Element contents
Understanding Islam at European Museums
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 12 July 2021
Summary
Exhibitions of Islamic artefacts in European museums have since 1989 been surrounded by a growing rhetoric of cultural tolerance, in response to the dissemination of images of Islam as misogynist, homophobic and violent. This has produced a new public context for exhibitions of Islam and has led to major recent investments in new galleries for Islamic artefacts, often with financial support from the Gulf and Saudi Arabia. This Element addresses contemporary framings of Islam in European museums, focusing on how museums in Germany and the UK with collections of Islamic heritage realise the ICOM (International Council of Museums) definition of museums as institutions in the service of society. The authors find that far too often the knowledge of Islamic cultural heritage is disconnected from contemporary developments in museum transformations, as well as from the geopolitical contexts they are a response to.
- Type
- Element
- Information
- Online ISBN: 9781108881623Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication: 05 August 2021
References
References
Badisches Landesmuseum: www.landesmuseum.de/website/Deutsch.htm.
British Museum: www.britishmuseum.org/about_us/the_museums_story/general_history.aasp.
EGMUS (The European Group on Museum Statistics): www.egmus.eu/nc/en/statistics/complete_data.
Encyclopædia Iranica: www.iranicaonline.org/articles/indo-european-telegraph-department.
FHXB Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg Museum: www.fhxb-museum.de/index.php?id=1.
ICOM (International Council of Museums): http://icom.museum/the-vision/museum-definition.
ICOM Cultural Diversity Charter, 2010: http://inclusivemuseum.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/ICOM_Cultural_Diversity_Charter.pdf.
Index Islamicus: https://brill.com/view/db/iio.
Kulturkontakte. Leben in Europa: www.smb.museum/museen-und-einrichtungen/museen-dahlem/ausstellungen/detail.html?tx_smb_pi1%5Bexhibition%5D=38&cHash=23f17060db6fd5094f724aa6133e3b7a.
Museum für Islamische Kunst: www.smb.museum/en/museums-and-institutions/museum-fuer-islamische-kunst/about-the-collection.html.
Religionskundliche Sammlung: www.uni-marburg.de/relsamm.
Report of the Working Group on Cross Cultural Issues of the International Council of Museums (ICOM). Presented at the 89th session of the Executive Council of ICOM on December 1997: http://archives.icom.museum/diversity.html.
Runnymede Trust: www.runnymedetrust.org/uploads/Islamophobia%20Report%202018%20FINAL.pdf.
St Mungo Museum of Religious Life and Art: www.glasgowlife.org.uk/museums/st-mungos/pages/default.aspx.
Today’s Zaman: www.todayszaman.com/arts-culture_paris-louvre-museum-unveils-new-islamic-art-galleries_292939.html.
Victoria and Albert Museum: www.vam.ac.uk/content/articles/a/a-brief-history-of-the-museum.
Welten der Muslime: www.smb.museum/museen-und-einrichtungen/museen-dahlem/ausstellungen/detail.html?tx_smb_pi1%5Bexhibition%5D=35&cHash=d25088a6b52d04441708ba0981c97eb9.
