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Twelve - The Economics of the Early Calendar

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 February 2021

Gabriele Cifani
Affiliation:
University of Rome Tor Vergata
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Summary

The system of festivals in the pre-Julian, or “Numan”, calendar represents one of the most important sources of information for our knowledge of archaic Roman culture. Among the most significant documents are fragments of works by Varro, the Fasti by Ovid and above all the epigraphic evidence, datable to around 60 BC, from the only calendar known to precede Julius Caesar’s reform, the Fasti Antiates maiores. In this text, which was found at Antium, a series of festivals from before the age of the Tarquinii is listed using capital letters, while, later cults, including that of Jupiter Capitolinus which was certainly introduced in the age of Tarquinii, are rigorously reported using lower case letters. Possible dating of the archaic calendar to the decemvirate period is therefore less credible, while the reforms introduced in the age of Appius Claudius would only have been concerned with the nundinal cycle and an updated definition of the fasti dies.

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The Origins of the Roman Economy
From the Iron Age to the Early Republic in a Mediterranean Perspective
, pp. 157 - 171
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2020

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