Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-sjtt6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-28T18:07:12.254Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

China and Global Food Security

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 October 2022

Shaohua Zhan
Affiliation:
Nanyang Technological University, Singapore

Summary

In less than half a century (1978–2020), China has transformed itself from a country that barely fed itself to a powerful player in the global food system, characterized by massive food imports, active overseas agricultural engagement, and the global expansion of Chinese agribusiness. This Element offers a nuanced analysis of China's global food strategy and its impacts on food security and the international agri-food order. To feed a population of 1.4 billion, China actively seeks overseas agri-food resources whilst maintaining a high level of domestic food production. This strategy gives China an advantageous position in the global food system, but it also creates contradictions and problems within and beyond the country. This could potentially worsen global food insecurity in the long term.
Get access
Type
Element
Information
Online ISBN: 9781108914680
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication: 03 November 2022

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ahlers, A. (2014). Rural Policy Implementation in Contemporary China: New Socialist Countryside. Abingdon: Routledge.Google Scholar
Aksoy, M. A. (2004). The Evolution of Agricultural Trade Flows. In Aksoy, M. A. & Beghin, J. C. (eds.), Global Agricultural Trade and Developing Countries (pp. 1735). Washington, DC: World Bank Publications.Google Scholar
Andreas, J., Kale, S. S., Levien, M., & Zhang, Q. F. (2020). Rural Land Dispossession in China and India. Journal of Peasant Studies, 47(6), 11091142.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Andreas, J., & Zhan, S. (2016). Hukou and Land: Market Reform and Rural Displacement in China. Journal of Peasant Studies, 43(4), 798827.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Andrews, E. L. (2003). U.S. Moves to Limit Textile Imports from China. New York Times. November 19.Google Scholar
Arrighi, G., & Silver, B. (1999). Chaos and Governance in the Modern World System. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar
Bailey, R., & Wellesley, L. (2017). Chokepoints and Vulnerabilities in Global Food Trade. London: Chatham House.Google Scholar
Bair, J., Harris, K., & Hough, P. A. (2019). Roads from Calabria: The Arrighian Approach to Agrarian Political Economy. Journal of Agrarian Change, 19(3), 391406.Google Scholar
Beijing News. (2019). Imports of Russian Soybeans Are Permitted (允许从俄罗斯全境进口大豆). Beijing News. August 5. www.bjnews.com.cn/detail/156497218514190.html.Google Scholar
Belesky, P., & Lawrence, G. (2019). Chinese State Capitalism and Neomercantilism in the Contemporary Food Regime: Contradictions, Continuity and Change. Journal of Peasant Studies, 46(6), 11191141.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bello, W. F. (2009). The Food Wars. London: VersoGoogle Scholar
Bernstein, H. (2016). Agrarian Political Economy and Modern World Capitalism: The Contributions of Food Regime Analysis. Journal of Peasant Studies, 43(3), 611647.Google Scholar
Bernstein, T. P., & , X. (2003). Taxation without Representation in Contemporary Rural China. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Bhala, R. (1999). Enter the Dragon: An Essay on China’s WTO Accession Saga. American University International Law Review, 15, 14691538.Google Scholar
Bitabarova, A. G. (2018). Unpacking Sino-Central Asian Engagement along the New Silk Road: A Case Study of Kazakhstan. Journal of Contemporary East Asia Studies, 7(2), 149173.Google Scholar
Böhme, M. (2021). Shared Interest or Strategic Threat? A Critical Investigation of Political Debates and Regulatory Responses to Chinese Agricultural Investment in Australia. Globalizations, 18(3), 441460.Google Scholar
Borras, S. Jr. Hall, M., Scoones, R., White, I., B., & Wolford, W. (2011). Towards a Better Understanding of Global Land Grabbing: An Editorial Introduction. Journal of Peasant Studies, 38(2), 209216.Google Scholar
Bosley, C. (2019). Chinese Ambassador Says ChemChina’s Syngenta Purchase Was a Mistake. Bloomberg. June 29. www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-06-29/chinese-ambassador-says-chemchina-s-syngenta-purchase-a-mistake.Google Scholar
Bramall, C. (2004). Chinese Land Reform in Long‐Run Perspective and in the Wider East Asian Context. Journal of Agrarian Change, 4(1–2), 107141.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bramall, C. (2009). Chinese Economic Development. Abingdon: Routledge.Google Scholar
Bratspies, R. (2017). Owning All the Seeds: Consolidation and Control in Agbiotech. Environmental Law, 47, 583608.Google Scholar