Ådahl, Karin & Åhlund, Mikael (2000). Islamic Art Collections: An international Survey, London: Routledge Curzon.Google Scholar
Ahlsén, Maria, Berb, Johanna & Berg, Kristina (2005). ‘Hela historien? Tjugo frågor till en utställning’. In Aronsson, Inga-Lill & Meurling, Birgitta, eds., Det bekönade museet. Genusperspektiv i museologi och museiverksamhet (pp. 173–189), Uppsala: Uppsala University Press.Google Scholar
Ahmed, Shahab (2016). What Is Islam? The Importance of Being Islamic, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Alaoui, Brahim (1999). ‘An ongoing dialogue: The Museum of the Institute of the Arab World in Paris’. In Museum International (UNESCO, Paris), nr 203.Google Scholar
Allievi, Stefano (2005). ‘How the immigrant has become Muslim: Public debates on Islam in Europe’. In Revue Européenne des migrations internationals, 21:2.Google Scholar
Amal-Naguib, Saphinaz (2015). ‘Materializing Islam and the imaginary of sacred space’. In Fuglerud, Øivind & Wainright, Leon, eds., Objects and Imagination. Perspectives on Materialization and Meaning (pp. 64–78), New York: Berghahn Press.Google Scholar
Aronsson, Peter (2011). ‘Explaining national museums: Exploring comparative approaches to the study of national museums’. In Knell, Simon J., ed., National Museums: New Studies from Around the World (pp. 29–54), London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Bal, Mieke (2015). ‘The last frontier: Migratory culture, video, and exhibiting without voyeurism’. In Coombes, Annie E. & Ruth B. Phillips, eds., The International Handbook of Museum Studies: Museum Transformations (pp. 415–438), London: Wiley-Blackwell.Google Scholar
Bennett, Tony (1995). The Birth of the Museum: History, Theory, Politics, London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Berger, Peter (1999). The Desecularization of the World: Resurgent Religion and World Politics, Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans.Google Scholar
Blair, Sheila S. & Bloom, Jonathan M. (2003). ‘The mirage of Islamic art: Reflections on the study of an unwieldy field’. In Art Bulletin 85:1.Google Scholar
Bloom, Jonathan M. (2001). Paper Before Print: The History and Impact of Paper in the Islamic World, New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Bosworth, Clifford Edmund (1996). The New Islamic Dynasties: A Chronological and Genealogical Manual, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.Google Scholar
Bräunlein, Peter (ed.) (2004). Religion und Museum: Zur visuellen Repräsentation von Religion/en im öffentlichen Raum, Bielefeld: Transcript Verlag.Google Scholar
Bring, Ove (2015). Parthenonsyndromet. Kampen om kulturskatterna, Stockholm: Atlantis.Google Scholar
Buggeln, Gretchen, Paine, Crispin & Brent, S. Plate, (eds.) (2017). Religion in Museums: Global and Multidisciplinary Perspectives (pp. vix–xxv), London: Bloomsbury.Google Scholar
Chakraborty, Anwesha (2017). Institutional Narratives and Their Role in Communication of Science and Technology: A Study of Public Science Museums and Centres in India, unpublished diss., University of Bologna.Google Scholar
Claussen, Susanne (2010). Anschaungssache Religion: zur Musealen Repräsentation Religiöser Artefakte, Bielefeld: Transcript.Google Scholar
Coombes, Annie E. & Ruth B. Phillips (eds.) (2015). The International Handbook of Museum Studies: Museum Transformations, London: Wiley-Blackwell.Google Scholar
Crill, Rosemary & Stanley, Tim (2006). The Making of the Jameel Gallery of Islamic Art at the Victoria and Albert Museum, London: Victoria and Albert Museum.Google Scholar
Culler, Jonathan D. (1982). On Deconstruction: Theory and Criticism After Structuralism, Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Deltombe, Thomas (2005). L’Islam Imaginaire: La Construction Médiatique de l’Islamophobie en France 1975–2005, Paris: La Découverte.Google Scholar
