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Failure to detect the action of antidepressants in the forced swim test in Swiss mice

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 December 2017

Patrick R. Suman ,
Nathalia Zerbinatti ,
Lais Cristina Theindl ,
Karolina Domingues  and
Cilene Lino de Oliveira
Patrick R. Suman
Affiliation:
Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina – UFSC, Campus Trindade, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil Department of Pharmacology, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina – UFSC, Campus Trindade, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
Nathalia Zerbinatti
Affiliation:
Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina – UFSC, Campus Trindade, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil Department of Pharmacology, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina – UFSC, Campus Trindade, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
Lais Cristina Theindl
Affiliation:
Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina – UFSC, Campus Trindade, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil Department of Pharmacology, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina – UFSC, Campus Trindade, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
Karolina Domingues
Affiliation:
Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina – UFSC, Campus Trindade, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil Department of Pharmacology, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina – UFSC, Campus Trindade, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
Cilene Lino de Oliveira*
Affiliation:
Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina – UFSC, Campus Trindade, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil Department of Pharmacology, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina – UFSC, Campus Trindade, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
*
Dr. Cilene Lino de Oliveira. Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário Trindade, 88049-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil. Tel: +55 48 3721 4689; Fax: +55 48 3721 9672; E-mail: cilene.lino@ufsc.br
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Abstract

Objective

The aims of this study were to replicate previously published experiments and to modify the protocol to detect the effects of chronic antidepressant treatment in mice.

Methods

Male Swiss mice (n=6–8/group) housed in reversed light/dark cycle were randomly assigned into receive vehicle (10% sucrose), sub-effective doses (1 and 3 mg/kg) or effective doses (10 and 30 mg/kg) of bupropion, desipramine, and fluoxetine and a candidate antidepressant, sodium butyrate (1–30 mg/kg) per gavage (p.o.) 1 h before the forced swim test (FST). Treatments continued daily for 7 and 14 days during retests 1 and 2, respectively. In an additional experiment, mice received fluoxetine (20 mg/kg) or vehicle (10% sucrose or 0.9% saline) p.o. or i.p. before the FST. Mice housed in reversed or standard light/dark cycles received fluoxetine (20 mg/kg) prior FST. Video recordings of behavioural testing were used for blind assessment of the outcomes.

Results

According to the expected, doses of antidepressants considered sub-effective failed to affect the immobility time of mice in the FST. Surprisingly, acute and chronic treatment with the high doses of bupropion, desipramine, and fluoxetine or sodium butyrate also failed to reduce the immobility time of mice in the FST. Fluoxetine 20 mg/kg was also ineffective in the FST when injected i.p. or in mice housed in normal light/dark cycle.

Conclusion

Data suggest the lack of efficacy of orally administered bupropion, desipramine, fluoxetine in the FST in Swiss mice. High variability, due to high and low immobility mice, may explain the limited effects of the treatments.

Keywords

animal experimentationantidepressive agentsdrugspsychopharmacology
Type
Original Article
Information
Acta Neuropsychiatrica , Volume 30 , Issue 3 , June 2018 , pp. 158 - 167
Copyright
© Scandinavian College of Neuropsychopharmacology 2017 

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