Bräutigam, D. (2015). Will Africa Feed China? Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Bräutigam, D., & Ekman, S.-M. S. (2012). Briefing Rumours and Realities of Chinese Agricultural Engagement in Mozambique. African Affairs, 111(444), 483492.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brown, L. R. (1994). Who Will Feed China? World Watch, 7(5), 1019.Google Scholar
Brown, L. R. (1995). Who Will Feed China? Wake-Up Call for a Small Planet. New York: WW Norton & Company.Google Scholar
Brown, L. R. (2011). Can the United States Feed China? Washington Post. March 13.Google Scholar
Brown, L. R. (2014). Can the World Feed China? Washington, DC: Earth Policy Institute.Google Scholar
CCTV. (2020). The World Is on the Verge of a Serious Food Crisis, Will It Affect Chinese People’s Rice Bag? (世界濒临严重粮食危机, 中国老百姓的 “米袋子” 会受影响吗). August 4. http://news.cctv.com/2020/08/04/ARTItLjAsrpA5skxCyyA1isY200804.shtml.Google Scholar
Chai, Y., Pardey, P. G., Chan-Kang, C. et al. (2019). Passing the Food and Agricultural R&D Buck? The United States and China. Food Policy, 86, 101729.Google Scholar
Chakrabortty, A. (2008). Secret Report: Biofuel Caused Food Crisis. Guardian. July 3.Google Scholar
Chan, J. (2021). Hunger for Profit: How Food Delivery Platforms Manage Couriers in China. Sociologias, 23, 5882.Google Scholar
Chang, A.-L. (2019). Singapore Sets 30% Goal for Home-Grown Food by 2030. The Straits Times. March 8.Google Scholar
Chen, X. (2012). Food Trade More Effective than Farming Overseas (海外种地不如贸易). China Entrepreneur, 28(11), 26.Google Scholar
Chen, Y., Li, X., Wang, L., & Wang, S. (2017). Is China Different from Other Investors in Global Land Acquisition? Some Observations from Existing Deals in China’s Going Global Strategy. Land Use Policy, 60, 362372.Google Scholar
Chheang, V. (2017). The Political Economy of Chinese Investment in Cambodia. Singapore: ISEAS Publishing.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
China Daily. (2015). Corruption in Grain Storage SOE Should Never Be Ignored. China Daily. April 20. www.chinadaily.com.cn/opinion/2015-04/20/content_20478525.htm.Google Scholar
China National Cereals, Oils and Foodstuffs Corporation (COFCO). (2021). History and Honor. www.cofco.com/en/AboutCOFCO/HistoryandHonor/.Google Scholar
China National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) (2008). Instructions on Promoting the Healthy Development of the Soybean Industry (促进大豆加工业健康发展的指导意见). www.gov.cn/zwgk/2008-09/03/content_1086321.htm.Google Scholar
China National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC). (2015). Vision and Actions on Jointly Building Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. Beijing: People’s Publishing House.Google Scholar
Christiansen, F. (2009). Food Security, Urbanization and Social Stability in China. Journal of Agrarian Change, 9(4), 548575.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chuang, J. (2020). Beneath the China Boom: Labor, Citizenship, and the Making of a Rural Land Market. Oakland: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Clapp, J. (2006). WTO Agriculture Negotiations: Implications for the Global South. Third World Quarterly, 27(4), 563577.Google Scholar
Clapp, J. (2014). Financialization, Distance and Global Food Politics. Journal of Peasant Studies, 41(5), 797814.Google Scholar
Clapp, J. (2017). Food Self-Sufficiency: Making Sense of It, and When It Makes Sense. Food Policy, 66, 8896.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dai, M., & Zhang, X. (2012). Regulatory Talks Difficult to Prevent COFCO’s Price Hikes: Is Its Control of the Market for Food Security or for Profit? (约谈难抑中粮涨价冲动 掌握市场话语权为安全?为利润?). Workers’ Daily. August 1.Google Scholar
Day, A. (2008). The End of the Peasant? New Rural Reconstruction in China. Boundary 2, 35(2), 4973.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Day, A. F., & Schneider, M. (2018). The End of Alternatives? Capitalist Transformation, Rural Activism and the Politics of Possibility in China. Journal of Peasant Studies, 45(7), 12211246.Google Scholar
Du, Z., & Han, L. (2020). The Impact of Production-Side Changes in Grain Supply on China’s Food Security (供给侧生产端变化对中国粮食安全的影响研究). Chinese Rural Economy 36(4), 214.Google Scholar
Duggan, N., & Naarajärvi, T. (2015). China in Global Food Security Governance. Journal of Contemporary China, 24(95), 943960.Google Scholar
Edelman, M., Weis, T., Baviskar, A. et al. (2014). Introduction: Critical Perspectives on Food Sovereignty. Journal of Peasant Studies, 41(6), 911931.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fold, N., & Pritchard, B. (2005). Cross-Continental Agro-Food Chains: Structures, Actors and Dynamics in the Global Food System. Abingdon: Routledge.Google Scholar
Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO). (2018). The State of Agricultural Commodity Markets 2018: Agricultural Trade, Climate Change and Food Security. Rome: FAO.Google Scholar
Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO), IFAD, UNICEF, WFP, & WHO. (2021). The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021. Rome: FAO.Google Scholar
Fouilleux, E., Bricas, N., & Alpha, A. (2017). “Feeding 9 Billion People”: Global Food Security Debates and the Productionist Trap. Journal of European Public Policy, 24(11), 16581677.Google Scholar
Fresh Plaza. (2020). Chinese Avocado Imports Plummet by 19%. Fresh Plaza. August 19. www.freshplaza.com/article/9241541/chinese-avocado-imports-plummet-by-19/.Google Scholar
Friedmann, H. (1982). The Political Economy of Food: The Rise and Fall of the Postwar International Food Order. American Journal of Sociology, 88, S248S286.Google Scholar
Friedmann, H. (1992). Distance and Durability: Shaky Foundations of the World Food Economy. Third World Quarterly, 13(2), 371383.Google Scholar
Friedmann, H. (2005). From Colonialism to Green Capitalism: Social Movements and Emergence of Food Regimes. In Buttel, F. H. & McMichael, P. (eds.), New Directions in the Sociology of Global Development (pp. 227264). Bingley: Emerald Group Publishing Limited.Google Scholar
Friedmann, H., & McMichael, P. (1989). Agriculture and the State System: The Rise and Decline of National Agricultures, 1870 to the Present. Sociologia Ruralis, 29(2), 93117.Google Scholar
Friis, C., & Nielsen, J. Ø. (2016). Small-Scale Land Acquisitions, Large-Scale Implications: Exploring the Case of Chinese Banana Investments in Northern Laos. Land Use Policy, 57, 117129.Google Scholar
Fuchs, R., Alexander, P., Brown, C. et al. (2019). Why the US–China Trade War Spells Disaster for the Amazon. Nature, 567, 451454.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gale, F., Valdes, C., & Ash, M. (2019). Interdependence of China, United States, and Brazil in Soybean Trade, OCS-19F-01. Washington, DC: US Department of Agriculture.Google Scholar
Gaudreau, M. (2019). State Food Security and People’s Food Sovereignty: Competing Visions of Agriculture in China. Canadian Journal of Development Studies/Revue canadienne d’études du développement, 40(1), 1228.Google Scholar
Goetz, A. (2015). How Different Are the UK and China? Investor Countries in Comparative Perspective. Canadian Journal of Development Studies/Revue canadienne d’études du développement, 36(2), 179195.Google Scholar
Gong, H., Meng, D., Li, X., & Zhu, F. (2013). Soil Degradation and Food Security Coupled with Global Climate Change in Northeastern China. Chinese Geographical Science, 23(5), 562573.Google Scholar
Gong, P. (2011). China Needs No Foreign Help to Feed Itself. Nature News, 474(7349), 7–7.Google Scholar
Gong, W., & Zhang, Q. F. (2017). Betting on the Big: State-Brokered Land Transfers, Large-Scale Agricultural Producers, and Rural Policy Implementation. The China Journal, 77(1), 126.Google Scholar
Gonzalez, C. G. (2002). Institutionalizing Inequality: The WTO Agreement on Agriculture, Food Security, and Developing Countries. Columbia Journal of Environmental Law, 27, 433490.Google Scholar
Gooch, E., & Gale, F. (2018). China’s Foreign Agriculture Investments, EIB-192. Washington, DC: US Department of Agriculture.Google Scholar
GRAIN. (2008). Seized: The 2008 Land Grab for Food and Financial Security. https://grain.org/article/entries/93-seized-the-2008-landgrab-for-food-and-financial-security.Google Scholar
Grainwiz. (2009). The Saga of China’s Rising Soy Imports and Prices. May 27. www.grainwiz.com/nouvelles/797-la-saga-de-l-augmentation-de-l-importation-chinoise-de-soya-et-des-prix.Google Scholar
Hall, D. (2013). Primitive Accumulation, Accumulation by Dispossession and the Global Land Grab. Third World Quarterly, 34(9), 15821604.Google Scholar
Han, D. (2005). Why Has China‘s Agriculture Survived WTO Accession? Asian Survey, 45(6), 931948.Google Scholar
Han, J. (2019). Press Conference on “Opinion on Faciliating Organic Integration between Small Farming Households and Modern Agricultural Development” (《关于促进小农户和现代农业发展有机衔接的意见》发布会). www.moa.gov.cn/hd/zbft_news/xnhxdnyfz/wzzb/.Google Scholar
Harvey, D. (1981). The Spatial Fix: Hegel, von Thunen, and Marx. Antipode, 13(3), 112.Google Scholar
Hayward, J. (2017). Beyond the Ownership Question: Who Will Till the Land? The New Debate on China’s Agricultural Production. Critical Asian Studies, 49(4), 523545.Google Scholar
He, X. (2016). Thoughts on Scaling Up Agriculture in China (关于我国农业经营规模的思考). Issues in Agricultural Economy (Chinese), (9), 415.Google Scholar
Hess, S. (2015). Foreign Media Coverage and Protest Outcomes in China: The Case of the 2011 Wukan Rebellion. Modern Asian Studies, 49(1), 177203.Google Scholar
Hofman, I. (2016). Politics or Profits along the “Silk Road”: What Drives Chinese Farms in Tajikistan and Helps Them Thrive? Eurasian Geography and Economics, 57(3), 457481.Google Scholar
Hofman, I., & Ho, P. (2012). China’s “Developmental Outsourcing”: A Critical Examination of Chinese Global “Land Grabs” Discourse. Journal of Peasant Studies, 39(1), 148.Google Scholar