Doumani, Beshara (2012). ‘The power of layers or the layers of power? The social life of things as the backbone of new narratives’. In Junod, Benoit, Georges Khalil, Stefan Weber & Wolf Gerhard, eds., Islamic Art and the Museum: Approaches to Art and Archeology of the Muslim World in the Twenty-First Century (pp. 129–134), London: Saqi books.Google Scholar
Duncan, Carol (1995). Civilizing Rituals: Inside Public Art Museums, London/New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Fakatseli, Olga & Sachs, Julia (2008). The Jameel Gallery of the Islamic Middle East: Summative Evaluation Report, London: Victoria and Albert Museum.Google Scholar
Falk, John H., Mark D. Needham, Lynn D. Dierking & Lisa Prendergast (2014). International Science Centre Impact Study: ISCIS Final Report, Corvallis: John H. Falk Research.Google Scholar
Fekete, Liz (2009). A Suitable Enemy: Racism, Migration and Islamophobia in Europe, London: Pluto Press.Google Scholar
Fillmore, Charles J. (2008). ‘The merging of “frames”’. In Favetti, Rema Rossini, ed., Frames, Corpora, and Knowledge Representation (pp. 1–12), Bologna: Bononia University Press.Google Scholar
Fletcher, Banister & Fletcher, Banister (1896). A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method. For the Student, Craftsman and Amateur, London: Batsford.Google Scholar
Flood, Finbarr Barry (2007). ‘From the Prophet to postmodernism? New world orders and the end of Islamic art’. In Mansfield, Elisabeth C., ed., Making Art History: A Changing Discipline and Its Institutions, (pp. 31–53), New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Franke, Edith & Runge, Konstanze (eds.) (2013). Von Derwisch-Mütze bis Mekka-Cola. Vielfalt islamischer Glaubenspraxis. Begleitband zu einer Sonderausstellung der Religionskundlichen Sammlung der Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg: diagonal-Verlag.Google Scholar
Friedman, A. J. (2010). ’The evolution of the science museum’. In Physics Today, 63:10, pp. 45–51.Google Scholar
Fuhrman, Malte (2015). ‘Friedrich Sarre, der zeitengenössische “Orient” under der Erste Weltkrieg’. In Gonella, Julia & Kröger, Jens, eds., Wie die islamische Kunst nach Berlin kam. Der Sammler und Museumsdirektor Friedrich Sarre (pp. 47–60), Berlin: Museum für Islamische Kunst.Google Scholar
Goffman, Erving (1974). Frame Analysis: An Essay on the Organization of Experience, Boston, MA: Northeastern University Press.Google Scholar
Golding, Vivian (2009). Learning at the Museum Frontiers: Identity, Race and Power, London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Gonella, Julia (2015). ‘Einführung’. In Gonella, Julia & Kröger, Jens, eds., Wie die islamische Kunst nach Berlin kam. Der Sammler und Museumsdirektor Friedrich Sarre (pp. 9–12), Berlin: Museum für Islamische Kunst.Google Scholar
Grabar, Oleg (2012). ‘The role of the museum in the study and knowledge of Islamic art’. In Junod, Benoît, Khalil, Georges, Weber, Stefan & Wolf, Gerhard, eds., Islamic Art and the Museum: Approaches to Art and Archeology of the Muslim World in the Twenty-First Century (pp. 17–27), London: Saqi.Google Scholar
Green, Todd (2015). The Fear of Islam: An Introduction to Islamophobia in the West, Minneapolis, MN: Fortress Press.Google Scholar
Greenfield, Jeanette (1996). The Return of Cultural Treasures, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Grinell, Klas (2018a). ‘Frames of Islamicate art: Representation of the cultural heritage of Islamdom’. In Nilsson, Thomas & Thorell, Kristina, eds., Cultural Heritage Preservation: The Past, the Present and the Future (pp. 65–84), Halmstad: Halmstad University Press.Google Scholar
Grinell, Klas (2018b). ‘Framing Islam: At the World of Islam Festival, London 1976’. In Journal of Muslims in Europe 7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grinell, Klas (2019). ‘Preliminary notes towards a soteriological analysis of museums’. Museums and the Sacred: ICOFOM Study Series no. 47, Paris: ICOFOM, pp. 123–138.Google Scholar
