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Decreased sensitivity to antidepressant drugs in Wistar Hannover rats submitted to two animal models of depression

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 September 2022

Kennia M. Silveira Open the ORCID record for Kennia M. Silveira [Opens in a new window] ,
Ariandra G. Sartim ,
Letícia Vieira ,
Sabrina F. Lisboa ,
Gregers Wegener Open the ORCID record for Gregers Wegener [Opens in a new window]  and
Sâmia R. L. Joca
Kennia M. Silveira
Affiliation:
Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Ariandra G. Sartim
Affiliation:
Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
Letícia Vieira
Affiliation:
Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
Sabrina F. Lisboa
Affiliation:
Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
Gregers Wegener
Affiliation:
Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Sâmia R. L. Joca*
Affiliation:
Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
*
Author for correspondence: Sâmia R. L. Joca, Email: sjoca@biomed.au.dk
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Abstract

The Wistar Hannover rat (WHR) is a strain commonly used for toxicity studies but rarely used in studies investigating depression neurobiology. In this study, we aimed to characterise the behavioural responses of WHR to acute and repeated antidepressant treatments upon exposure to the forced swim test (FST) or learned helplessness (LH) test. WHR were subjected to forced swimming pre-test and test with antidepressant administration (imipramine, fluoxetine, or escitalopram) at 0, 5 h and 23 h after pre-test. WHR displayed high immobility in the test compared to unstressed controls (no pre-swim) and failed to respond to the antidepressants tested. The effect of acute and repeated treatment (imipramine, fluoxetine, escitalopram or s-ketamine) was then tested in animals not previously exposed to pre-test. Only imipramine (20 mg/kg, 7 days) and s-ketamine (acute) reduced the immobility time in the test. To further investigate the possibility that the WHR were less responsive to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, the effect of repeated treatment with fluoxetine (20 mg/kg, 7 days) was investigated in the LH model. The results demonstrated that fluoxetine failed to reduce the number of escape failures in two different protocols. These data suggest that the WHR do not respond to the conventional antidepressant treatment in the FST or the LH. Only s-ketamine and repeated imipramine were effective in WHR in a modified FST protocol. Altogether, these results indicate that WHR may be an interesting tool to investigate the mechanisms associated with the resistance to antidepressant drugs and identify more effective treatments.

Keywords

Wistar Hannover ratsforced swim testlearned helplessnessantidepressantselective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
Type
Original Article
Information
Acta Neuropsychiatrica , Volume 35 , Issue 1 , February 2023 , pp. 35 - 49
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Scandinavian College of Neuropsychopharmacology

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