Hopewell, K. (2020). Clash of Powers: US–China Rivalry in Global Trade Governance. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Hsing, Y.-t. (2010). The Great Urban Transformation: Politics of Land and Property in China: Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Hu, Y., Cheng, H., & Tao, S. (2017a). Environmental and Human Health Challenges of Industrial Livestock and Poultry Farming in China and Their Mitigation. Environment International, 107, 111130.Google Scholar
Hu, Z., Zhang, Q. F., & Donaldson, J. A. (2017b). Farmers’ Cooperatives in China: A Typology of Fraud and Failure. The China Journal, 78(1), 124.Google Scholar
Huang, J. (2013). Food Supply: Enough for Everyone. China Economic Quarterly, 7(3), 2023.Google Scholar
Huang, J., & Rozelle, S. (2002). China’s Accession to WTO and Shifts in the Agriculture Policy. Working paper, University of California–Davis, Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huang, J., Wei, W., Qi, C., & Wei, X. (2017). The Prospects for China’s Food Security and Imports: Will China Starve the World via Imports? Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 16(12), 29332944.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huang, P. C. (2016). China’s Hidden Agricultural Revolution, 1980–2010, in Historical and Comparative Perspective. Modern China, 42(4), 339376.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jakobsen, J. (2021). New Food Regime Geographies: Scale, State, Labor. World Development, 145, 105523.Google Scholar
Kenney-Lazar, M. (2018). Governing Dispossession: Relational Land Grabbing in Laos. Annals of the American Association of Geographers, 108(3), 679694.Google Scholar
Kimbrell, A. (2002). The Fatal Harvest Reader: The Tragedy of Industrial Agriculture. Washington, DC: Island Press.Google Scholar
Kong, X., Zhang, X., Lal, R. et al. (2016). Groundwater Depletion by Agricultural Intensification in China’s HHH Plains, since 1980s. Advances in Agronomy, 135, 59106.Google Scholar
Krausmann, F., & Langthaler, E. (2019). Food Regimes and Their Trade Links: A Socio-ecological Perspective. Ecological Economics, 160, 8795.Google Scholar
Kuang, W., Liu, J., Dong, J., Chi, W., & Zhang, C. (2016). The Rapid and Massive Urban and Industrial Land Expansions in China between 1990 and 2010: A CLUD-Based Analysis of Their Trajectories, Patterns, and Drivers. Landscape and Urban Planning, 145, 2133.Google Scholar
La Via Campesina (LVC). (2007). Declaration of Nyéléni. https://nyeleni.org/IMG/pdf/DeclNyeleni-en.pdf.Google Scholar
Lawther, I. (2017). Why African Countries Are Interested in Building Agricultural Partnerships with China: Lessons from Rwanda and Uganda. Third World Quarterly, 38(10), 23122329.Google Scholar
Lee, C. K. (2016). Precarization or Empowerment? Reflections on Recent Labor Unrest in China. The Journal of Asian Studies, 75(2), 317333.Google Scholar
Lee, C. K. (2017). The Specter of Global China: Politics, Labor, and Foreign Investment in Africa. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, C. K. (2019). China’s Precariats. Globalizations, 16(2), 137154.Google Scholar
Lee, C. K., & Zhang, Y. (2013). The Power of Instability: Unraveling the Microfoundations of Bargained Authoritarianism in China. American Journal of Sociology, 118(6), 14751508.Google Scholar
Lee, S., & Müller, A. R. (2012). South Korean External Strategy Qualms: Analysis of Korean Overseas Agricultural Investment within the Global Food System. Paper presented at the International Conference on Global Land Grabbing II (October 17–19), Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.Google Scholar
Li, Z. (2021). Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs: Accelerate the Implementation of Regulations on Transfer of Rural Land Operation Rights (农业农村部: 加快制定农村土地经营权流转管理办法实施细则). Jingji Cankaobao. September 14.Google Scholar
Liang, W. (2002). China’s WTO Negotiation Process and Its Implications. Journal of Contemporary China, 11(33), 683719.Google Scholar
Liu, W., Yang, H., Ciais, P., Kummu, M., & Hoekstra, A. Y. (2020). China’s Food Supply Sources under Trade Conflict with the United States and Limited Domestic Land and Water Resources. Earth’s Future, 8(3), e2020EF001482.Google Scholar
Lu, J. (2020). Agricultural Investment of Chinese Enterprises in Russia against the Backgroup of the BRI: Features, Changes and Problems (一带一路”背景下中国企业对俄罗斯农业投资的特点、变化及问题). Practice in Foreign Economic Relations and Trade, 27(7), 8592.Google Scholar
Lu, J., & Schönweger, O. (2019). Great Expectations: Chinese Investment in Laos and the Myth of Empty Land. Territory, Politics, Governance, 7(1), 6178.Google Scholar
Lu, Y., Bai, Y., & Luo, G. (2020). In Depth: Three Years after Record-Breaking Syngenta Acquisition, ChemChina Struggling under Debt Mountain. Caixin Global. July 23.Google Scholar
Luo, Q., Andreas, J., & Li, Y. (2017). Grapes of Wrath: Twisting Arms to Get Villagers to Cooperate with Agribusiness in China. The China Journal, 77(1), 2750.Google Scholar
