This chapter explores Hindu religious values and their influence on adolescent development in India. The position adopted in the chapter is that peoples’ values and beliefs are influenced by the respective religious features of the groups embedded in the wider cultural context. Guided by this assumption, the chapter describes the contextual features of youth development in India, the values exemplified in traditional Hindu religious texts, and the process of transmission of those values among adolescents. As an illustration of the socialization process, empirical studies on children and adolescents from traditional and modern schools are described. Some details of adolescents’ daily activities are presented and their effects on the development of adolescents’ values are analyzed. The evidence suggests that among Indian youths, traditional collectivistic values coexist with modern individualistic values, which are considered necessary for societal development in the present-day world. It is argued that traditional Hindu values can be seen as universally human values, and they can be meaningfully used for promoting positive and healthy youth development in the Indian context. The chapter contributes to the existing knowledge about youth development by its focus on different types of schools that provide very different kind of socialization experiences.