The chapter recounts the history of the image and pilgrimage of Notre-Dame du Puy from the fifteenth to the eighteenth century, attending especially to the ways that the Reformation and religious wars reshaped the city and the pilgrimage. Le Puy’s story shows how much a city whose life was built around an image of the Virgin Mary stood to lose in the Reformation and ensuing religious wars. The chapter explains why Reformation-era controversy about the nature and veneration of images had a unique ability to destabilize Le Puy’s public life. Following an account of Le Puy during the religious wars, the chapter concludes by showing how the city and its historians reckoned with the legacy of iconoclasm by restaging the pilgrimage and rewriting the shrine’s history.