Magnan, A. (2012). Food Regimes. In Pilcher, J. M. (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Food History (pp. 370388). Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Martindale, L. (2021). From Land Consolidation and Food Safety to Taobao Villages and Alternative Food Networks: Four Components of China’s Dynamic Agri-Rural Innovation System. Journal of Rural Studies, 82, 404416.Google Scholar
Mason-D’Croz, D., Bogard, J. R., Herrero, M. et al. (2020). Modelling the Global Economic Consequences of a Major African Swine Fever Outbreak in China. Nature Food, 1(4), 221228.Google Scholar
McClintock, N. (2010). Why Farm the City? Theorizing Urban Agriculture through a Lens of Metabolic Rift. Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, 3(2), 191207.Google Scholar
McKay, B. M., & Veltmeyer, H. (2021). Industrial Agriculture and Agrarian Extractivism. In Handbook of Critical Agrarian Studies (pp. 503514). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.Google Scholar
McKeon, N. (2021). Global Food Governance. Development, 64(3), 172180.Google Scholar
McMichael, P. (2000). A global interpretation of the rise of the East Asian food import complex. World Development, 28(3), 409424.Google Scholar
McMichael, P. (2005). Global Development and the Corporate Food Regime. In Buttel, F. H. & McMichael, P. (eds.), Research in Rural Sociology and Development (pp. 265299). Bingley: Emerald Group Publishing Limited.Google Scholar
McMichael, P. (2009). A Food Regime Genealogy. Journal of Peasant Studies, 36(1), 139169.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McMichael, P. (2012). The Land Grab and Corporate Food Regime Restructuring. Journal of Peasant Studies, 39(3–4), 681701.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McMichael, P. (2013). Land Grabbing as Security Mercantilism in International Relations. Globalizations, 10(1), 4764.Google Scholar
McMichael, P. (2020). Does China’s “Going Out” Strategy Prefigure a New Food Regime? Journal of Peasant Studies, 47(1), 116154.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MOARA). (2019). Report on China’s Agricultural Outward Investment and Cooperation 2019 (中国农业对外投资合作分析报告 2019). Beijing: China Agriculture Press.Google Scholar
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs ( MOARA). (2020a). China’s agricultural imports and exports in 2019 (2019年我国农产品进出口情况). www.moa.gov.cn/ztzl/nybrl/rlxx/202002/t20200218_6337263.htm.Google Scholar
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs ( MOARA). (2020b). Large companies are the major force of international agricultural cooperation (大型企业是国际农业合作的主要力量). www.fecc.agri.cn/yjzx/yjzx_yjcg/202009/t20200907_360576.html.Google Scholar
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs ( MOARA). (2021). The List of Top 100 Dragonhead Companies and Top 10 Specialized Dragonhead Companies in 2020 Released (2020年农业产业化龙头企业100强和专项10强名单发布). www.xccys.moa.gov.cn/nycyh/202104/t20210426_6366634.htm.Google Scholar
Ministry of Agriculture of China (MOA). (2009). Statistical Data of Agriculture of China in 60 years (新中国农业60年统计资料). Beijing: China Agricultural Press.Google Scholar
Ministry of Agriculture of China (MOA). 2017. Vision and Action on Jointly Promoting Agricultural Cooperation on the Belt and Road. http://english.scio.gov.cn/beltandroad/2017-05/13/content_76329324.htm.Google Scholar
Montenegro de Wit, M., Canfield, M., Iles, A. et al. (2021). Resetting power in global food governance: The UN Food Systems Summit. Development, 64(3), 153161.Google Scholar
Mora, S. (2022). Land Grabbing, Power Configurations and Trajectories of China’s Investments in Argentina. Globalizations, 19(5), 696710.Google Scholar
Morton, K. (2012). Learning By Doing: China’s Role in the Global Governance of Food Security. Working paper 30, Indiana University Research Center for Chinese Politics & Business.Google Scholar
Mullen, A. (2021. China Inflation: Consumer Price Growth Accelerates Due to Rising Food Costs. The South China Morning Post. December 9.Google Scholar
Myers, M., & Guo, J. (2015). China’s Agricultural Investment in Latin America: A Critical Assessment. The Dialogue. www.thedialogue.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/Chinas-Agricultural-Investment-in-Latin-America.pdf.Google Scholar
Nally, D. (2015). Governing Precarious Lives: Land Grabs, Geopolitics, and “Food Security.” The Geographical Journal, 181(4), 340349.Google Scholar
Daily, Nanfang. (2013). Cadmium-Rice Crisis Sounds the Alarm of Soil Pollution (“镉米危机”敲响土壤污染警钟). Nanfang Daily, June 13.Google Scholar
National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). (1991). China Statistical Yearbook 1991. Beijing: China Statistics Press.Google Scholar
National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). (1999). Comprehensive Statistical Data and Materials on 50 Years of New China. Beijing: China Statistics Press.Google Scholar