Grinell, Klas (2020). ‘Labeling Islam: Structuring idea in Islamic galleries in Europe’. In Norton-Wright, , Jenny, , ed., Curating Islamic Art Worldwide: From Malacca to Manchester (pp. 31–44), London: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
Habsburg-Lothringen, Bettina (2015). ‘From object to environment: The recent history of exhibitions in Germany and Austria’. In Henning, Michelle, ed., The International Handbook of Museum Studies (pp. 327–348), London: Wiley-Blackwell.Google Scholar
Hagedorn, Annette (2000). ‘The development of Islamic art history in Germany in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries’. In Vernoit, Stephen, ed., Discovering Islamic Art: Scholars, Collectors and Collections, 1850–1950 (pp. 117–127), London and New York: I.B. Tauris Publishers.Google Scholar
Haidar, Navina Najat, Kendra Weisbin (2014). Islamic Art in the Metropolitan Museum of Art: A Walking Guide, New York: Scala Arts & Heritage Publisher.Google Scholar
Harvey, Graham (2013). Food, Sex and Strangers: Understanding Religion as Everyday Life, Durham: Acumen.Google Scholar
Heath, Ian (2007). The Representation of Islam in British Museums, Oxford: Archaeopress.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hodgson, Marshall (1974). The Venture of Islam: Conscience and History in a World Civilization, Vol. 1 – The Classical Age of Islam, Chicago, IL: Chicago University Press.Google Scholar
Höglund, Maria (2012). ‘European Union approaches to museums 1993–2010’. In Eilertsen, Lill & Amundsen, Arne Bugge, eds., Museum Policies in Europe 1990–2010: Negotiating Professional and Political Utopia (EuNaMus Report No. 3) (pp. 157–188), Linköping: Linköping University Press.Google Scholar
Hooper-Greenhill, Eilean (1992). Museums and the Shaping of Knowledge, London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Junod, Benoit, Khalil, Georges, Weber, Stefan & Wolf, Gerhard (eds.) (2012). Islamic Art and the Museum: Approaches to Art and Archeology of the Muslim World in the Twenty-First Century, London: Saqi books.Google Scholar
Kaiser, Wolfram, Krankenhagen, Stefan & Poehls, Kerstin (eds.) (2012). Europa ausstellen: Das Museum als Praxisfeld der Europäisierung – Das Museum als praxisfeld der Europäisierung, Cologne: Böhlau Verlag.Google Scholar
Kamel, Susan (2013). ‘Representing objects from Islamicate countries in museums’. In Minucciani, Valeria, ed., Religions and Museums in Europe: Immaterial and Material Heritage (pp. 53–70), Torino: Umberto Allemandi & Co.Google Scholar
Kamel, Susan (2004). Wege zur Vermittlung von Religionen in Berliner Museen: Black Kaaba Meets White Cube, Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaft.Google Scholar
Kamel, Susan & Gerbich, Christine (eds.) (2014). Experimentierfeld Museologie: Internationale Perspektiven auf Museum, Islam und Inklusion, Bielefeld: Transcript Verlag.Google Scholar
Karp, Ivan & Lavine, Steven D. (eds.) (1991). Exhibiting Cultures: The Poetics and Politics of Museum Display, Washington, DC and London: Smithsonian Institution Press.Google Scholar
Klotz, Heinrich (2000). Geschichte der Deutschen Kunst. Bd. 3: Neuzeit und Moderne. 1750–2000, München: C.H. Beck.Google Scholar
Knell, Simon et al. (2012). Crossing Borders: Connecting European Identities in Museums and Online, EuNaMus Report no. 2, Linköping: Linköping University Press.Google Scholar
Kröger, Jens (2009). Das Berliner Museum für Islamische Kunst als Forschungsinstitution der Islamischen Kunst im 20. Jahrhundert, Freiburg: DMG.Google Scholar
Kröger, Jens (2015). ‘Friedrich Sarre. Kunsthistoriker, Sammler und Connaisseur’. In Gonella, Julia & Kröger, Jens, eds., Wie die islamische Kunst nach Berlin kam. Der Sammler und Museumsdirektor Friedrich Sarre (pp. 13–46), Berlin: Museum für Islamische Kunst.Google Scholar
