Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-7479d7b7d-rvbq7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-11T07:56:38.888Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Chapter 1 - General Principles of Orthopaedic Clinical Examination

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 April 2022

Fazal Ali
Affiliation:
Chesterfield Royal Hospital
Nick Harris
Affiliation:
Spire Hospital, Leeds
Get access

Summary

In this chapter, the general system of examining the various joints in the body is described. Most joints will follow the look, feel, move system, whereas some –for example, the elbow, wrist and ankle – will be best examined using the look, move, feel system.

Other concepts such as gait, generalized laxity, assessment of power and sensory testing are included. Listed at the end of the chapter are examples of how to approach ‘difficult situations’ that the reader may face in clinical practice or in examinations.

Type
Chapter
Information
Orthopaedic Examination Techniques
A Practical Guide
, pp. 1 - 12
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2022

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

References

Apley, AG, Solomon, L. Physical Examination in Orthopaedics. Oxford: Butterworth–Heinemann, 1997.Google Scholar
Shaffer, S, Harrison, A, Brown, K, Brennan, K. Reliability and validity of Semmes-Weinstein monofilament testing in older community-dwelling adults. J Geriatr Phys Ther 2005;28(3):112113.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beighton, PH, Horan, F. Orthopaedic aspects of Ehlers–Danlos syndrome. J Bone Joint Surg 1969;51:444453.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Miller, MD, Thompson, SR. Miller’s Review of Orthopaedics, 7th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier, 2016.Google Scholar
Banaszkiewicz, PA, Kader, DF. Postgraduate Orthopaedics: Guide to the FRCS (Tr & Ortho) Examination, 3rd ed. Cambridge University Press, 2017.Google Scholar
McRae, R. Clinical Orthopaedic Examination, 6th ed. Toronto: Churchill Livingstone, 2010.Google Scholar
MacDonald, PB, Clark, P, Sutherland, K. An analysis of the diagnostic accuracy of the Hawkins and Neer subacromial impingement signs. Shoulder Elbow Surg 2000;9(4):299301.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chen, H-S, Lin, S-H, Hsu, Y-H, Chen, S-C, Kang, J-H. A comparison of physical examinations with musculoskeletal ultrasound in the diagnosis of biceps long head tendinitis. Ultrasound Med Biol 2011;37(9);13921398.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Park, HB, Yokota, A, Gill, HS, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of clinical tests for the different degrees of subacromial impingement syndrome. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2005;87:14461455.Google ScholarPubMed
Guanche, CA, Jones, DC. Clinical testing for tears of the glenoid labrum. Arthroscopy 2003;19:517523.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
LaStayo, P, Howell, J. Clinical provocative tests used in evaluating wrist pain: a descriptive study. J Hand Ther 1995;8:1017.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
MacDermid, JC, Doherty, T. Clinical and electrodiagnostic testing of carpal tunnel syndrome: a narrative review. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2004;34(10):565588.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bird, PA, Oakley, SP, Shnier, R, Kirkham, BW. Prospective evaluation of magnetic resonance imaging and physical examination findings in patients with greater trochanteric pain syndrome. Arthritis Rheum 2001;44:21382145.3.0.CO;2-M>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Benjaminse, A, Gokeler, A van der Schans, CP. Clinical diagnosis of an anterior cruciate ligament rupture: a meta-analysis. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2006;36:267288.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Meserve, BB, Cleland, JA, Boucher, TR. A meta-analysis examining clinical test utilities for assessing meniscal injury. Clin Rehabil 2008;22:143161.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Molloy, S, Solan, MC, Bendall, SP. Synovial impingement in the ankle. A new physical sign. J Bone Joint Br 2003;85:330333.Google Scholar
Majlesi, J, Togay, H, Unalan, H, Toprak, S. The sensitivity and specificity of the Slump and the Straight Leg Raising test in patients with lumbar disc herniation. J Clin Rheumatol 2008;14:8791.Google Scholar
van Kampen, DA, van den Berg, T, van der Woude, HJ, et al. The diagnostic value of the combination of patient characteristics, history, and clinical shoulder tests for the diagnosis of rotator cuff tear. J Orthop Surg Res 2014;9:70.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kohonen, M, Teerenhovi, O, Terho, T, Laurikka, J, Tarkka, M. Is the Allen test reliable enough? European J Cardiothoracic Surg 2007:32(6):902905.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Further Reading

Reider, B. The Orthopaedic Physical Examination, 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders, 2005.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×