National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). (2009). China Compendium of Statistics 1949–2008. Beijing: China Statistics Press.Google Scholar
National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). (2020). China Statistical Yearbook 2020. Beijing: China Statistics Press.Google Scholar
National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). (2021a). National Database. https://data.stats.gov.cn/.Google Scholar
National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). (2021b). The No. 7 Report on the Seventh National Census (第七次全国人口普查公报第七号). www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/tjgb/rkpcgb/qgrkpcgb/202106/t20210628_1818826.html.Google Scholar
National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). (2021c). Statistical Report of the People’s Republic of China on the 2020 National Economic and Social Development. Beijing: National Bureau of Statistics of China.Google Scholar
Niehaus, A., & Walravens, T. (2017). Feeding Japan: The Cultural and Political Issues of Dependency and Risk. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
Nolte, K., Chamberlain, W., & Giger, M. (2016). International Land Deals for Agriculture: Fresh Insights from the Land Matrix: Analytical Report II. Bern: Bern Open Publishing.Google Scholar
O’Brien, K. J., & Li, L. (2006). Rightful Resistance in Rural China. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Observatory of Economic Complexity (OEC). (2021). Database of the Observatory of Economic Complexity. https://oec.world/en.Google Scholar
Oliveira, G. d. L. (2018). Chinese Land Grabs in Brazil? Sinophobia and Foreign Investments in Brazilian Soybean Agribusiness. Globalizations, 15(1), 114133.Google Scholar
Oliveira, G. d. L., McKay, B. M., & Liu, J. (2021). Beyond land grabs: New insights on land struggles and global agrarian change. Globalizations, 18(3), 321338.Google Scholar
Oliveira, G. d. L., & Schneider, M. (2016). The Politics of Flexing Soybeans: China, Brazil and Global Agroindustrial Restructuring. Journal of Peasant Studies, 43(1), 167194.Google Scholar
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) & FAO. (2020). OECD–FAO Agricultural Outlook 2020–2029. Rome: FAO.Google Scholar
Ouyang, H. (2011). Nearly 70% of Respondents Lack a Sense of Food Safety: Report on Consumer Confidence in food SAFETY 2010–2011 (近七成受访者对食品没有安全感: 2010–2011消费者食品安全信心报告). Xiaokang, (1), 4245.Google Scholar
Patel, R. (2009). Food sovereignty. Journal of Peasant Studies, 36(3), 663706.Google Scholar
Patel, R. (2012). Stuffed and Starved: The Hidden Battle for the World Food System. New York: Melville House.Google Scholar
Pawlak, K., Kołodziejczak, M., & Xie, Y. (2016). Changes in Foreign Trade in Agri-Food Products between the EU and China. Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development, 42(4), 607618.Google Scholar
Pechlaner, G., & Otero, G. (2008). The Third Food Regime: Neoliberal Globalism and Agricultural Biotechnology in North America. Sociologia Ruralis, 48(4), 351371.Google Scholar
Polanyi, K. (2001 [1944]). The Great Transformation: The Political and Economic Origins of Our Time. Boston: Beacon Press.Google Scholar
Pritchard, B. (2009). The Long Hangover from the Second Food Regime: A World-Historical Interpretation of the Collapse of the WTO Doha Round. Agriculture and Human Values, 26(4), 297307.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Qi, J., Zheng, X., & Guo, H. (2019). The Formation of Taobao Villages in China. China Economic Review, 53, 106127.Google Scholar
Qiao, J. (2019). Maintain Grain Production above 650 Million Tons This Year (把全年粮食产量稳定在1.3万亿斤以上). The Economic Daily. August 3. www.ce.cn/cysc/sp/info/201908/03/t20190803_32800649.shtml.Google Scholar
Ren, T. (2019). 70 Years of COFCO as a Trailblazer (中粮七十年, 敢为天下先). Guozi Baogao (国资报告), (12), 8488.Google Scholar
Rowley, L. (2020). Boom and Bust: Is China Bowing Out of Australian Agriculture? www.beefcentral.com/property/boom-and-bust-is-china-bowing-out-of-australian-agriculture/.Google Scholar
Sargeson, S. (2013). Violence as Development: Land Expropriation and China’s Urbanization. Journal of Peasant Studies, 40(6), 10631085.Google Scholar
Schmalzer, S. (2016). Red Revolution, Green Revolution: Scientific Farming in Socialist China. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Schneider, M. (2015). What, Then, Is a Chinese Peasant? Nongmin Discourses and Agroindustrialization in Contemporary China. Agriculture and Human Values, 32(2), 331346.Google Scholar
Schneider, M. (2017). Dragon Head Enterprises and the State of Agribusiness in China. Journal of Agrarian Change, 17(1), 321.Google Scholar
Scott, S., Si, Z., Schumilas, T., & Chen, A. (2018). Organic Food and Farming in China: Top-Down and Bottom-Up Ecological Initiatives. Abingdon: Routledge.Google Scholar
Shiva, V. (2001). Stolen Harvest: The Hijacking of the Global Food Supply. London: Zed Books.Google Scholar