Kundnani, Arun (2015). The Muslims Are Coming: Islamophobia, Extremism and the Domestic War on Terror, London: Verso.Google Scholar
Larsson, Göran (ed.) (2012a). Religion & Livsfrågor, No. 1 – Special issue on Islamophobia.Google Scholar
Larsson, Göran (2012b). ‘The fear of small numbers: Eurabia literature and censuses on religious belonging.’ In Journal of Muslims in Europe, 1.Google Scholar
Larsson, Göran & Racius, Egundas (2010). ‘A different approach to the history of Islam and Muslims in Europe: A north-eastern angle, or the need to reconsider the research field’. In Journal of Religion in Europe, 3.Google Scholar
Larsson, Göran & Spielhaus, Riem (2013). ‘Narratives of inclusion and exclusions: Islam and Muslims as a subject of European studies’. In Journal of Muslims in Europe, 2:2.Google Scholar
Lewis, Bernard (1982). The Muslim Discovery of Europe, London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson.Google Scholar
Lowenthal, David (1998). The Heritage Crusade and the Spoils of History, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Lundén, Staffan (2016). Displaying Loot: The Benin Objects and the British Museum, Göteborg: University of Gothenburg.Google Scholar
Lüpken, Anja (2011). Religion(en) im Museum. Eine vergleichende Analyse der Religionsmuseen in St. Petersburg, Glasgow und Taipeh, Berlin: Lit Verlag.Google Scholar
Lynch, Bernadette & Alberti, Samuel (2010). ‘Legacies of prejudice: Racism, co-production and radical trust in the museum’. In Museum Management and Curatorship, 25:1.Google Scholar
Macdonald, Sharon (ed.) (1998). The Politics of Display: Museums, Science, Culture, London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Minucciani, Valeria (ed.) (2013). Religions and Museums in Europe: Immaterial and Material Heritage, Torino: Umberto Allemandi & Co.Google Scholar
Moore, Niamh & Whelan, Cathrine (eds.) (2007). Heritage, Memory and the Politics of Identity: New Perspectives on the Cultural Landscape, London: Ashgate.Google Scholar
Mostafawy, Schoole (ed.) (2014). WeltKultur/Global Culture. Führer dürch die kulturgeschichtliche Abteilung, Karlsruhe: Badisches Landesmuseum.Google Scholar
Moussouri, Theano & Fritsch, Juliette (2004). Jameel Gallery of Islamic Art: Front-End Evaluation Report, London: Victoria and Albert Museum.Google Scholar
Naguib, Saphinaz Amal (2011a). ‘Engaging with gender and diversity in museums of cultural history’. In Arv: Nordic Yearbook of Folklore, 67, pp. 111–128.Google Scholar
Naguib, Saphinaz Amal (2011b). ‘Introduction: Patterns of cultural valuation – Priorities and aesthetics in exhibitions of identity in museums’. In Arv: Nordic Yearbook of Folklore, 67, pp. 9–12.Google Scholar
Naguib, Saphinaz Amal (2015). ‘Materializing Islam and the imaginary of sacred space’. In Fuglerud, Oivind & Wainright, Leon, eds., Objects and Imagination: Perspectives on Materialization and Meaning (pp. 64–77), New York: Berghahn Press.Google Scholar
Naguib, Saphinaz Amal (2013). ‘Museums, diasporas and the sustainability of intangible cultural heritage’. In Sustainability, 5:5.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Necipoğlu, Gülru (2012). ‘The concept of Islamic art: Inherited discourses and new approaches’. In Journal of Art Historiography, 6.Google Scholar
Nightingale, Eithne (2006). ‘Dancing around the collections: Developing individuals and audiences’. In Lang, Caroline, Voollard, Vicky & Reeve, John, eds., The Responsive Museum: Working with Audiences in the Twenty-First Century (pp. 79–91), London: Ashgate.Google Scholar
Norton-Wright, Jenny (ed.) (2020). Curating Islamic Art Worldwide: From Malacca to Manchester, London: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
