob ukreplenii partii, v svjazi s uchetom opyta proverki lichnogo sostava eë, KPSS v rezoljucijakh, I, 595.

30 Molotov, Organizational Report to the Eleventh Party Congress, Protokoh: Odinnadcatyj s'ezd, p. 57.

31 Protokoh: Desjatvj s'ezd RKP(b) (Moscow, 1933), note 48, pp. 848-9.

32 Milonov, ibid., p. 86.

33 Ibid., Index of Names, p . 925.

34 Ibid., pp. 84-87.

35 Ibid. Note 48, pp. 848-9.

36 Protokofo: Odinnadcaivj s'ezd, p. 57.

37 Sedoj, ibid., p. 193.

38 Ibid., p. 57.

39 Izuestija CK, March, 1922, p. 35.

40 Protokoh: Odinnadcatvj s'ezd, pp. 57-58.

41 Ibid., Index of Names, p. 799.

42 Izvestija CK, Jan., 1923, p. 75.

43 Protokoh: Odinnadcatvj s'ezd, Index of Names, p. 798.

44 Izvestija CK, March, 1922, p. 20.

45 Ibid., p. 15.

46 Izvestija CK, Jan., 1923, p. 75.

47 Ibid.

48 Izvestija CK, April, 1923, p. 42.

49 Ibid., p. 46.

50 lzvestija CK, Jan., 1923, p. 75.

51 Izvestija CK, April, 1923, pp. 42-43.

52 Izvestija, CK, March, 1922, p. 14. For persons appointed to the bureaus see Protokoh: Odinnadcatyj s'ezd, Index of Names.

53 Resolution of the Eleventh Party Congress, “Ob ukreplenii i novykh zadachakh partii,” KPSS v rezoljucijakh, I, 621.

54 Izvestija CK, March, 1922, p. 33.

55 Izvestija CK, April, 1923, p. 38.

56 Jakov Shumjackij, Protokolv: Odinnadcatyj s'czd, p. 450.

57 Ibid., p. 187.

58 Izvestija CK, April, 1923, pp. 38-39.

59 Ibid., p. 47.

60 Shumjackij, Protokoh: Odinnadcatvj s'ezd, pp. 449-50.

61 “Izvestija CK, March, 1923, p. 10.

62 Tenth Party Conference, “Plan rabotv CK RKP(b),” KPSS v rezoljucijakh, I, 576

63 Resolution of the Tenth Party Congress, “Po voprosam partijnogo stroitel'stva,” ibid., I, 521.

64 For composition of the Central Committee, see “CK-VKP(b),” Bol'shaja sovetskaja enciklopedija, Vol. LX, p. 555.

65 See Protokoh: Odinnadcatyj s'ezd. Index of Names