Si, Z., Li, Y., Fang, P., & Zhou, L. (2019). “One Family, Two Systems”: Food Safety Crisis as a Catalyst for Agrarian Changes in Rural China. Journal of Rural Studies, 69, 8796.Google Scholar
Si, Z., Schumilas, T., & Scott, S. (2015). Characterizing Alternative Food Networks in China. Agriculture and Human Values, 32(2), 299313.Google Scholar
Si, Z., & Scott, S. (2016). The Convergence of Alternative Food Networks within “Rural Development” Initiatives: The Case of the New Rural Reconstruction Movement in China. Local Environment, 21(9), 10821099.Google Scholar
Sina. (2016). Beidahuang Left a Mess in Its Endearvour to Join Fortune 500, with the Former Director in Prison (北大荒冲世界500强留下一地鸡毛 前任掌门人锒铛入狱). December 22. http://finance.sina.com.cn/chanjing/gsnews/2016-12-22/doc-ifxyxury7967600.shtml.Google Scholar
So, A. Y., & Chu, Y.-w. (2016). The Global Rise of China. Cambridge: Polity Press.Google Scholar
Søndergaard, N. (2020). Repercussions of Chinese Land Deals in South America: Vectors of Mobilization and Domestic Institutions. Revista de Sociologia e Política, 28(74), e007.Google Scholar
Tang, K., Wang, J., & Chen, Z. (2017). The Impact of Farm Size of Rural Households on Grain Output and Production Costs (农户耕地经营规模对粮食单产和生产成本的影响). Journal of Management World (Chinese), (5), 7991.Google Scholar
The State Council. (2008). Outline of the Medium- and Long-Term Plan for National Food Security (2008–2020). www.gov.cn/jrzg/2008-11/13/content_1148414.htm.Google Scholar
The State Council. (2019). White Paper: Food Security in China. http://english.scio.gov.cn/2019-10/14/content_75300394.htm.Google Scholar
Tortajada, C., & Zhang, H. (2021). When Food Meets BRI: China’s Emerging Food Silk Road. Global Food Security, 29, 100518.Google Scholar
Trappel, R. (2015). China’s Agrarian Transition: Peasants, Property, and Politics. London: Lexington Books.Google Scholar
USDA. (2020). China: Evolving demand in the world’s largest agricultural import market. www.fas.usda.gov/data/china-evolving-demand-world-s-largest-agricultural-import-market.Google Scholar
van der Ploeg, J. D., Jingzhong, Y., & Schneider, S. (2012). Rural Development through the Construction of New, Nested, Markets: Comparative Perspectives from China, Brazil and the European Union. Journal of Peasant Studies, 39(1), 133173.Google Scholar
Veltmeyer, H. (2013). The Political Economy of Natural Resource Extraction: A New Model or Extractive Imperialism? Canadian Journal of Development Studies/Revue canadienne d’études du développement, 34(1), 7995.Google Scholar
Vicol, M., & Pritchard, B. (2021). Rethinking Rural Development in Myanmar’s Ayeyarwady Delta through a Historical Food Regimes Frame. Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography, 42(2), 264283.Google Scholar
Wang, K. (2018). COFCO: Meet Market Demands with a Global Vision (中粮集团: 立足全球视野满足市场需求). The People’s Daily. July 11.Google Scholar
Wang, S. (2013). The Story of Soybeans: How Capital Endangers Human Security (大豆的故事: 资本如何危及人类安全). Open Times, 249, 87108.Google Scholar
Weis, T. (2013). The Meat of the Global Food Crisis. Journal of Peasant Studies, 40(1), 6585.Google Scholar
Wen, T. (2001). Centenary Reflections on the “Three Dimensional Problem” of Rural China. Inter-Asia Cultural Studies, 2(2), 287295.Google Scholar
Wen, T. (2012). Eight Crises: Lessons from China 1949–2009 (八次危机). Beijing: Dongfang chubanshe.Google Scholar
Woodhouse, P. (2010). Beyond Industrial Agriculture? Some Questions about Farm Size, Productivity and Sustainability. Journal of Agrarian Change, 10(3), 437453.Google Scholar
World Bank. (2021). World Bank open data. https://data.worldbank.org/.Google Scholar
World Trade Organization ( WTO). (2022). Domestic support in agriculture: The boxes. www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/agric_e/agboxes_e.htm.Google Scholar
Wu, S., & Liu, C. (2020). Further on the Issues of Grain Security in Scaled-Up Agriculture: Debates and Policy Implications (再议规模经营中的粮食安全问题: 争议回应与政策启示). Journal of Northwest A&F University (Social Science Edition), 20(6), 8087.Google Scholar
Wu, X., Yang, D. L., & Chen, L. (2017). The Politics of Quality-of-Life Issues: Food Safety and Political Trust in China. Journal of Contemporary China, 26(106), 601615.Google Scholar
Wu, Y., & Chen, Y. (2013). Food Safety in China. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, 67(6), 478479.Google Scholar
Xinhua. (1998). Decision of the CCCPC on Major Issues Concerning Agriculture and Rural Areas. http://cn.chinagate.cn/indepths/zggcd90n/2011-04/13/content_22350169.htm.Google Scholar
Xinhua. (2018a). The Directives on Implementing the Strategy of Rural Revitalization. www.gov.cn/zhengce/2018-02/04/content_5263807.htm.Google Scholar
Xinhua. (2018b). COFCO’s 2017 Performance Report Is Released (中粮集团2017年成绩单出炉). www.xinhuanet.com/food/2018-01/17/c_1122272529.htm.Google Scholar
Xu, Z., Li, B., & Wang, Y. (2014). The Impact of the “Whole Supply Chain” Strategy on Enterprise Performance: The Case of COFCO (论“全产业链”战略对企业绩效的影响——以中粮集团为例). Shangye Shidai (商业时代), (9), 1417.Google Scholar