Offe, Sabine (2004). ‘Museen. Tempel. Opfer.’ In Bräunlein, Peter, ed., Religion und Museum: Zur visuellen Repräsentation von Religion/en im öffentlichen Raum (pp. 119–138). Bielefeld: Transcript Verlag.Google Scholar
O’Neill, Mark (2006). ‘Museums and identity in Glasgow’. In International Journal of Heritage Studies, 12:1.Google Scholar
Otto, Rudolf (1917). Das Heilige: Über das Irrationale in der Idee des Göttlichen und sein Verhältnis zum Rationalen, Breslau: Trewendt & Granier.Google Scholar
Paine, Crispin (2013). Religious Objects in Museums: Private Lives and Public Duties, London: Bloomsbury.Google Scholar
Peckham, Robert Shannan (ed.) (2003). Rethinking Heritage: Cultures and Politics in Europe, London: I.B. Tauris.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peressut, Luca Basso, Lanz, Francesca & Postiglione, Gennaro (eds.) (2013). European Museums in the 21st Century: Setting the Framework, vols. 1–3, Milano: Mela Books.Google Scholar
Petrasch, Ernst, Sänger, Reinhard, Zimmermann, Eva & Majer, Hans Georg (1991). Badisches Landesmuseum Karlsruhe. Die Karlsruher Türkenbeute. Die ‘Türckische Kammer’ des Markgrafen Ludwig Wilhelm von Baden–Baden. Die ‘Türkischen Curiositaeten’ der Markgrafen von Baden–Durlach, München: Hirmer Verlag.Google Scholar
Petruck, Miriam R. L. (2008). ‘Framing motion in Hebrew and English’, in Favetti, Rema Rossini, ed., Frames, Corpora, and Knowledge Representation (pp. 43–51), Bologna: Bononia University Press.Google Scholar
Pfluger-Schindlbeck, Ingrid (ed.) (2012). Welten der Muslime. Für das Ethnologische Museum der Staatlichen Muzeen zu Berlin, Berlin: Dietrich Reimer Verlag.Google Scholar
Rennie, Léonie J. & Williams, Gina F (2002). ‘Science centers and scientific literacy: Promoting a relationship with science’. In Science Education, 86:5, pp. 706–726.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sandell, Richard (2007). Museums, Prejudice and the Reframing of Difference, London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Schorch, Philipp (2013). ‘Contact zones, third spaces, and the act of interpretation’. In Museum and Society 11:3.Google Scholar
Serrell, Beverly (1996). Exhibit Labels: An Interpretative Approach, Walnut Creek, CA: Altamira Press.Google Scholar
Shank, Michael H. & Lindberg, David C. (2013). ‘Introduction’. In Lindberg, D. & Shank, M., eds., The Cambridge History of Science: Vol. 2 – Medieval Science (pp. 1–26), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Shatanawi, Mirjam (2012a). ‘Curating against dissent’. In Flood, Christopher, Hutchings, Stephen, Miazhevich, Galina & Nickels, Henri, eds., Political and Cultural Representations of Muslims: Islam in the Plural (pp. 177–192), Leiden: Brill.Google Scholar
Shatanawi, Mirjam (2012b). ‘Engaging Islam: Working with Muslim communities in a multicultural society’. In Curator: The Museums Journal 55:1.Google Scholar
Shatanawi, Mirjam (2009). Islam in beeld. Kunst en cultuur van moslims wereldwijd, Amsterdam: SUN.Google Scholar
Sinclair, Susan (ed.) (2012). Bibliography of Art and Architecture in the Islamic World, Leiden: Brill.Google Scholar
Snow, David A. (2011). ‘Frame’. In Ritzer, George & Ryan J. Michael, eds., The Concise Encyclopedia of Sociology, Chichester: Wiley & Blackwell.Google Scholar
Spielhaus, Riem (2010). ‘Measuring the Muslim: About statistical obsessions, categorizations and the quantification of religion’. In Yearbook of Muslims in Europe (pp. 695–715), Leiden:Brill.Google Scholar
Spielhaus, Riem, Binder, Beate & Färber, Alexa (2012). ‘Von der Präsenz zur Artikulation: islamisches Gemeindeleben in Hamburg und Berlin aus der Perspektive der Stadtforschung’. In Jahrbuch StadtRegion 2012 (pp. 61–79), Schwerpunkt: Stadt und Religion.Google Scholar
Spitzer, William &Fraser, John (2020). ‘Advancing community science literacy’. In Journal of Museum Education, 45:1.Google Scholar
