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The Future of the Soviet Collective Farm

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 January 2017

Samuel Kucherov
Samuel Kucherov*
Affiliation:
Library of Congress, Washington, D. C.
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Extract

In 1955 the present writer examined the struggle being waged against the peasantry by the Communist Party in the USSR and came to the conclusion that the liquidation of the Soviet peasantry as a class is inescapable.

Since then, significant new legislation has been passed in the field of agriculture in the USSR.

All these new measures have the same tendency of bringing the peasant class in the USSR a few steps nearer to eradication and the kolkhozes nearer to the status of sovkhozes.

Two Kinds of Socialist Property: The Soviet Constitution (Section 5) recognizes two kinds of property: state property and cooperative property. Both are qualified as “socialist.”

Type
Research Article
Information
American Slavic and East European Review , Volume 19 , Issue 2 , April 1960 , pp. 180 - 201
Copyright
Copyright © Association for Slavic, East European, and Eurasian Studies 1960

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References

1 Kucherov, Samuel, “The Communist Party vs. the Peasantry in the Soviet Union,” Political Science Quarterly, No. 2 (June, 1955), pp. 181–96 Google Scholar.

2 Ibid., p. 184.

3 Report to the USSR Supreme Soviet, Pravda, March 28, 1958, p. 3 Google Scholar.

4 Stalin, J., Economic Problems of Socialism in the USSR (Moscow, 1952), p. 101 Google Scholar.

5 Ibid., p. 102.

6 Ibid., p. 100.

7 Mol'skij, A., Izvestia, No. 134, May 5, 1958, p. 2.Google Scholar

8 S.S.S.R. v cifrakh, (Moscow, 1958), p. 198 Google Scholar.

9 It is interesting to note what Pasternak's, B. hero, Dr. Zhivago, , says about collectivization: “To conceal the failure [of collectivization], people had to be cured by every producmeans of terrorism of the habit of thinking and judging for themselves and forced to see what didn't exist, to assert the very opposite of what their eyes told them.” (New York Times, October 24, 1958, p. 6).Google Scholar

10 Pravda, March 28, 1958, p. 4 Google Scholar.

11 Fedosejev, P., “The Development of Productional Relations During the Shift to Communism,” Kommunist, No. 9 (1958), p. 24 Google Scholar.

12 April 19, 1959.

13 pravda, March 28, 1958, p. 4 Google Scholar.

14 Boarding schools will have to play a great role not only in rural, but also in urban areas as well. Introduced only three years ago, the boarding schools already have 180,000 pupils. In June, 1958, the Soviet government decreed that by 1965 the enrollment of boarding schools should be brought to 2,500,000 students. See Khrushchev's, “theses,” Izvestia, November 14, 1958, pp. 1–9 Google Scholar.

15 Pravda,May 12, 1958. Khrushchev had not explained why peasants must create all these institutions out of their earnings when the state is providing this free to other classes of the population.Google Scholar

16 Osad'ko, , “The Strengthening of the Principle of Material Interest in Kolkhoz Production,” Voprosy ekonomiki, No. 2 (1959), pp. 88 and 83 Google Scholar.

17 Oktyabr', No. 6 (1958), pp. 136–37 Google Scholar.

18 Andrienko, L., “On the Development of Interkolkhoz Production and Economic Ties,” Ekonomika sel'skogo khozjajstva, No. 4 (1959), p. 38 Google Scholar.

19 Fotejev, S., “Raise the Level of Economic Use of Soil Resources,” Kommunist, No. 12 (1957), p. 63 Google Scholar.

20 S.S.S.R. v cifrakh (Moscow, 1958), p. 190 Google Scholar.

21 Pravda, January 27, 1958, p. 2 Google Scholar.

22 Socialistocheskoe zemledelie, March 3, 1951, p. 3 Google Scholar.

23 S.S.S.R. v cifrakh, p. 173.Google Scholar

24 Editorial, Ekonomika sel'skovo khozjajstva (1958) No. 3, p. 5 Google Scholar.

25 94% or 56,000 of them have bought machinery. Pravda, July 14, 1959, p. 2 Google Scholar.

26 December 12 and 14, 1958 Google Scholar.

27 Ostrovit'janov, K., “An Important Step on the Road to Communism,” Pravda, March 3, 1958, p. 4 Google Scholar.

28 Izvestia, Nov. 14, 1958, p. 4 Google Scholar.

29 Osad'ko, op. cit., p. 83 Google Scholar.

30 Vestnik statistiki, No. 6 (1958), p. 38 Google Scholar.

31 No. 7, 1958, pp. 5–118.

32 Sovetskaya torgovlja 1956, No. 6, p. 11 Google Scholar.

33 Izvestia, October 21, 1958, p. 2 Google Scholar.

34 Pravda, November 1, 1958, p. 2 Google Scholar.

35 Izvestia, October 16, 1958, p. 1 Google Scholar.

36 Literaturnaya Moskva, 1957.Google Scholar

37 Paris, 1958, p. 133 Google Scholar.

38 Oktjabr', 1958, No. 6, p. 119 Google Scholar.

39 Oktjabr', 1958, No. 7, p. 87 Google Scholar.

40 Baulin, A., Izvestia, March 20, 1958, pp. 3–4 Google Scholar.

41 Izvestia, September 2, 1958, p. 2 Google Scholar.

42 Zaslavskaja, T., “Guaranteed Remuneration for Work in Kolkhozes,” Voprosy ekonomiki, 1959, No. 2, p. 118 Google Scholar.

43 Fedoseyev, op. cit., p. 24 Google Scholar

44 Ibid., p. 21.

45 Ibid., p. 22

46 Fixed wages have been introduced in 3,340 collective farms or in 5.6 per cent of all kolkhozes as of July 1, 1959, (Radio Moscow, June 20, 1959)Google Scholar.

47 In his last work Stalin wrote: “Of course, the workers and the collective-farm peasantry do represent two classes differing from one another in status.” (Stalin, Economic Problems of Socialism (Moscow, 1952), p. 30).Google Scholar

48 See Kucherov, Samuel, “The Soviet Union is Not a Socialist Society (in “Defense“ of V. M. Molotov)”, Political Science Quarterly, June, 1957, pp. 182–202 Google Scholar.