Yan, H., & Chen, Y. (2013). Debating the Rural Cooperative Movement in China, the Past and the Present. Journal of Peasant Studies, 40(6), 955981.Google Scholar
Yan, H., Ku, H. B., & Xu, S. (2021). Rural Revitalization, Scholars, and the Dynamics of the Collective Future in China. Journal of Peasant Studies, 48(4), 853874.Google Scholar
Yan, H., & Sautman, B. (2010). Chinese Farms in Zambia: From Socialist to “Agro-Imperialist” Engagement? African and Asian studies, 9(3), 307333.Google Scholar
Yan, Y. (2012). Food Safety and Social Risk in Contemporary China. The Journal of Asian Studies, 71(3), 705729.Google Scholar
Yang, H., Vernooy, R., & Leeuwis, C. (2018). Farmer Cooperatives and the Changing Agri-Food System in China. China Information, 32(3), 423442.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ye, J. (2015). Land Transfer and the Pursuit of Agricultural Modernization in China. Journal of Agrarian Change, 15(3), 314337.Google Scholar
Ye, J., & He, C. (2020). Poverty Alleviation Practice and Theoretical Exploration Based on Small-Farm Household Production: A Case Study of a Small-Farm “Nested Market” Poverty Alleviation Trial. Social Sciences in China, 41(3), 152172.Google Scholar
Zang, Y. (2013). The Truth about Chinese Agriculture (中国农业真相). Beijing: Peking University Press.Google Scholar
Zhan, S. (2017a). Riding on Self-Sufficiency: Grain Policy and the Rise of Agrarian Capital in China. Journal of Rural Studies, 54, 151161.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhan, S. (2017b). Hukou Reform and Land Politics in China: Rise of a Tripartite Alliance. The China Journal, 78(1), 2549.Google Scholar
Zhan, S. (2019a). The Land Question in China: Agrarian Capitalism, Industrious Revolution, and East Asian Development. Abingdon: Routledge.Google Scholar
Zhan, S. (2019b). Accumulation by and without Dispossession: Rural Land Use, Land Expropriation, and Livelihood Implications in China. Journal of Agrarian Change, 19(3), 447464.Google Scholar
Zhan, S. (2020a). The Land Question in 21st Century China: Four Camps and Five Scenarios. New Left Review, 122, 115133.Google Scholar
Zhan, S. (2020b). COVID-19, Land, and Rural Struggles of the Chinese Working Class. https://marxistsociology.org/2020/09/covid-19-land-and-rural-struggles-of-the-chinese-working-class/.Google Scholar
Zhan, S. (2021). The Political Economy of Food Import and Self-Reliance in China: 1949–2019. Global Food History, 119. https://doi.org/10.1080/20549547.2021.2012082.Google Scholar
Zhan, S., & Huang, L. (2017). Internal Spatial Fix: China’s Geographical Solution to Food Supply and Its Limits. Geoforum, 85, 140152.Google Scholar
Zhan, S., & Scully, B. (2018). From South Africa to China: Land, Migrant Labor and the Semi-Proletarian Thesis Revisited. Journal of Peasant Studies, 45(5–6), 10181038.Google Scholar
Zhan, S., Zhang, H., & He, D. (2018). China’s Flexible Overseas Food Strategy: Food Trade and Agricultural Investment between Southeast Asia and China in 1990–2015. Globalizations, 15(5), 702721.Google Scholar
Zhang, H. (2018). Securing the “Rice Bowl”: China and Global Food Security. Singapore: Springer.Google Scholar
Zhang, H. (2020). The US–China trade war: Is food China’s most powerful weapon? Asia Policy, 27(3), 5986.Google Scholar
Zhang, L. (2021). China and the UN Food System Summit: Silenced disputes and ambivalence on food safety, sovereignty, justice, and resilience. Development, 64(3), 303307.Google Scholar
Zhang, Q. F., & Donaldson, J. A. (2008). The Rise of Agrarian Capitalism with Chinese Characteristics: Agricultural Modernization, Agribusiness and Collective Land Rights. The China Journal, (60), 2547.Google Scholar
Zhang, Y. (2011). Migrant Workers’ Willingness of Urban Hukou Registration and Policy Choices on Urbanization in China (农民工“进城落户”意愿与中国近期城镇化道路的选择). Chinese Journal of Population Science, (2), 1426.Google Scholar
Zhou, J. (2016). Chinese Agrarian Capitalism in the Russian Far East. Third World Thematics: A TWQ Journal, 1(5), 612632.Google Scholar
Zou, L., Liu, Y., Wang, Y., & Hu, X. (2020). Assessment and Analysis of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution Loads in China: 1978–2017. Journal of Environmental Management, 263, 110400.Google Scholar

Save element to Kindle

To save this element to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

China and Global Food Security
  • Shaohua Zhan, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
  • Online ISBN: 9781108914680
Available formats
×

Save element to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

China and Global Food Security
  • Shaohua Zhan, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
  • Online ISBN: 9781108914680
Available formats
×

Save element to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

China and Global Food Security
  • Shaohua Zhan, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
  • Online ISBN: 9781108914680
Available formats
×