Stausberg, Michael & Mark Q. Gardiner (2016). ‘Definition’. In Stausberg Michael & Steven Engler, eds., The Oxford Handbook of the Study of Religion (pp. 9–32) Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Stronge, Susan (2000). ‘Collecting Mughal art at the Victoria and Albert Museum’. In Vernoit, Stephen, ed., Discovering Islamic Art: Scholars, Collectors and Collections, 1850–1950 (pp. 85–95), London and New York: I.B. Tauris Publishers.Google Scholar
Sullivan, Robert (1994). ‘Evaluating the ethics and consequences of museums’. In Glaser, Jane R. & Zenetou, Artemis A., eds., Gender Perspectives: Essays on Women in Museums (pp. 257–263), Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press.Google Scholar
Svanberg, Fredrik (2015). ‘The world as collected; Or the museum collections as situated materialities’. In Witcomb, Andrea & Message, Kylie, eds., The International Handbooks of Museum Studies: Museum Theories (pp. 389–416), London: Wiley Blackwell.Google Scholar
Sweetman, John (1987). The Oriental Obsession: Islamic Inspiration in British and American Art and Architecture 1500–1920, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Verloo, Mieke & Emanuela Lombardo (2007). ‘Contested gender equality and policy variety in Europe: Introducing a critical frame analysis approach’. In Verloo, Mieke, ed., Multiple Meanings of Gender Equality: A Critical Frame Analysis of Gender Policies in Europe (pp. 21–46), Budapest: Central European University Press.Google Scholar
Vernoit, Stephen (2000). ‘Islamic art and architecture: An overview of scholarship and collecting, c. 1850–c. 1950’. In Vernoit, Stephen, ed., Discovering Islamic Art: Scholars, Collectors and Collections, 1850–1950 (pp. 1–61), London and New York: I.B. Tauris Publishers.Google Scholar
Ward, Rachel (2000). ‘Augustus Wollaston Franks and the display of Islamic art at the British Museum’. In Vernoit, Stephen, ed., Discovering Islamic Art: Scholars, Collectors and Collections, 1850–1950 (pp. 105–116), London and New York: I.B. Tauris Publishers.Google Scholar
Ward, Rachel (1997). ‘Islamism, not an easy matter’. In Caygill, Marjorie & Cherry, John, eds., A.W. Franks: Nineteenth-Century Collecting and the British Museum (pp. 272–276), London: British Museum Press.Google Scholar
Wearden, Jennifer (2000). ‘The acquisition of Persian and Turkish carpets by the South Kensington Museum’. InVernoit, Stephen, ed., Discovering Islamic Art: Scholars, Collectors and Collections, 1850–1950 (pp. 96–104), London and New York: I.B. Tauris Publishers.Google Scholar
Weber, Stefan (2012). ‘A concert of things: Thoughts on objects of Islamic art in the museum context’. In Benoit, Junod, Georges, Khalil, Stefan, Weber & Wolf, Gerhard, eds., Islamic Art and the Museum: Approaches to Art and Archeology of the Muslim World in the Twenty-First Century (pp. 28–53), London: Saqi books.Google Scholar
Weber, Stefan (2015). ‘Vorwort’. In Gonella, Julia & Kröger, Jens, Wie die islamische Kunst nach Berlin kam. Der Sammler und Museumsdirektor Friedrich Sarre (pp. 7–8), Berlin: Museum für Islamische Kunst.Google Scholar
Wilson, David M. (1997). ‘Introduction: Augustus Wollaston Franks – Towards a portrait’. In Caygill, Marjorie & Cherry, John, eds., A.W. Franks: Nineteenth-Century Collecting and the British Museum (pp. 3–4), London: British Museum Press.Google Scholar
Winter, Nicholas J. G. (2008). Dangerous Frames: How Ideas about Race and Gender Shape Public Opinion, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Wodehouse, Katherine (2014). The Ashmolean Museum: Crossing Cultures, Crossing Time, Oxford: Ashmolean Museum, University of Oxford.Google Scholar
Yaqin, Amina & Morey, Peter (2011). Framing Muslims: Stereotyping and Representation After 9/11, London: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
- 7
- Cited by