Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-fv566 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-19T12:00:34.077Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Cognitive neurobiology of schizophreni

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 September 2015

R.J. van den Bosch
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Schizophrenia is a neurobiological developmental disorder of basic neuro-integrative functions, resulting in failures of cognitive selfregulation. Neurophysiological and psychophysiological dysfunctions should be considered in connection with the ubiquitous cognitive dysfunctions. Schizophrenic patients have problems with the integration of information, resulting in deficits of perceptual organization, and in ‘metacognitive’ deficits of executive functions in the area of behavior and experience. The biological basis of these cognitive functions is in the frontal cortex, but the primary dysfunction seems to be a subcortical one. Negative symptoms can be understood as a secondary exhaustion mechanism, and partly as an adaptive process, corresponding with energetic deficits in information processing. Psychophysiological studies of regional cerebral blood flow, positron emission tomography, electrophysiological recordings and measures of eye tracking point to frontal dysfunction and hypoactivation in patients with negative symptoms. This agrees well with the results of cognitive studies. Psychophysiologists and cognitive psychologists are studying different aspects of the same systems disorder.

Keywords

schizophreniacognitive dysfunctionpsychophysiologyfrontal dysfunctionschizofreniecognitieve funetiestoornissenpsychofysiologiefrontale dysfunetie
Type
Research Article
Information
Acta Neuropsychiatrica , Volume 3 , Issue 3 , September 1991 , pp. 42 - 47
Copyright
Copyright © Scandinavian College of Neuropsychopharmacology 1991

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literatuur

1.Gottesman, II. Confirming unexpressed genotypes for schizophrenia. Arch gen Psychiat 1989; 46: 867–72.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
2.Watt, NF, Anthony, EJ, Wynne, LC, Rolf, JE, eds. Children at Risk for Schizophrenia. A longitudinal perspective. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ Press, 1984.Google Scholar
3.Sechehaye, M-A.Journal d'une Schizophrène. Auto-observation d'une Schizophrène pendant le traitement psychothérapique. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1950.Google Scholar
4.McGhie, A, Chapman, J. Disorders of attention and perception in early schizophrenia. Brit J med Psychol 1961; 34: 103–16.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
5.Minkowski, E. Bergson's conceptions as applied to psycho-pathology. J nerv ment Dis 1926; 63: 553–68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6.Schwartz Place, EJ, Gilmore, GC. Perceptual organization in schizophrenia. J abnorm Psychol 1980; 89: 409–18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7.Hemsley, DR. An experimental psychological model for schizophrenia. In: Häfner, H, Gattaz, WF, Janzarik, W, eds. Search for the Causes of Schizophrenia. Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1987: 179–88.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8.Frith, CD. Consciousness, information processing and schizophrenia. Brit J Psychiat 1979; 134: 225–35.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
9.Artaud, A. L'Ombilic des Limbes. Suivi de Le pèse-nerfs et autre textes. Paris, Gallimard, 1968.Google Scholar
10.Schmand, BA. The Energetics of Cognition in Psychosis (dissertatie). Utrecht: Onderwijs Media Instituut, 1991.Google Scholar
11.Luria, AR. Higher Cortical Functions in Man, second edition. New York: Basic Books, 1980.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12.Fuster, JM. The Prefrontal Cortex, second edition. New York: Raven Press, 1989.Google Scholar
13.Goldman-Rakic, PS. Circuitry of primate prefrontal cortex and regulation of behavior by representational memory. In: Mountcastle, VB, ed. Handbook of Physiology. Section 1: The nervous system. Volume V. Higher functions of the brain, Part 1. Bethesda: American Physiological Society, 1987: 373–417.Google Scholar
14.Levin, S. Frontal lobe dysfunctions in schizophrenia - II. Impairments of psychological and brain functions. J psychiat Res 1984; 18: 57–72.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
15.Morice, R. Beyond language - Speculations on the prefrontal cortex and schizophrenia. Austr New Zeal J Psychiat 1986; 20: 7–10.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
16.Weinberger, DR. Schizophrenia and the frontal lobe. Trends Neuro-sci 1988; 11: 367–70.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
17.Dawson, ME, Nuechterlein, KH. Psychophysiological dysfunctions in the developmental course of schizophrenic disorders. Schizophr Bull 1984; 10: 204–32.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
18.Buchsbaum, MS. The frontal lobes, basal ganglia, and temporal lobes as sites for schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 1990; 16: 379–89.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
19.Wiesel, FA, Farde, L, Nordström, AL, Sedvall, G, Wik, G. Positron emission tomography in Schizophrenia. In: Häfner, H, Gattaz, WF, eds. Search for the Causes of Schizophrenia, Vol. II. Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1990: 285–300.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
20.Weinberger, DR, Berman, KF, Illowsky, BP. Physiological dysfunction of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia. Arch gen Psychiat 1988; 45: 609–15.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
21.Bosch, RJ van den. Contingent negative variation: components and scalp distribution in psychiatric patients. Biol Psychiat 984; 19: 963–72.Google Scholar
22.Bosch, RJ van den, Rozendaal, N, Mol, JMFA. Slow potential orrelates of frontal function, psychosis and negative symptoms. Psychiat Res 1988; 23: 201–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
23.Bosch, RJ van den. Eye tracking impairment: attentional and psychometric correlates in psychiatric patients. J psychiat Res 1984; 18: 277–86.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
24.Bosch, RJ van den, Rozendaal, N, Mol, JMFA. Symptom correlates of eye tracking dysfunction. Biol Psychiat 1987; 22: 919–21.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
25.Levin, S. Frontal lobe dysfunction in schizophrenia -I. Eye movement impairments. J psychiat Res 1984; 18: 27–55.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
26.Patterson, T. Studies toward the subcortical pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 1987; 13: 555–76.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
27.Robbins, TW. The case for frontostriatal dysfunction in schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 1990; 16: 391–402.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
28.Teyler, TJ, DiScenna, P. The hippocampal memory indexing theory. Behav Neurosci 1986; 100: 147–54.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
29.Weinberger, DR. Implications of normal brain development for the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Arch gen Psychiat 1986; 44: 660–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
30.Carlsson, M, Carlsson, A. Schizophrenia: A subcortical neurotransmitter imbalance syndrome? Schizophr Bull 1990; 16: 425–32.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
31.Gray, JA, Feldon, J, Rawlins, JNP, Hemsley, DR, Smith, AD. The neuropsychology of schizophrenia. Behav Brain Sci 1991; 14: 184.CrossRefGoogle Scholar